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Topic: Lighthouse of Alexandria

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Lighthouse

Pharos of Alexandria

292 BC

Alexandria

Alexandria, Egypt

3rd century BC

Pharos

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

Seven Wonders of the World

Library of Alexandria

Colossus of Rhodes

Demetrius

Statue of Zeus at Olympia

Great Sphinx of Giza

St Petersburg, Russia

	Lighthouse of Alexandria - by authority Howard Hillman
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria is one of the greatest architectural feats of antiquity.
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria was conceived in the early 3rd century BC by the ruler Ptolemy I, an ex-general of Alexander the Great, the conqueror who founded and gave his name to Alexandria.
		The Lighthouse of Pharos became so renowned that the name "pharos" is the root of the word "lighthouse" in several languages (for instance, "phare" in French).
	www.hillmanwonders.com /z_seven_wonders/lighthouse%20of%20alexandria.htm (575 words)

	Great Lighthouse at Alexandria
		It was the great lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
		The lighthouse was built on the island of Pharos and soon the building itself acquired the name.
		He spread rumours that buried under the lighthouse was a fabulous treasure.
	www.pilotfriend.com /world_facts/world/alex.htm (1230 words)

	ALEXANDRIA
		In ancient times, the city was known for the Lighthouse of Alexandria (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World) and the Library of Alexandria (the largest library in the ancient world).
		The famous lighthouse (Pharos), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, was constructed early in the Ptolemaic period on the islet of Pharos, approximately 1.5km from the coast.
		The underground tunnels of the catacombs lie in the densely populated district of Karmouz to the east of Alexandria.
	www.egyptologyonline.com /alexandria.htm (1725 words)

	Pharos Lighthouse of Alexandria
		This was Pharos Lighthouse of Alexandria, which of the vanished wonders of the ancient world, was the last built and the last to remain standing.
		Yet, in several texts a statue is mentioned that surmounted the lighthouse and from a poet named Poseidippos of Pella, who lived in Alexandria during the third century BC, we learn that this statue almost certainly depicted Zeus the Savior, though he may have been accompanied by Poseidon, the lord of the waves.
		Egyptian naval divers, together with expert from Alexandria's Greco-Roman Museum were summoned to the area and verified the young man's report, concluding that the sculpture was a fragment of the colossal statue of Poseidon.
	www.touregypt.net /featurestories/pharoslighthouse.htm (2155 words)

	Lighthouse of Alexandria
		The lighthouse was the first in history and the tallest structure in the world at the time.
		Pharos became the pivot of Alexandria's naval defense, with a special lookout posted towards the eastern harbor, where the Royal fleet was docked.
		In 1349 AD an Arab traveler known as Ibn Battuta found the lighthouse "in such a state of ruin that it was impossible to enter." Not long after that, Sultan Ashtar Quaitbay recuperated and integrated certain parts of the lighthouse into a fort.
	www.southwestern.edu /ACS/latin/team12/lighthouse_of_alexandria.htm (371 words)

	The Lighthouse of Alexandria
		Lighthouse of Alexandria was one of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World.
		Lighthouse was a huge building that had three parts, one built right on top of another.
		Lighthouse stood for centuries, first and foremost as a beacon to travelers and next as a tribute to the greatness of Hellenic civilization.
	www.socialstudiesforkids.com /articles/worldhistory/pharoslighthouse.htm (383 words)

	Alexandria Lighthouse Pharos \| Alexandria City Egypt \| Alexandria Ancient Library \| Ancient Alexandria \| Alexandria ...
		It is situated on a strip of land on the Mediterranean.
		Perhaps Alexandria's most famous ruler was Cleopatra VII (69-30 B.C. At the age of eighteen she became queen of Egypt, sharing the throne with her brother.
		Alexandria lost much of its glory after it was taken over by the Romans.
	www.egyptattraction.com /alexandria-egypt.html (681 words)

	The Seven Wonders: The Lighthouse of Alexandria (Site not responding. Last check: )
		And because of dangerous sailing conditions and flat coastline in the region, the construction of a lighthouse was necessary.
		For centuries, the Lighthouse of Alexandria (occasionally referred to as the Pharos Lighthouse) was used to mark the harbor, using fire at night and reflecting sun rays during the day.
		Although the Lighthouse of Alexandria did not survive to the present day, it left its influence in various respects.
	ce.eng.usf.edu /pharos/wonders/pharos.html (815 words)

	ALEXANDRIA
		The lighthouse’s destruction is thought to have been caused by a series of earthquakes from the 4th to 14th centuries of our era, as there were many of them over the centuries.
		A medieval fort was constructed on the foundations of the ruined lighthouse, using the fallen stones and marble.
		The lighthouse of Alexandria did not survive to the present day, but from an architectural standpoint it has left an impressive influence on the architecture along the Mediterranean, particularly the Egyptian type of minarets that Herman Thiersch affirms are the direct descendants of the Pharos.
	gtae.users.btopenworld.com /alexandria3.htm (1705 words)

	Pharos Lighthouse of Alexandria
		This was Pharos Lighthouse of Alexandria, which of the vanished wonders of the ancient world, was the last built and the last to remain standing.
		Yet, in several texts a statue is mentioned that surmounted the lighthouse and from a poet named Poseidippos of Pella, who lived in Alexandria during the third century BC, we learn that this statue almost certainly depicted Zeus the Savior, though he may have been accompanied by Poseidon, the lord of the waves.
		Egyptian naval divers, together with expert from Alexandria's Greco-Roman Museum were summoned to the area and verified the young man's report, concluding that the sculpture was a fragment of the colossal statue of Poseidon.
	touregypt.net /featurestories/pharoslighthouse.htm (2155 words)

	ART 002 - Group Project - Lighthouse of Alexandria
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria is not only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, but it was also the first lighthouse and the last of the six vanished wonders to be built and to disappear.
		On August 8th, 1303, the eastern Mediterrean was shaken by a massive earthquake, and the remaining structure of the lighthouse was destroyed.
		The ruins of the lighthouse remained there for over a century until the Mamluk sultan Qait Bey cleared the ruins to build his fort, which is believed to contain some of the stone blocks from the Pharos Lighthouse.
	www.personal.psu.edu /bmu102/art002/group/lighthouse.html (1016 words)

	The lighthouse of Alexandria
		For centuries, the Lighthouse of Alexandria (occasionally referred to as the Pharos Lighthouse) was used to mark the harbor, using fire at night and reflecting sun rays during the day.
		When the famous Arab traveler Ibn Battuta visited Alexandria in 1349, he could not enter the ruinous monument or even climb to its doorway.
		The final chapter in the history of the Lighthouse came in AD 1480 when the Egyptian Mamelouk Sultan, Qaitbay, decided to fortify Alexandria's defense.
	digilander.libero.it /tepec/alexandria.htm (770 words)

	The Lighthouse of Alexandria - Assignment 7 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The lighthouse at Alexandria was the last of the six vanished wonders to be destroyed.
		The city of Alexandria was originally founded by Alexander the Great in 332 BC Of the 17 cities which the conqueror titled Alexandria, this was the only one that appeared to survive.
		The famous lighthouse at Alexandria has even influenced language, as the word Pharos is the root word for lighthouse in Italian, French or Spanish.
	www.personal.psu.edu /jet201/assignment7.html (1203 words)

	SEVEN WONDERS - Lighthouse of Alexandria (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Pharos of Alexandria was a lighthouse that was built by the Ptolemies on the island of Pharos off the coast of Alexandria in Egypt.
		The construction of a lighthouse was necessary because the island of Pharos was connected to the mainland by a dike, which gave the city a double harbor and dangerous sailing conditions.
		A little damage was caused to the lighthouse by and earthquake in A.D. Two stronger earthquakes in 1303 and 1323 did significant damage to the lighthouse.
	www.calvin.edu /~bdv3/proj4/lighthouse.htm (217 words)

	Graven Images Statues of Baal
		Her city was twice the size of Athens and filled with hundreds of palaces, temples and the greatest library of the ancient world.
		NARRATOR: The lighthouse was so impressive, it became the symbol of Alexandria, appearing on coins, jars and souvenirs of the city.
		It was a colossal statue of this King Ptolemy, king of Alexandria, represented as a Pharaoh, so from the base of the neck to the mid of the leg, it's more than four and a half meters high.
	our.homewithgod.com /bibletruths/AlexLighthouse.html (4920 words)

	The Pharos Lighthouse (Lighthouse of Alexandria)
		He spread rumors that buried under the lighthouse was a fabulous treasure.
		Certainly, as an object of admiration on the part of the Arabs it also became an object of their care and there are several recorded instances of repairs being undertaken.
		In fact, as Ibn Taghribardi wrote, "The princes in charge of religious foundations were for long occupied in repairing the damage inflicted upon schools, mosques and even the Lighthouse." It must have been pretty badly struck for the end was indeed nigh.
	www.fiddlersgreen.net /buildings/lighthouses/pharos/info/info.htm (1401 words)

	The Lighthouse of Alexandria (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 279 B.C., after 20 years work, the lighthouse of Alexandria was completed and was immediately hailed as one of the Wonders of the World.
		It was the first large lighthouse ever constructed, and was so solidly built that it stood for over a thousand years, surviving several earthquakes.
		The lighthouse took its name from the island of Pharos, on which it was built.
	members.tripod.com /death_throne/pharos.html (137 words)

	Alexandria (BiblePlaces.com)
		The ancient lighthouse of Alexandria, the Pharos Lighthouse, was one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.
		Alexandria (Encyclopaedia of the Orient) Briefly describes the modern and the ancient cities of Alexandria and provides a summary of the city's history.
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria (The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World) Describes the location, history, and features of Alexandria's lighthouse, one of the seven wonders of the Ancient World.
	www.bibleplaces.com /alexandria.htm (624 words)

	Lighthouse of Alexandria (Egypt)
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, is undoubtedly one of the greatest architectural feats of antiquity.
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria was at least as tall as a 25 story modern building and stood for over 16 Centuries - from the mid-3rd century B.C. to the 14th century A.D. when an earthquake shook its remaining segments down.
		The Pharros of Alexandria (as the structure is also known) served a useful function - its burning flame could be seen at night by faraway ships seeking the harbor's shelter.
	www.qsl.net /sv2ael/sv2ael.files/faroi/main/alexandria.htm (118 words)

	NOVA Online \| Treasures of the Sunken City \| Jean Yves Empereur: The Riches of Alexandria
		In Alexandria during the Second World War it was a little bit difficult to dive, because there was a continuous state of war.
		There is a map in Montpelier, a town in southern France, which indicates that in 1303 the lighthouse of Alexandria was destroyed.
		Every captain, every traveler entering the harbor of Alexandria was obliged to pass in front of the statue of the kings and queens -- the kings as pharaohs, and the queens as the Goddess Isis.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/sunken/empereur.html (1860 words)

	pharos1
		Construction of the Lighthouse was most probably begun under Ptolemy Soter, a general in Alexander's army who took control of Egypt after the wars of succession, and it was inaugurated by his son, Ptolemy Philadelphus, around 285 BC.
		It is generally reckoned that the Lighthouse was a tower over 100 metres tall standing on the eastern tip of Pharos island and that it was constructed in three stages: the first was square, the second octagonal and the last circular.
		He also had recourse to a wall mosaic in Saint Mark's at Venice which carries an image of the Lighthouse and he even undertook a study of various minarets in Egypt which are thought to have copied the form of the Lighthouse.
	www.greece.org /alexandria/pharos (1286 words)

	Nekhebet.com - The Lighthouse of Alexandria
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria is also the most well-recorded of the six destroyed members of the Seven Wonders of The Ancient World (the Pyramids of Giza being the only Wonder still standing), since it was still in operation until a serious of earthquakes demolished the structure over a few decades in the early 14th century.
		Since it survived until so recently, the writings of many of the travelers who visited the Lighthouse of Alexandria also survived till this day, vividly describing what the Lighthouse looked like and what it was used for.
	www.nekhebet.com /w_lighthouse.html (600 words)

	Lighthouse of Alexandria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Pharos of Alexandria was a tower built in the 3rd century BC (between 285 and 247 BC) on the island of Pharos in Alexandria, Egypt to serve as that port's landmark, and later, its lighthouse.
		Use of the building as a lighthouse, with a fire and reflective mirrors at the top, is thought to date to around the 1st Century AD, during the Roman period.
		The Lighthouse is a late-Age structure buildable in Age of Mythology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pharos_of_Alexandria (1022 words)

	The Pharos (Lighthouse) of Alexandria
		~The dedicatory inscription on the Pharos (Lighthouse) of Alexandria
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria was the most recently built Wonder, having been built in 280 BCE by Sostratus of Cnidus on the island of Pharos.
		The Lighthouse of Alexandria serves as a model for present-day lighthouses (King 4).
	www.richeast.org /htwm/Greeks/wonders/pharos.html (427 words)

	Lighthouses
		The first documented lighthouse was the Lighthouse of Alexandria, built in 200 BC on the island of Pharos by the Egyptian Emperor Ptolemy.
		It is the oldest lighthouse in England and still stands in the Dover Castle grounds.
		Today, lighthouse lights are the equivalent of 20 million candles, lit by high pressure xenon lamps.
	www.didyouknow.cd /lighthouses.htm (203 words)

	Lighthouse of Alexandria \| Seven Wonders of the World \| Ancient Wonders (Site not responding. Last check: )
		On the ancient island Pharos, in the harbor of Alexandria, Egypt.
		Of the seven wonders of the world, there is only one remaining (Great Pyramid of Giza.) The Lighthouse of Alexandria was the last wonder to disappear.
		Pharos was the island the lighthouse was on and it quickly became the name of the lighthouse.
	www.kidzworld.com /site/p1691.htm (238 words)

	The Lighthouse of Alexandria (Site not responding. Last check: )
		he Lighthouse of Alexandria was built on the island of Pharos in 290 B.C. to help guide the many trade ships into the busy harbor of Alexandria.
		Because the cubit measurement varied from country to country this could mean that the lighthouse was from 450 to 600 feet tall.
		The lighthouse stood for 1,500 years, but like many other of the seven wonders, was destroyed by an earthquake in 1326.
	www.cob.montevallo.edu /HollonSE/lighthouse.html (278 words)

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