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Topic: Line of Actual Control

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	CalendarHome.com - Line of Control - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Line of Control (LOC) (also known as the Line of Actual Control) is a line which demarcates the artificial boundary between the territories controlled by two militaries or political entities.
		Originally known as the "Ceasefire Line", it was redesignated the "Line of Control" after the Simla Agreement, which was formalized in December 1971.
		The cease-fire line between the Republic of India and the People's Republic of China in the Aksai Chin is known as the "Line of Actual Control" (LAC).
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Line_of_Control (482 words)

	rediff.com Special Series: 40 years after the Sino-Indian 1962 war
		This was because a traditional customary boundary line had long taken shape on the basis of the extent of each side's administrative jurisdiction in the long course of peaceful existence.
		The LAC referred to coincided with the traditional boundary in the western and middle sectors except for the parts of Chinese territory that India had invaded and occupied; in the eastern sector, it coincided with the illegal McMahon Line except for Khinzemane, which was then still under Indian occupation.
		In the eastern sector, the counter-attack of self-defence was launched in the area of Chinese territory north of the traditional boundary, but the Chinese frontier guards were ready to withdraw from their positions to the line of actual control, that is, 20km north of the McMahon Line.
	www.rediff.com /news/2002/dec/20chin.htm (2708 words)

	Surge Control
		The control line is positioned to the right of the surge line which provides a safety margin for the surge controller PI (Proportional and Integral) algorithm.
		The PI control loop is used to compare the control set point to the operating point of the compressor and provides an output to the surge valve to prevent the flow from decreasing below the control line.
		Under normal operating conditions, PI control is used and surge control action is initiated at the control line by opening the surge valve as required to maintain forward flow through the compressor.
	www.dresser-rand.com /controls/sc0498.htm (1562 words)

	interdisciplines : What Do Mirror Neurons Mean? : The shared circuits model. How control, mirroring, and simulation can ...
		The model starts from dynamic on-line control with feedback, which establishes an instrumental association between system outputs and their results: a control system produces outputs that are means to a targeted result.
		Control functions can be speeded and smoothed by adding predictive simulations to the comparator system: instrumental output-result associations can be activated predictively, simulating the effects of certain outputs for informational purposes (as in efference copy, or forward models).
		Animals suitably equipped with control functions by evolution and development could form chains of simulative predictions, resulting in information such as: this tail movement will have that effect on weight over legs, facilitating that movement trajectory in relation to that gazelle, and so on, with eating the prey further on in the predictive chain.
	www.interdisciplines.org /mirror/papers/5/6/1 (6537 words)

	Quality Control Charts
		In both line charts, the horizontal axis represents the different samples; the vertical axis for the X-bar chart represents the means for the characteristic of interest; the vertical axis for the R chart represents the ranges.
		For attribute control charts (C, U, Np, or P charts), the estimate of the variability of the process (proportion, rate, etc.) is a function of the process average (average proportion, rate, etc.; for example, the standard deviation of a proportion p is equal to the square root of p*(1- p)/n).
		The control limits can then be expressed in straight lines, while the location of the sample points in the plot depend not only on the characteristic to be controlled, but also on the respective sample n's.
	www.statsoft.com /textbook/stquacon.html (4479 words)

	DAWN - Features; 22 February, 2005
		The cease fire line was drawn and the United Nations Military Observers Group for India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) was inducted to ensure the observance of cease fire on both sides of the divide.
		The cease fire line was re-designated as the Line of Control (LoC).
		This was a sort of armistice to end the state of war on the one hand and accept, in principle, the bilateral status of the dispute 'without prejudice to the recognized positions' of the two parties to the dispute.
	dawn.com /2005/02/22/fea.htm (733 words)

	Inventory Control: Improving the Bottom Line
		In actual practice the vast majority of manufacturing and distribution companies suffer from lower customer service, higher costs and excessive inventories than are necessary.
		Physical inventory control is a phrase that describes the receiving, movement, stocking and overall physical control of inventories.
		The effectiveness of inventory control is directly measurable by how successful a company is in providing high levels of customer service, low inventory investment, maximum throughput and low costs.
	www.rmdonovan.com /inventory_control.htm (702 words)

	Stimson - 1993 Sino-Indian CBM Agreement
		In case personnel of one side cross the line of actual control, upon being cautioned by the other side, they shall immediately pull back to their own side of the line of actual control.
		The two sides agree to reduce their military forces along the line of actual control in conformity with the requirements of the principle of mutual and equal security to ceilings to be mutually agreed.
		The experts shall advise the Joint Working Group on the resolution of differences between the two sides on the alignment of the line of actual control and address issues relating to redeployment with a view to reduction of military forces in the areas along the line of actual control.
	www.stimson.org /?sn=sa20020114287 (762 words)

	China
		During the course of foreign policy implementation and national defence construction, China attaches importance to the active role of arms control and disarmament, holding that arms control and disarmament are conducive to reducing and eliminating the danger of war and increasing factors for international peace and security.
		It is necessary at all stages of the arms control and disarmament process to ensure all nations from sustaining damage to their security.
		The implementation of international arms control and disarmament must not impair the independence and sovereignty of any nation, entail the use of force or the threat of force, or interfere with the internal affairs of any nation.
	www.nti.org /db/china/engdocs/whteppr.htm (6637 words)

	The Control Chart
		Control charts are generally used in a production or manufacturing environment and are used to control, monitor and IMPROVE a process.
		The purpose of drawing a control chart is to detect any changes in the process that would be evident by any abnormal points listed on the graph from the data collected.
		The use of control charts is called "process control." In reality, however, a trend will develop that indicates the process is leading away from the center line, and corrective action is usually taken prior to a point exceeding one of the control limits.
	www.qualityspctools.com /control.html (2344 words)

	Control-line Model Airplanes
		Use the innermost hole on the bellcrank, a tall control horn, and a large bellcrank, so everything is set up to require the most movement of the handle to get from full up to full down.
		PIO is exacerbated by sensitive controls; reduce the sensitivity to reduce the severity of oscillation onset.
		Most of us as young control liners figured that "more was better"; thus we put the pushrod in the hole furthest from the bellcrank and positioned it on the elevator such that we virtually created an airbrake from the extreme deflection of the control surface.
	www.luminet.net /~bkuhl/control.htm (1219 words)

	Defenceindia : India/China : Agreement Between the Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the ...
		No armed forces deployed by either side in the border areas along the line of actual control as part of their respective military strength shall be used to attack the other side, or engage in military activities that threaten the other side or undermine peace, tranquillity and stability in the India-China border areas.
		(3) While conducting exercises with live ammunition in areas close to the line of actual control, precaution shall be taken to ensure that a bullet or a missile does not accidentally fall on the other side across the line of actual control and causes harm to the personnel or property of the other side.
		(1) Should the personnel of one side cross the line of actual control and enter the other side because of unavoidable circumstances like natural disasters, the other side shall extend all possible assistance to them and inform their side, as soon as possible regarding the forced or inadvertent entry across the line of actual control.
	www.defenceindia.com /def_common/agreement_govt_india_china.html (1886 words)

	Control
		When we feel out of control, we experience a powerful and uncomfortable tension between the need for control and the evidence of inadequate control.
		From an evolutionary standpoint, if we are in control of our environment, then we have a far better chance of survival.
		When our parents or our managers are controlling us, we can still be happy because we trust them to provide the control we seek in our lives.
	changingminds.org /explanations/needs/control.htm (1077 words)

	DAWN - Features; 22 February, 2005
		The cease fire line was drawn and the United Nations Military Observers Group for India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) was inducted to ensure the observance of cease fire on both sides of the divide.
		The cease fire line was re-designated as the Line of Control (LoC).
		This was a sort of armistice to end the state of war on the one hand and accept, in principle, the bilateral status of the dispute 'without prejudice to the recognized positions' of the two parties to the dispute.
	www.dawn.com /2005/02/22/fea.htm (733 words)

	Control
		In the context of this problem, the term "control" refers to the systematic numerical strategy or algorithm which is used to command or actuate the two onboard motors in order to attain and/or maintain the desired motion of the wheelchair.
		The consequence of implementing the control should be "robust"; that is, it should result in a stable, smooth recovery of the desired output sequence despite reasonable, temporary disturbances, despite departures from the path, and/or despite errors in the system model.
		While it is true that the control law is determined based on geometric and kinematic considerations only, the closed-loop behavior of the full system which results from the application of this control law is inextricably tied to kinetics.
	www.nd.edu /~sskaar/Control.html (946 words)

	China's Endeavors for Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation
		The right of all countries to equal participation in international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation affairs should be guaranteed and the international process of arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation promoted on the basis of no dero-gation of the security of all countries.
		In handling affairs related to international arms control, disarmament and nonproliferation, the Chinese Government always bases its policy-making on the judgment whether it serves to safeguard national sovereignty and security, whether it serves to maintain global strategic stability and whether it serves to promote security for all and mutual trust among countries.
		In April 2005, the two countries signed the Protocol on Modalities for the Implementation of Confidence-Building Measures in the Military Field Along the Line of Actual Control in the China-India Border Areas, which is an agreement on the concrete implementing approaches of relevant clauses in the Agreement signed in 1996.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/china/doctrine/armscontrol.html (10163 words)

	Control LIne History
		His system of controlling the model airplane was shown to Jim Walker in the later part of the 1930's.
		The later produced Firebaby, was the first Control Line RTF "Ready to Fly" model.
		With the development of the glow engine, the hobby of "Control Line" or "U-Control" was born.
	www.aeromaniacs.com /historyofcl.htm (868 words)

	Air Pollution Control Specs
		Once a decision has been reached to purchase an air pollution control system, the company should select several experienced vendors and provide them with specific design specifications and details that can be used as a basis for preparing formal proposals.
		The fuel type available (natural gas, propane, etc.) and the line pressure are used to determine the burner and fuel train design.
		The actual location determines whether a concrete equipment pad or steel support structure is required.
	pffc-online.com /mag/paper_air_pollution_control (941 words)

	Out of Control - CSO Magazine - August 2004
		For years, distributed control systems and SCADA systems (see "Talk to Your Plants," right, for the difference) were designed with proprietary technology, and were physically and technologically isolated from the corporate networks that run standard IT applications.
		Control system communications used to be proprietary; that changed when those systems began getting hooked up to enterprise networks and the Web.
		While three years ago an astute controls engineer would have been hard pressed to tap a body of knowledge germane to industrial control security, today there are significant efforts among standards organizations, automation system vendors, and vertical industry groups to make available best practices for the industry.
	www.csoonline.com /read/080104/control.html (3892 words)

	[No title]
		During the 8th round of border talks on November '87, it was decided to upgrade the talks from the bureaucratic to the political level.
		It was decided to pull back from respective forward check posts in the S-C valley from a situation of "close confrontation" and in 1994, the Indian MEA described the situation as one of "close proximity" where the respective posts were 50-100 yards apart [16].
		While an exchange of maps of the LAC would be an essential step towards the avoidance of such incidents, and eventually to a resolution of the boundary dispute, there has been a marked Chinese reluctance to comply with this, even after several years into the multi-level border talks [22].
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/69-23094.aspx (2043 words)

	China makes great efforts to control arms
		This white paper, "China's Endeavours for Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation," is published to fully elaborate on the Chinese Government's policies and positions on arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation and to give a systematic account of China's involvement in the international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation affairs.
		The right of all countries to equal participation in international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation affairs should be guaranteed and the international process of arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation promoted on the basis of no derogation of the security of all countries.
		In handling affairs related to international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation, the Chinese Government always bases its policy-making on the judgment whether it serves to safeguard national sovereignty and security, whether it serves to maintain global strategic stability and whether it serves to promote security for all and mutual trust among countries.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /english/doc/2005-09/02/content_474440.htm (8654 words)

	Arms Control Association: Arms Control Today: Nuclear India at the Crossroads
		U.S. intervention has reduced the likelihood of an actual war, but its propensity to intervene in the continual conflicts of the region has enabled India and Pakistan to employ a novel strategy: the generation of crises to invite U.S. intervention and put its adversary under pressure.
		On the contrary, it might actually be a hindrance to stability in the region.
		A positive aspect is that arms control is likely to be much easier to accomplish, unburdened by the operational minutiae that dogged negotiators during the Cold War.
	www.armscontrol.org /act/2003_09/Basrur.asp (3651 words)

	History Sino India War - History Of Ancient, Medieval And Modern India.
		The British claimed the McMahon Line, drawn up during the Simla Conference of 1914 and agreed to by the Tibetans.
		At times, each side accused the other of having moved troops into 'their' side of the border as each side tried to extend its line of actual control.
		Neither the Indian nor the PRC government appear very interested in disturbing the status quo, and the disputed boundary, called by Indians the Line of Actual Control or the McMahon Line, does not currently appear to be a possible major flashpoint.
	www.bharatadesam.com /history/sino_india_war.php (1247 words)

	India-Pakistan: Recent Military Encounters on the Line of Control (27 August 2002)
		The Gultari area, facing Drass and Kargil, is on the Indian side of the Line of Control (LoC).
		Moreover, post-1971, the Line of Control is not only a cease-fire-line but a Line of (Actual) Control, a temporary status which should ultimately lead, according to most analysts, to the conversion of the LoC into a formal international border between the two estranged neighbours.
		During the previous winter, Pakistan's Army had taken positions way beyond the demarcated Line of Control into the Indian side of Kashmir, provoking India, in spring, to repulse the intruders.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/india/threat/loc082702.html (902 words)

	Control Line Equations
		When the kite is in cruising flight you will notice that the control line produces a gentle curve from the hand of the flyer to the kite as the line sags under its own weight.
		The kite is subjected to four main forces; the lift L, the drag D, the weight W, and the tension T in the control line.
		The control line has a certain length s and the weight of the control line is evenly distributed along the length at p weight per length of line.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/K-12/airplane/kitesag.html (925 words)

	Cobb County Animal Control
		Cobb County Animal Control averages 31,000 phone calls from the public and return calls to the public each month.
		The web On-Line Complaint form is a great way to get your complaint to Animal Control during times of the day when calls to the Animal Control at at their peak or after hours.
		The On-Line Complaint forms are checked throughout the day Monday - Friday and you should receive a reply with what action Animal Control will be taking on your complaint.
	animalcontrol.cobbcountyga.gov /complaints.htm (170 words)

	India wary as China steps over the thin red line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The intrusions continued on specific points in the western sector (Ladakh) of the Line of Actual Control till late 2000.
		The ITBP is the first line of defence in the Ladakh sector.
		The troops have to be either heli-dropped or walk to their posts in inclement weather causing huge logistics problems, sources said.
	www.hvk.org /articles/0201/54.html (543 words)

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