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Topic: Lingual nerve

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	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It penetrates the mandibular foramen and is the sensory nerve for the mandible and all mandibular teeth.
		The inferior alveolar nerve is a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.
		The lingual nerve is a branch of V3, the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~benwei/cgi-data/shared/linked/Oral(PQ).doc (6332 words)

	Patrick K. Sullivan - Cosmetic and Reconstructive Surgery in Providence, Rhode Island by a Board Certified Surgeon
		Nerves: With the exception of the autonomic plexus to the submandibular gland, all the nerves were found external to the submandibular capsule which encircles the gland.
		The lingual nerve is located cephalad-medial to deep lobe; the submandibular duct crosses behind the lingual nerve near the mylohyoid border.
		Lingual nerve crossing anterior to the submandibular duct underneath the border of the mandible.
	www.drsullivan.com /submandibular_article.html (2220 words)

	Changing oral surgery [Dec 1996; 34-4]
		One of the nerves to the tongue is reported to be subject to temporary damage in 0% to 25% of operations in 18 reports [1], and permanent damage (undefined) in 0% to 2% of operations.
		One particular operative technique using a tool called a Howarth's elevator is intended to protect the lingual tissues and nerves in lower third molar removal, but there was concern that it might be responsible for higher rates of lingual nerve injury.
		The incidence of lingual nerve disturbance was much higher in the operations using the Howarth's elevator.
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/band34/b34-4.html (736 words)

	IX. Neurology. 5l. The Hypoglossal Nerve. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The rootlets of this nerve are collected into two bundles, which perforate the dura mater separately, opposite the hypoglossal canal in the occipital bone, and unite together after their passage through it; in some cases the canal is divided into two by a small bony spicule.
		The nerve descends almost vertically to a point corresponding with the angle of the mandible.
		Of these branches, the meningeal, descending, thyrohyoid, and the muscular twig to the Geniohyoideus, are probably derived mainly from the branch which passes from the loop between the first and second cervical to join the hypoglossal (Fig.
	www.bartleby.com /107/207.html (590 words)

	July 1999 CDA Journal, Copyright 1999 Journal of the California Dental Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It is possible that some of the cases where the nerve involvement has been attributed to a surgical procedure may in fact have the local anesthetic injection as the etiological factor; but this could never be determined, and the nerve involvement has been ascribed to the surgical procedure.
		During the time span of this study, the authors' criteria stated that nerve surgery was offered to anyone with less than 30 percent of residual feeling (tested with Von Frey's hairs, two-point discrimination, and Minnesota thermal discs) and to those patients with dysesthesia that was materially affecting their quality of life.
		Of the seven cases related to periodontal surgery, five were lingual nerve involvement related to the distal wedge procedure, and two were a mental nerve related to a crown lengthening procedure (one carried out by a periodontist and one by an endodontist).
	www.cda.org /cda_member/pubs/journal/jour799/sensatio.html (2581 words)

	Facial Nerve (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The greater petrosal nerve leaves the internal auditory meatus via the hiatus of the greater petrosal nerve which is found on the anterior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone in the middle cranial fossa.
		The greater petrosal nerve exits the canal with the deep petrosal nerve and synapses in the pterygopalatine ganglion in the pterygopalatine fossa.
		They travel with lingual nerve prior to synapsing in the submandibular ganglion which is located in the lateral floor of the oral cavity.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/MedEd/GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cn7.htm (525 words)

	Axons in the lingual nerve of the mouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Diameter of Axons in the Lingual Nerve of the Mouse.
		Afferent components of the lingual nerve innervate mucous membranes of the mouth, the lingual gingiva, and the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
		Sections of lingual nerve, approximately 1 cm in length, were dissected from ten adult mice perfused through the heart with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 2% paraformaldehyde in phosphate buffer 0.1 M (pH 7.4).
	www.forp.usp.br /bdj/t0472.html (1142 words)

	Nerves of the Head and Neck (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the chorda tympani (accompanying the lingual nerve from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve)
		tympanic nerve to the tympanic plexus and lesser petrosal nerve, carotid sinus nerve, stylopharyngeus brs., pharyngeal brs.
		lingual nerve is joined by the chorda tympani (taste and preganglionic parasympathetic) from the facial nerve in the infratemporal fossa; the submandibular ganglion hangs from the lingual nerve in the paralingual space
	www.cavitybusters.com /nerves_of_the_head_and_neck.htm (3375 words)

	Cranial Nerves Part II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.
		Postganglionic neurons are located in the pterygopalatine ganglion, and travel via the zygomatic branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve to reach the lacrimal branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve.
		Four of the cranial nerves are responsible for the autonomic innervation of the head and neck: CN III, VII, IX, and X. All he is saying is that these cranial nerves are involved in the parasympathetic system.
	www.georgetown.edu /users/rgk8/neuronr8.htm (2720 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		(M922)Mandibular division of trigeminal n: Nerve to the mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric muscleNerve to mylohyoid and ant.
		It is sensory to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue (chorda tympani), the floor of the mouth, and the lingual gingivae.
		N41Mandibular division of trigeminal n: Auriculotemporal nerve with its parasympathetic componentEncircles the middle meningeal artery (N41) and divides into numerous branches, the largest of which passes posteriorly, medial to the neck of the mandible, and supplies sensory fibers to the auricle and temporal region.
	www.med.unc.edu /wms/firstaid/ga4-36and37cards-02.doc (495 words)

	[No title]
		lingual gingiva opposite the 2nd upper molar: greater palatine nerve.
		Posterior superior alveolar nerve (branch of maxillary division of trigeminal) ---> geniculate ganglion (location of sensory cell bodies) ---> mandibular division of trigeminal nerve ---> auriculotemporal nerve ---> ear Trace the pathway of blood from the aorta to the left lower first molar and and then to the left retromandibular vein.
		The nasopalatine nerve is a branch of the ophthalmic division of trigeminal.
	www.uhmc.sunysb.edu /anatomy/HBA521oldexams/dexam498.doc (1964 words)

	mvch12
		The facial nerve gives branches to the sub-maxillary and sub-lingual glands from the chorda tympani which accompanies the lingual branch of the fifth nerve." The branches of the parotid arise from the tympanic branch of the glosso-pharyngeal nerve (dog).
		These areas of tenderness correspond to the 6th and 7th dorsal nerves which may be vibrated at their vertebral exits between the 6th and 7th and 7th and 8th dorsal vertebrae with the ball vibratode.
		(Arnold.) The nerves of the prostate gland are from the hypo-gastric plexus.
	www.meridianinstitute.com /eamt/files/snow/mvch12.htm (9987 words)

	References
		Anatomic position of the lingual nerve in the mandibular third molar region with special consideration of an atrophied mandibular crest: an anatomical study.
		Lundborg G, Rydevik B. Effects of stretching the tibial nerve of the rabbit: a preliminary study of intraneural circulation and the barrier function of the perineurium.
		Assessment of the lingual nerve in the third molar region using magnetic resonance imaging.
	www.medscape.com /content/2003/00/46/20/462066/462066_ref.html (994 words)

	Meyer v. United States 464 F. Supp. 317 (D. Colo. 1979) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		She was advised that the loss of sensation and numbness could dissipate in eighteen months, and failure to do so might mean permanent loss of lingual sensation to the right side of the mouth and, in that event, she should consult a lawyer.
		Plaintiff related that her injury as a result of nerve damage manifests itself in her inability to taste bland foods, lack of taste differentiation on the right side of the tongue, numbness to this area and to the right gum, and a tendency to stutter.
		While the testimony is in conflict, we find (a) that plaintiff was informed that as a result of the extractions there was a possibility of damage to the nerves that were proximately located in the area of the molars and roots, and (b) she fully and voluntarily consented to the extraction and medical procedure.
	www.law.harvard.edu /publications/evidenceiii/cases/meyer.htm (1252 words)

	Submandibular Region, Nasal & Oral Cavities - Dissector Answers
		mylohyoid nerve [from inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V
		The maxillary division reaches all of the upper teeth and gingiva via its posterior superior alveolar nerve (to molars) and its middle superior alveolar (premolars) and anterior superior alveolar (canine and incisors) branches of the infraorbital nerve.
		Nerve supply: Olfactory epithelium, containing olfactory nerves, is found in and near the roof.
	anatomy.med.umich.edu /head/submand_ans.html (2158 words)

	DARE abstract20011157 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Lingual nerve injury occurred in 9.6, 6.4 and 0.6% of the pooled LS, BA+ and BA- procedures, respectively.
		The use of a lingual nerve retractor during third molar surgery was associated with an increased incidence of temporary nerve damage.
		The lingual nerve retractor was neither protective nor detrimental with respect to the incidence of permanent nerve damage.
	nhscrd.york.ac.uk /online/dare/20011157.htm (1113 words)

	Lingual nerve injury subsequent to wisdom teeth removal - a 5-year retrospective audit from a high street dental ...
		Lingual nerve damage subsequent to lower wisdom tooth removal affects a small number of patients, sometimes producing permanent sensory loss or impairment.
		The authors would consider that to compare nerve injury rates with a technique which is only performed under general anaesthesia (the lingual split technique) is not appropriate when considering the management of impacted wisdom teeth in a 'high street' practice, if for no other reason than general anaesthesia not being available in dental practices.
		Lingual tissue was retracted only to expose the occlusal aspect of the tooth or the superior aspect of mandibular bone covering the tooth or the crest of the lingual plate.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/bdj/journal/v193/n4/full/4801523a.html (1801 words)

	Oral Neuroscience
		The inferior alveolar and lingual nerves are most frequently damaged during lower third molar removal, but may also suffer injury during surgery for facial deformity or as a result of facial fractures.
		Clinically, delay prior to lingual nerve repair is essential as, in the early stages after injury, it is not possible to distinguish between anaesthesia resulting from a crush injury (which will not require intervention) and that resulting from a section injury (which requires repair).
		The incidence of lingual nerve injuries during third molar surgery in the UK is significantly higher than in other parts of Europe and in the USA.
	www.shef.ac.uk /sheffield/jsp/polopoly.jsp?a=21843&d=1233 (873 words)

	THE THROAT: Palate, tonsils, and pharangeal wall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The bulk of the nerve is in the sensory root(general somatic afferents), which yield several branches you should be able to recognize: infe4rior alveolar nerve, lingual nerve, long buccal nerve and auricolotemporal nerve.
		of the tongue and its parasympathetic preganglionic fibers pass though the lingual nerve to synapse in the submandibular ganglion(remember, it’s a 2-way street).
		III)A final accesory contribution to mastication is provided by the muscles of the tongue which can push food from the interior of the oral cavity back into the dental arches for chewing while moving food back to the entrance of the oropharynx for deglutition.
	www.dent.ucla.edu /ftp/classes/2006/ITF.htm (1514 words)

	NeuropathicPain1
		The nerves had been damaged during lower third molar removal and the specimens were obtained at the time of nerve repair.
		The diagnosis of varicose veins compressing the sciatic nerve was confirmed during surgical exposure in two patients in whom decompression of the nerve resulted in complete and permanent pain relief whereas in the remaining patient, pain was reduced by carbamazepine treatment.
		In peripheral nerves, the expression of the 3 subunit as a ratio between the area immunostained by the 3 antibody to the area stained by a neurofilament antibody was significantly increased in nerves with short (< 3 weeks) (P=0.025) and long delay (P=0.027) after injury, in comparison with control nerves.
	www.painstudy.ru /10wcp/neuropathic1.htm (4374 words)

	Dental Malpractice Attorneys - Dental Malpractice Lawyers Oregon - Dental Negligence Law Firm Portland
		Some types of injuries caused by dental negligence include permanent or temporary nerve and/or structural injuries to the tongue, jaw, chin and lips including lingual nerve injury (tongue), inferior alveolar nerve damage (lips, chin and jaw), numbness, loss of taste sensation and even death.
		To a large degree the Board's ability to "protect the public health and safety" is dependent upon the willingness of patients and other licensees to contact the Board regarding concerns of potential unacceptable patient care or unprofessional conduct.
		Disclaimer: The dental malpractice, dentist mistake, dental negligence, lingual nerve injury, inferior alveolar nerve damage, medical malpractice or other legal information presented at this site should not be construed to be formal legal advice, nor the formation of a lawyer or attorney-client relationship.
	www.paulsonlawfirm.com /practice/dental.shtml (525 words)

	The Dentalaw Group Dental Malpractice Resource Injury from a Dentist Lawyers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Plaintiff was a 36 year old office worker who underwent the surgical removal of her asymptomatic erupted lower right wisdom tooth by the defendant general dentist, during the course of which surgery her lingual nerve was transected, leaving her with a permanent right lingual nerve numbness and right-sided taste disturbance.
		The dentist’s records made no reference to the transection of the nerve by the bur and he never told this to the patient.
		Nearly a year after the extraction the plaintiff saw an oral surgeon who told her that her nerve injury was probably caused by the anesthetic injection.
	www.dentalaw.com /news/lingual.html (255 words)

	Trigeminal Ganglion Axons Are Repelled By Their Presumptive Targets -- Rochlin and Farbman 18 (17): 6840 -- Journal of ...
		The mandibular nerve axons are still mostly bundled deep in the mesenchyme, although the pioneers of the major nerves (H) are beginning to segregate from the main nerve trunk.
		E15: H, Chorda tympani axons and lingual nerve axons combine (ln, ct) and continue to infiltrate the tongue, but both sets of axons appear to be restricted away from the midline.
		The lingual nerve afferents initially turn anteriorly and then grow radially toward the lateral tongue epithelia, which is consistent with a role for these diffusible cues in governing the distribution of lingual nerve afferents during development.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/18/17/6840 (8194 words)

	Dentistry On-Line Maxillo-facial Surgery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		I have lingual nerve damage from a wisdom tooth extraction which has resulted in parastegia to the tongue and inner gum.
		The incidence of lingual nerve damage following third molar surgery ranges from 0.6% to 22%, although this may reduce to about 0.6% at 1 year indicating neuropraxia as the mechanism of injury rather than neurontomesis (Carmichael and McGowan).
		The method of repair mentioned in the question is by taking a section of sural nerve from the lower leg (a sensory nerve) via a skin incision on the outer aspect of the lower leg and suturing this graft by epineural sutures between the divided ends of the transected nerve.
	www.priory.com /den/denmax.htm (494 words)

	MPS - UK Casebook 2004 (3) - August - Lingual nerve damaged (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Dr J formally tested and documented this numbness, loss of taste sensation and speech difficulty, believing it to be a transient phenomenon due to stretching of the lingual nerve, which would settle.
		Expert ENT advice remarked that lingual nerve damage was an accepted complication of this type of surgery, with an estimated incidence of permanent damage of about 3%.
		Regardless of the merits of Dr Jâs technique, his failure to discuss and document permanent lingual nerve damage as a potential complication of the procedure hampered any defence.
	www.medicalprotection.org /medical/united_kingdom/publications/casebook/2004_3_lingual.aspx (599 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		To the 3rd molar tooth Chorda tympani nerve Branch of the CN VII Carries taste fibers from the ant.
		Postsynaptic fibers are secretory to the parotid gland and pass to the parotid through the auriculotemporal nerve.
		942 Hypoglossal nerve CN XII — supplies all the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (supplied by the pharyngeal plexus from cranial root of CN XI and carried by CN X) Lingual nerve — general sensation (touch and temperature) to the mucosa of the ant.
	www.med.unc.edu /wms/firstaid/ga4-session36-37-02.doc (489 words)

	PakMediNet - View Abstract
		A prospective study was carried out on seven hundred and seventy five surgically removed third molars and the effects of operators, assistants, lingual flap elevation, bone removal, sectioning of tooth, the instruments used (bur, chisel and osteotome) and suturing were studied.
		The incidence of lingual nerve damage was determined as 5 %.
		The study suggests that though the incidence of lingual nerve damage is lower than shown by other researchers the danger of lingual nerve damage exists as a significant risk in the third molar surgery.
	www.pakmedinet.com /view.php?id=3664 (275 words)

	Low-Threshold Mechanoreceptive Afferents in the Human Lingual Nerve -- Trulsson and Essick 77 (2): 737 -- Journal of ...
		Low-Threshold Mechanoreceptive Afferents in the Human Lingual Nerve -- Trulsson and Essick 77 (2): 737 -- Journal of Neurophysiology
		Low-threshold mechanoreceptive afferents in the human lingual nerve.
		The innervation territories of nine nerve fascicles were mapped
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/77/2/737 (386 words)

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