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Topic: Lipid peroxidation

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Superoxide dismutase

Antioxidant

Redox

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Ischemia

Ionizing radiation

	Introduction to lipid peroxidation
		Oxygen-dependent deterioration of lipids, known as rancidity, has been noticed since antiquity as a major problem in the storage of oils (mainly olive oil) but was also considered useful as far back as the 15th century in preparing siccative oil paints and printing inks.
		The first studies of this lipid oxidation problem was those of the Swiss chemist Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure who observed around 1800, using a simple mercury manometer, that a layer of walnut oil exposed to air was able to absorb about 150 times its own volume of oxygen during a one year period.
		Lipid hydroperoxides are non-radical intermediates derived from unsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids, glycolipids, cholesterol esters and cholesterol itself.
	www.cyberlipid.org /perox/oxid0002.htm (973 words)

	Lipid peroxidation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lipid peroxidation refers to the oxidative degradation of lipids.
		It is the process whereby free radicals `steal' electrons from the lipids in cell membranes, resulting in cell damage.
		This too is an unstable species that reacts with another free fatty acid producing a different fatty acid radical and a hydrogen peroxide or a cyclic peroxide if it had reacted with itself.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lipid_peroxidation (307 words)

	Restpratove effect of Vit E supplementation on hepatic lipid peroxidation and lipid profile changes induced by ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Also, changes in lipid peroxidation and lipid profile were assessed by measuring the level of malonyldialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides, and conjugated dienes.
		As lipids are prone to oxidation of unsaturated bonds, it is perhaps reasonable to advocate lipid peroxidation as a significant event in the development of membrane damage [3].
		Peroxidative damage to the liver was also measured by the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) using the thiobarbituric acid method described previously [12], using MDA-bis-dimethyl acetal (Aldrich Chem., Milwaukee, Wi) as a standard.
	ibj.pasteur.ac.ir /Ibj12/ardestani.htm (1951 words)

	Kidney Cancer May Be Due To Lipid Peroxidation
		Lipid peroxidation, which is increased in obese and hypertensive subjects, may be partially responsible for the increased risk of renal cell carcinoma in these individuals.
		Lipid peroxidation also increased in the kidney cells of rodents after testosterone treatment or oophorectomy.
		In experimental animals, lipid peroxidation of the proximal renal tubules is a necessary mechanistic pathway in renal carcinogenesis induced by several different chemicals.
	www.personalmd.com /news/n0605083054.shtml (279 words)

	CardioPhase - Protective Effect of CardioPhase on Lipid Peroxidation Related to Myocardial Necrosis
		Lipid peroxidation arising from ischemia has been implicated in myocardial membrane damage and cell death.
		In the present study we establish a model of rat myocardial necrosis to assess the therapeutic effects of CardioPhase on lipid peroxidation and myocardial enzymes.
		The determination of lipid peroxide in human or animal’s blood serum or tissues.
	www.puretango.com /library/CP.antilipid.html (1081 words)

	Antioxidants, Hypoxia, and Lipid Peroxidation Involvement in Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites)
		Lipid peroxidation depicted schematically in Figure 1B, might be likened to a chain reaction in that radical-mediated oxidation of one lipid may trigger subsequent reactions (Horton and Fairhurst, 1987).
		Because unsaturated lipids are more susceptible to oxidation than are saturated ones, the combination of lower mitochondrial GSH needed to protect membranes, and increased unsaturation of mitochondrial lipids, could predispose thyroid hormone-treated animals to lipid peroxidation.
		Glutathione correlates with lipid peroxidation in liver mitochondria of triiodothyronineinjected hypophysectomized rats.
	www.novusint.com /Public/Library/TechPaper.asp?ID=8 (4430 words)

	Laboratory of John Termini
		Peroxyl radicals are the primary free radical intermediate of lipid peroxidation, a chain reaction which propagates through cellular membranes during conditions of oxidative stress.
		Thus lipid peroxidation induced DNA damage is a dynamic competition between the oxidation reactions of peroxyl radicals and base alkylation by aldehydes.
		These observations imply that the levels of nuclear lipid peroxidation, and subsequent DNA damage, can be controlled by varying the fatty acid composition of the membrane.
	www.cityofhope.org /terminilab/lipid.asp (444 words)

	Lipids in Health and Disease \| Full text \| The effects of antioxidant vitamin supplementation on resistance exercise ...
		The damage to lipid membranes, otherwise known as lipid peroxidation is defined as the oxidative deterioration of polyunsaturated fats in cellular lipid membranes caused by oxygen free radicals.
		If the assumption is correct that acute measures of increased levels of lipid peroxidation contribute to long term negative health consequences, then the implications of this research would indicate that vitamin E antioxidant supplementation does not combat the negative health consequences.
		For example, lower amounts of exercise induced lipid peroxidation may be produced in the female body due to increased antioxidant properties as a result of elevated estrogens levels.
	www.lipidworld.com /content/3/1/14 (4288 words)

	The Chinese Herb Academy Collected Abstracts -- Dan Shen Radix Salvia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Abstract: The results indicated that RSM could significantly inhibit the lipid peroxidation of normal livers and cultured hepatocytes of rats, induce liver microsomal cytochrome P450 in normal rats, increase nucleic acids, proteins, urea and cerolloplasmin of damaged cultured hepatocytes of rats, relieve ultrastructural damage of cultured hepatocytes induced by CCl4.
		Lipid peroxide (LPO) concentrations were increased slightly in the medium after incubation of macrophages with normal LDL (n-LDL), while decreased significantly in the media after incubation of macrophages with pox-LDL.
		The changes in concentrations of lipid peroxide and lipids in LDL due to Cu++ were studied, and the effects of RSMC and ligustrazine on the changes were studied.
	www.chineseherbacademy.org /articles/abs_salvia.shtml (12475 words)

	Lipid Peroxidation and Vitamin E Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Onion oil supplemented to nicotine treated rats showed increased resistance to lipid peroxidation and the effect was near to that of vitamin E fed rats.
		Lipid peroxidation was increased in both hemispheres of kindled rats as compared to sham-operated controls.
		Antioxidants (vitamin E and glutathione) prevented the rise in lipid peroxides and hippocampal neuronal death during kindling, but did not arrest the development of seizures.
	www.bphata.com /LP&E1.htm (1718 words)

	Effects of dopexamine on lipid peroxidation during aortic surgery in pigs: comparison with dopamine.
		Effects of dopexamine on lipid peroxidation during aortic surgery in pigs: comparison with dopamine.
		Cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, arterial blood gas analysis and blood sampling for plasma MDA measurements (to reveal lipid peroxidation) were recorded after induction of anaesthesia (baseline), 60 and 120 min after cross-clamping of aorta (ischaemia phase), and 60 and 120 min after restoration of flow (reperfusion phase).
		CONCLUSION: Dopexamine seems superior to dopamine in reducing oxygen free radicals and subsequent lipid peroxidation during reperfusion after supraceliac aortic cross clamping in pigs.
	abdominalaorticaneurysm.researchtoday.net /archive/2/11/342.htm (299 words)

	Lipid Peroxidation Is an Early Symptom Triggered by Aluminum, But Not the Primary Cause of Elongation Inhibition in Pea ...
		Lipid Peroxidation Is an Early Symptom Triggered by Aluminum, But Not the Primary Cause of Elongation Inhibition in Pea Roots -- Yamamoto et al.
		the membrane to the Fe(II)-mediated peroxidation of lipids, and
		Xie CX, Yokel RA (1996) Aluminum facilitation of iron-mediated lipid peroxidation is dependent on substrate, pH, and aluminum and iron concentrations.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/125/1/199 (5288 words)

	Defects in leukocyte-mediated initiation of lipid peroxidation in plasma as studied in myeloperoxidase-deficient ...
		Defects in leukocyte-mediated initiation of lipid peroxidation in plasma as studied in myeloperoxidase-deficient subjects: systematic identification of multiple endogenous diffusible substrates for myeloperoxidase in plasma -- Zhang et al.
		Lipids were extracted and prepared for mass spectrometry analysis under argon or nitrogen atmosphere at all steps.
		peroxidation of endogenous plasma lipids, assessed by quantification
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/99/5/1802 (6117 words)

	Lipid peroxidation in mitochondria. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Firstly the various ways by which lipid peroxidation is induced and the relevant mechanisms are described and discussed.
		After examining the major effects of lipid peroxidation on mitochondrial enzymes and bioenergetic functions, some aspects of the pathophysiology of lipid peroxidation are considered in connection with maturation of reticulocytes, alternative oxidase of plant mitochondria, aging, and ischemia-reperfusion syndrome.
		The final part of the article is devoted to the regulation and control of lipid peroxidation in mitochondria with particular emphasis to the role of the respiratory substrates.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_3075952.html (110 words)

	Cancer Cell International \| Full text \| Role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in omega 3 fatty acids ...
		However, the results of one of our early studies indicated that some factor in addition to lipid peroxidation was involved in the reduction in xenograft growth in fish oil fed mice [8].
		Lipid peroxidation was assayed in the livers, colons and tumors of mice sacrificed after two weeks consumption of each diet and after two weeks consumption of the diets and a single injection of DOX 24 h before sacrifice (Table 3).
		Malondialdehyde and other products of lipid peroxidation can be estimated spectrophotometrically at 535 nm after reaction with thiobarbituric acid to obtain an index for lipid peroxidation [23].
	www.cancerci.com /content/2/1/10 (4488 words)

	Journal of Nanobiotechnology \| Full text \| Three-dimensional reconstruction of cell nuclei, internalized quantum dots ...
		The purpose of the study was to develop and illustrate three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of nuclei and intracellular lipid peroxidation in cells exposed to oxidative stress induced by quantum dots.
		In this study we present a versatile, simple and suitable approach to 3-D reconstruction of intracellular QD location and of changes in nuclear morphology and lipid peroxidation as a consequence of oxidative stress [16,17,28-33].
		After the QD treatment, spectrofluorometric samples were prepared as follows: lipids were extracted from the cells according to the Folch method by incubating twice with a mixture of chloroform and methanol (2:1 [v/v]).
	www.jnanobiotechnology.com /content/4/1/10 (7274 words)

	INABIS '98 - Model Neuromelanins as Antioxidative Agents During Lipid Peroxidation
		The extent of lipid peroxidation was expressed as a percent of the control incubated without melanin.
		The reductive inactivation of lipid hydroperoxides is known to prevent hydroperoxide-dependent secondary lipid peroxidation.
		Nevertheless, lipid chains are prevented from peroxidative damages as long as melanin capacity to bind iron ions is not exhausted.
	www.mcmaster.ca /inabis98/kostrzewa/wilczok0432/two.html (3088 words)

	Green Tea Antioxidant
		The effects of EGCG on t-butylhydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation and the activity of membrane-bound ATPases in human erythrocyte membranes were studied.
		Hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ions are capable of oxidizing a wide range of substrates and causing biological damage.
		In reducing the ferrous ion-induced lipid peroxidation, IC50 values of antioxidants were as follows: EGCG (3.32 microM), trolox (75.65 microM), lipoic acid (7.63 mM), and melatonin (15.48 mM).
	www.green-tea-extract.com /herbal-remedies/green-tea-extract/green-tea-antioxidant (1683 words)

	Lipids in Health and Disease \| Full text \| Effect of Lovastatin on Lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant ...
		We tested lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant levels in forty five stable hyperlipidemic HD males (age range 40–60 years) before, after 45 and 90 days of prescription of 20 mg/day Lovastatin for three months.
		Malondialdehyde (MDA), as prototype of lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidants (TA) were measured by flourimetric and spectrophotometric assays, respectively.
		Malondialdehyde (MDA), a prototype of lipid peroxidation metabolite, is accumulated in ESRD.
	www.lipidworld.com /content/3/1/6 (1728 words)

	Plasma Lipid Peroxidation Zinc And Erythrocyte Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme Activity In Patients With Type 2 ...
		The aim of this study was to determine the changes of plasma lipid peroxidation, zinc and erythrocyte cu-zn superoxide dismutase activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy control in Gorgan city.
		The increased plasma lipid peroxidation and decreased plasma zinc and erythrocyte Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity that we observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may predispose to the development of cardiovascular complications.We propose that diabetic patients may have elevated requirement for antioxidants.
		For this reason the present study was designed to determine the changes of plasma lipid peroxidation, zinc and erythrocyte Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (at a diabetes center in Gorgan city) in comparison to controls.
	www.ispub.com /ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ijen/vol2n1/lipid.xml (2853 words)

	Lipid Peroxidation - Compare Prices, Reviews and Buy at NexTag - Price - Review
		Vitamin E is a major antioxidant and the primary defense against lipid peroxidation.
		Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that is one of the body's chief antioxidants, helping to protect cell membranes against lipid peroxidation.
		Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin which is one of the body's chief antioxidants and is considered the first line of defense against lipid peroxidation, protecting cell membranes...
	www.nextag.com /lipid-peroxidation/search-html (283 words)

	Effect Of Haemodialysis On Plasma Lipid Peroxidation And Erythrocyte Antioxidant Enzymes In Gorgan (South East Of ...
		The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hemodialysis on lipid peroxidation (the level of lipid peroxidation expressed as malondialdehyde) and erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase,superoxide dismutase) before and after the dialysis and compared with control group.
		This study was designed to determine the effect of hemodialysis on plasma lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) before and after the dialysis process and compared with control group.
		The plasma urea, creatinine, lipid peroxidation(the level of lipid peroxidation expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA)) and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined for hemodialysis patients before and after the dialysis process and control group, using laboratory kit specterophotometry technique in the laboratory of Biochemistry(faculty of medicine).
	www.ispub.com /ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ijne/vol2n1/gorgan.xml (1711 words)

	Lipid peroxidation and prostaglandins in human lung carcinoma CHEST - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Lipid peroxidation and prostaglandins in human lung carcinoma
		Lipid peroxidation is one of oxidative conversion of polyunsaturated fatty acids to products known as malondialdehyde (MDA) or lipid peroxides.
		CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Our study suggests that the level of lipid peroxidation, thromboxane and Bcl-2 may serve as a marker for assessing the stage of the tumor and also monitoring the potential metastasis.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_4_128/ai_n15789896 (370 words)

	Increased hepatic lipid peroxidation in aged mice. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Many studies on aging using tissue homogenates and subcellular fractions have provided evidence for the occurrence of lipid peroxidation.
		However, there are studies which report decrease or no significant change in parameters of lipid peroxidation.
		Both parameters were significantly increased in aged mice which indicate that lipid peroxidation is important in advancing age in mice.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_2725078.html (177 words)

	The action of antioxidants and antioxidant vitamins
		The first product is a lipid peroxyl radical, derived from oxygen addition to the lipid alkyl radical intermediate which arises by reaction of the lipid with the ROS or hypervalent metal.
		The rates of peroxide formation in LDL are considerably retarded in LDL obtained from vitamin E sufficient subjects as compared to LDL from vitamin E deficient subjects.
		Figure 12 (38 Kb) LDL can be protected from oxidation and the propagation of lipid peroxidation from one LDL particle to another is inhibited as long as sufficient amounts of vitamin E remain among the LDL lipids.
	www-hsc.usc.edu /~bolger/ced/dietchol/action.htm (766 words)

	Radical-Initiated Lipid Peroxidation in Low Density Lipoproteins: Insights Obtained from Kinetic Modeling -- from ...
		Single-phase reaction schemes describing lipid peroxidation and antioxidation according to the "conventional" and tocopherol-mediated peroxidation (TMP) model were simulated for conditions of low and high radical fluxes produced by thermolabile azo initiators.
		The results show that the particular dependencies of the rates of lipid peroxidation (Rp) on the rates of initiation (Ri) for the two reaction schemes were accurately predicted by the simulations.
		Both models qualitatively predicted inhibition of lipid peroxidation the the presence of alpha-tocopherol (a-TOH) under high radical flux conditions, suggesting that both can describe inhibited lipid peroxidation in solution under these conditions.
	library.wolfram.com /infocenter/Articles/2172 (216 words)

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