
	Where results make sense

Topic: Linacs

Related Topics

External beam radiotherapy

Radiotherapy

Thyratron

Cobalt

In the News (Mon 21 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	AccSys : About AccSys
		Founded in 1985 as a design and manufacturing company, AccSys specializes in the development, production, installation and servicing of low-cost compact ion linear accelerators (linacs) using radiofrequency quadrupole (RFQ) linac and drift-tube linac (DTL) technology.
		AccSys is dedicated to using this position of leadership to provide the highest quality and most reliable commercial ion linac systems to meet the needs of customers in medical, industrial and research applications.
		AccSys' skilled team of technical experts provides comprehensive customer support before, during and after an equipment purchase.
	www.accsys.com /about (181 words)

	CERN Hadron Linacs
		By 3 October the intensity out of the linac had been pushed up to its design intensity and on 6 October was used in a study session to inject into the original 800 MeV PS Booster (PSB).
		An 80 meter beam transport, partially in common with the ion Linac, carries the linac beam to the 1.4 GeV PSB.
		The history of the intensity from the linac over the years and the evolution of the intensity along the machine are illustrated.
	linac2.home.cern.ch /linac2/default.htm (951 words)

	Biomedical & Clinical Engineering Association of Ireland
		In medical linacs the charged particle is an electron, which is accelerated down a waveguide by an rf electric field which oscillates at typically 3000 MHz.
		This replacement of the front end of the linac with a PC allows for the possibility of networking the treatment machines to each other as well as to treatment planning workstations where the patient's treatment prescription is produced.
		Linacs are designed to provide delivery of a radiation dose accurately defined in terms of its energy, uniformity, distribution and duration.
	www.beai.org /radiationtherapy.html (1534 words)

	The American Society for Nondestructive Testing
		Linacs are also used in applications such as high energy computed tomography of specimens greater than 1 m thick and cargo container inspection.
		Giving credit to the first inventor of the RF linac is difficult because it is based on the work of many scientists dating all the way back to the 19th century.
		Linacs will continue to be an important part of the quality control process and as new markets and applications open up, users can expect to see more in everyday use.
	www.asnt.org /publications/materialseval/basics/feb98basics/feb98basics.htm (4315 words)

	RFD Linac Structure
		The drift tube lens electrodes are capacitively coupled to the longitudinal electric field of the linac, while the two-bladed drift tube support stems are inductively coupled to the transverse magnetic field of the linac.
		The beam bunches arrive at the centers of the gaps at the times when the electric fields are optimum for acceleration, and the beam bunches arrive at the centers of the drift tubes one half cycle later when the electric fields have reversed their directions and are suitable for focusing the beam.
		This new linac structure could be as revolutionary to accelerator technology as the conventional RFQ was on its introduction to the world in 1980.
	www.linac.com /hpg-0200.htm (1375 words)

	Energy recovery experiment could lead way to new accelerators
		Dave Douglas, an accelerator physicist with the Lab's Center for the Advanced Studies of Accelerators (CASA), and Andrew Hutton, the Accelerator Division's Director of Operations, first proposed this groundbreaking experiment, which was actively promoted and supported by the Accelerator Division and Lab management and was approved in July 2002 by the Program Advisory Committee.
		Energy recovery is the centerpiece of a new operation mode for recirculating linacs, where the high energy beam returns its energy for further acceleration of a 'fresh' batch of electrons," explains Alex Bogacz, a staff scientist with CASA and co-spokesman of the experiment.
		By March, the modest hardware changes to the accelerator will be made; technicians will have installed a chicane (series of four magnets) in the south linac (SL 22/23 region) designed to provide the slight phase delay as the beams circulate and recirculate, as well as the stands to accommodate them.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-04/djna-ere042303.php (797 words)

	Publications
		LinAcs deliver 90% of radiotherapy, and 70-80% of LinAc capacity is devoted to curative treatment as opposed to palliative radiation.
		The number of LinAcs arrived at, however, should take into account the fact that they are not in use for all of their planned working time and 5-20% of the time may be taken up by either planned or unplanned servicing.
		LinAc requirements and the timescale for their replacement are entirely predictable, and the underprovision and inequality of access can only be resolved by a planned rolling programme of machine replacement and building.
	www.rcr.ac.uk /index.asp?PageID=149&PublicationID=51 (5375 words)

	Scientists at Brookhaven contribute to the development of a better electron accelerator
		As a result, high-energy linacs are usually several meters long and can be up to several kilometers in length.
		The researchers were also able to overcome some of the challenges of using laser-driven linacs, such as making the electrons as monoenergetic, or equal in energy, as possible, and keeping them tightly bunched together.
		While laser linacs still need substantial development, STELLA's success in performing these tasks suggests that linacs could be much smaller and more affordable in the future, making them appropriate for radiation treatment areas in hospitals, for example.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-01/dnl-sab030304.php (1034 words)

	Linac Systems - Linear Accelerator Basics
		Linear Accelerators (linacs) are linear devices used to accelerate atomic and sub-atomic particles to high velocities.
		In rf linacs, very high electric and magnetic fields are produced by injecting rf energy from a powerful rf system, similar to a radar transmitter, into a confined region of space (cavity) bounded by conducting materials (usually copper) to keep the energy from radiating away (as in radio, television or radar transmissions).
		The particles to be accelerated are injected into the linac structure.
	www.linac.com /basics02.html (210 words)

	Cancer Technology
		The modern linear accelerator (also known as a “linac”), can deliver individually tailored doses of radiation to any area of the body designated by a doctor.
		The Cancer Center owns two matched top-of-the-line Varian 21Ex linacs with all the “bells and whistles.” Like most high-end linacs, our linacs each produce 2 different energy x-ray beams and 5 different electron energy beams to permit us to tailor the depth of penetration of the radiation to patients’ individual needs.
		When needed, our linacs can provide respiratory gaiting, rapidly cycling off and on during a single treatment sequence as patients’ movement from breathing moves a tumor into and out of precise alignment.
	www.maimonidesmed.org /body.cfm?id=75 (537 words)

	Accelerators
		Linear accelerators, or linacs, can perform the same function as cyclotrons, except that particles are accelerated along a straight path.
		Linacs were developed at LBNL during the 1950s.
		These technologies promise to accelerate electrons to the same speeds as conventional linacs, only in a much smaller space.
	www.doemedicalsciences.org /abt/sidebars/accelerators.shtml (238 words)

	CERN Courier - Hurricane Isabel gives accel - IOP Publishing - article
		The newly installed high-performance cryomodule in south linac zone 21 had operated in a quiet mode at an equivalent RF energy gain of 60 MeV, considerably higher than its operating voltage (approximately 40 MeV) before the Isabel shutdown.
		The linac RF appears at least comparable to its pre-Isabel capability, notwithstanding the four nonfunctional cavities in north linac zone 5.
		A single global phase adjustment allowed the electron beam to go through the entire linac complex, indicating that the RF phases were reproducible after the temperature cycle.
	cerncourier.com /main/article/44/1/25 (1627 words)

	Search:house in linacs - infospace.co.uk
		linacs had been delivered they had to be reassembled.
		linacs are required for Scotland, the location of these will need further debate.
		treatment machines (linacs) serving catchment populations is published at...
	msxml.infospace.com /_1_SIVTFD03Z97SFF__uk.drctuk/search/web/house%2Bin%2Blinacs/1/20/1/-/1/0/1/1/1/1?engineset=uk-only (339 words)

	Accelerator Form and Function : SLAC Virtual Visitor Center
		The longer a linac is, the higher the energy of the particles it can produce.
		Linacs are used in medicine as well as in physics research.
		As you might suspect, operating an accelerator as large as the linac at SLAC is a challenging task.
	www2.slac.stanford.edu /vvc/accelerator.html (204 words)

	Radiosurgery Systems Comparison
		An alternative to the Gamma Knife was developed in the mid 1980s and utilized the conventional linear accelerators (linac) that are commonplace in most large hospitals.
		Compared to the latter multi-purpose linacs, dedicated systems tend to be more carefully calibrated for spatial accuracy and optimized for radiosurgical efficiency.
		When treating brain tumors with linac radiosurgery, a metal head frame is attached to the patient's skull and used to precisely target the radiation beam.
	www.cksociety.org /PatientInfo/radiosurgery_stereotactic_technology_comparisons.asp (1516 words)

	Computational Accelerator Physics Grand Challenge: Need for Grand Challenge Scale Modeling
		Compared with present linac simulations, which typically utilize 10,000 to 100,000 particles, this corresponds to an increase of 3 to 4 orders of magnitude.
		Considering an accumulator with a circumference of roughly a tenth of a kilometer, this means that the particles that enter the ring at the beginning of the compression process travel a few hundred kilometers inside the ring before extraction and transport to the targets.
		Even with TFLOPS-performance hardware it will be necessary to develop special techniques beyond that used for high current linacs in order to have any hope of modeling an intense charged particle beam over a distance of a few hundred kilometers in a reasonable amount of computer time.
	t8web.lanl.gov /people/salman/capgca/needmod.html (2226 words)

	CERN Courier - Energy-recovering linacs beg - IOP Publishing - article
		On a path measuring exactly an integer multiple of the linac RF wavelength plus a half-wavelength, an ERL's accelerated beam travels through an experiment and re-enters the linac to yield back its energy, via the RF field, to the beam being accelerated.
		At 5 mA and 42 MeV, JLab's original SRF ERL was a small but much-higher-current cousin of CEBAF, the five-pass, 6 GeV recirculating linac that enables the laboratory's main mission of research in nuclear physics (CERN Courier December 2004 p22).
		The idea of an X-ray synchrotron light source based on ERLs was advocated in 1998 by G Kulipanov, N Vinokurov and A N Skrinsky at BINP, with their pioneering MARS proposal, and later by JLab's Geoffrey Krafft.
	www.cerncourier.com /main/article/45/5/26 (1774 words)

	Science@Berkeley Lab: The International Linear Collider \| Part 2: Bright Beams of Electrons and Positrons (Site not responding. Last check: )
		To achieve enough collisions — that is, to achieve sufficiently high luminosity — the ILC's opposed beams of energetic electrons and positrons must be composed of many tightly confined, closely spaced bunches of particles of nearly identical energy.
		In August 2004 the technology panel of the International Committee for Future Accelerators recommended using "cold," superconducting technology for the ILC's linacs, a decision that directly affects the necessary characteristics of the electron and positron beams.
		Conditioning these bunches is the job of the damping rings, one feeding the electron linac and one the positron linac.
	www.lbl.gov /Science-Articles/Archive/sabl/2005/March/04-ILC-pt2.html (1679 words)

	Robert L. Gluckstern
		CUMULATIVE BEAM BREAKUP IN RF LINACS, with R.K. Cooper and P.J. Channell, Particle Accelerators, 16, 125 (1985).
		ANALYTIC MODEL FOR HALO FORMATION IN HIGH CURRENT ION LINACS, Phys.
		STABILITY OF A UNIFORM-DENSITY BREATHING BEAM WITH CIRCULAR CROSS SECTION, R.L. Gluckstern, Wen-Hao Cheng and Huanchun Ye, Phys.
	www.physics.umd.edu /people/faculty/gluckstern.html (124 words)

	Energy Recovery Linacs as Synchrotron Radiation Sources
		The ultimate limitations on the quality of the electron beam, which are directly reflected in many of the most important characteristics of the SR beams arise from the physics of equilibrium processes fundamental to the operation of storage rings.
		It is possible to produce electron beams with superior characteristics for SR via photoinjector electron sources and high energy linacs; however, the energy consumption of such machines is prohibitive.
		This limitation can be overcome by the use of an Energy Recovery Linac (ERL), which involves configuring the electron beam path so as to use a superconducting linac as a de-accelerator of the electron beam after SR production, thereby recovering the beam energy for acceleration of new electrons.
	www.src.wisc.edu /meetings/SRI2001/abstracts/list/html/2001-02-23-Gruner.html (310 words)

	Introduction to the particle physics, different tpyes of collisions and accelerations: Etacude.com
		However, the beam is still accelerated by the presence of an electric field.
		Usually synchrotron design is a favorite choice over linacs because the beam can go around many times, picking up speed along the way, while linacs only accelerate the beams in one pass.
		Of course, nothing is provided free: Linacs are generally easier and cheaper to build, while synchrotrons can be very large (in terms of radii) and requires expensive, powerful magnets.
	sciencepark.etacude.com /particle/introduction3.php (434 words)

	Superconducting Beam Focusing Solenoid for LINACs, TRIUMF, Canada
		ACCEL Instruments GmbH has designed and built beam focusing solenoids with 2 different axial lengths for a LINAC.
		The magnets are for the ISAC-II Superconducting Linac at TRIUMF.
		The images show a cross-sectional view of the magnet assembly in its helium vessel, the main solenoid coil during production, and the finalised product.
	www.accel.de /News/superconducting_beam_focusing_solenoid.html (160 words)

	Cyclotron Summary
		To increase the energy of particles, the machine must be made longer and longer.
		For example, in order to build the two mile (3.2 km) linac at Stanford University in an exactly straight line, the engineers who designed it had to make sure it did not follow the Earth's curvature.
		Scientists were aware of this problem early on and looked for ways to deal with it.
	www.bookrags.com /Cyclotron (3319 words)

	Superconducting CW and near-CW linacs
		The reliable operation of superconducting RF technology for linacs has been demonstrated successfully at the existing TESLA Test Facility (TTF).
		However, there the focus has been on low-duty-factor, pulsed operation as planned for the TESLA Linear Collider.
		For the proposed CW linac-based light sources, a number of critical aspects of the superconducting linac must be resolved for these infrastructures to be technically realizable and to reduce the required investment and operating cost.
	www.eurofel.org /spanstylefontfamilyarialtimesseriffontsize130taskfont/task5/index_eng.html (83 words)

	Electron cloud effects in intense, ion beam linacs theory and experimental planning for heavy-ion fusion
		Electron cloud effects in intense, ion beam linacs theory and experimental planning for heavy-ion fusion
		Printing Tips: Select 'print as image' in the Acrobat print dialog if you have trouble printing.
		A.W. Molvik, R.H. Cohen, S.M. Lund, F.M. Bieniosek, E.P. Lee, L.R. Prost, P.A. Seidl, and Jean-Luc Vay, "Electron cloud effects in intense, ion beam linacs theory and experimental planning for heavy-ion fusion" (May 21, 2002).
	repositories.cdlib.org /lbnl/LBNL-51009 (101 words)

	Radiation Oncology Residency Program - Overview
		Between the Weinberg and the Green Spring Station facilities, the department has 5 linear accelerators, 2 stereotactic linear accelerator based units, a Gamma Knife, a Helical Tomotherapy Unit, HDR brachytherapy (including a shielded OR for intraoperative HDR treatment), two CT-simulators (including a large-bore helical scanner) and a fluoroscopic simulator housed in nearly 30,000 square feet.
		The LINACs are fitted with multileaf collimators and electronic portal imaging capability.
		Laboratory space is located in the Cancer Research Building across the street from the Weinberg Building, with a second research building under construction.
	www.radonc.jhmi.edu /education/residency_prog_desc.html (1160 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)