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Topic: Lipophilic

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Nonpolar

Endocytosis

Capsaicin

Biological membrane

Lipid bilayer

Phospholipid

Cell (biology)

Cell membrane

Vesicle

Eukaryote

Carbonic acid

Vitamin K

Organelle

Audi A4

Pierre Laporte

	Definition of lipophilic - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Learn more about "lipophilic" and related topics at Britannica.com
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		See a map of "lipophilic" in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=lipophilic (37 words)

	Lipophilic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lipophilic materials are those that that attract non-polar organic compounds, most notably oils, fats, greases, and oily substances.
		Lipophilic materials are used for oil removal from water, managing oil spills, and chemical separation processes to remove non-polar from polar compounds.
		Lipophilic materials and compounds tend to be hydrophobic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lipophilic (260 words)

	Patent 6,756,048
		A lipophilic drug may be any lipophilic substance so long as it is, as a form of a preparation, in a solid state at the body temperature of an animal or a human being to which the preparation is to be administered.
		In addition to the lipophilic drug having a direct therapeutic effect, the drug may be a substance with a biological activity, and such a substance as promotes or induces a biological activity, which includes an adjuvant for a vaccine, for example saponin.
		To a solid comprising a lipophilic drug and a water-soluble substance, a water-impermeable and biocompatible material, or both of the solid comprising the lipophilic drug and the water-soluble substance and the water-impermeable and biocompatible material, an additive such as physiologically acceptable stabilizers, solubilizing agents, preservatives, analgesics may be added.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents100/Yr2004/June2004/062904/6756048_SustainedRel062904.htm (3388 words)

	Skin cleansing product having low density wiping zone treated with a lipophilic cleansing emollient - Patent 4112167
		The transferred lipophilic cleansing emollient reduces dehydration of the soil layer and weakens the soil-skin adhesive forces thereby permitting larger amounts of soil to be removed on continued wiping.
		In general, lipophilic cleansing emollients are compounds or mixtures of compounds which are mainly paraffinic hydrocarbons and their common derivatives (e.g., fatty alcohols, acids and esters) which when applied to the skin, spread over the skin's surface because of their low surface tension against air (less than about 35 dynes per cm at 25.degree.
		In addition, the lipophilic cleansing emollient spreads on the skin and is able to migrate between the fecal matter and the anal skin thereby reducing the soil-skin adhesive forces making the continued mechanical removal of the soil during wiping easier.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4112167.html (6361 words)

	Novel stable beadlets of lipophilic nutrients patent invention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Lipophilic nutrients are a class of substances which exhibit an affinity towards oily or fatty solvents or carriers.
		Lipophilic nutrients refers to a class of compounds that show an affinity towards oily or fatty solvents or carriers, such as hexane, or otherwise have a higher solubility in hydrocarbons than water, and may be used in the current invention.
		Some stabilising antioxidants which may be employed to form the mixture of the lipophilic nutrients include vitamin E acetate, natural tocopherols, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, citric acid, rosemary extract or rosemary oil, curcuminoids, green tea extract, ginger extract, camosic acid, butylated hydroxy anisole, butylated hydroxy toluene and the like or their combinations thereof.
	www.freshpatents.com /Novel-stable-beadlets-of-lipophilic-nutrients-dt20050505ptan20050095301.php?type=description (8332 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Development of a Database of Total (Lipophilic and Hydrophilic) Antioxidant Capacity ...
		Recently a modified method using a solubility enhancer was developed for lipid soluble (lipophilic) antioxidant capacity in addition to the hydrophilic (water soluble) assay for analysis of food samples.
		Methods and Materials: Food samples were extracted with a lipophilic solvent (hexane/ dichloromethane) and then by a hydrophilic solvent (acetone/water/acetic acid) in the Dionex ASE-200 accelerated solvent extractor.
		Lipophilic ORAC as a percentage of the Total ORAC (Hydrophilic plus Lipophilic ORAC) ranged from 0.35% to 51% in fl plums and cloves, respectively.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=146431 (680 words)

	Effect of Fluorine Substitution on the Interaction of Lipophilic Ions with the Plasma Membrane of Mammalian Cells -- ...
		constants of the lipophilic ions adsorbed to the plasma membrane
		Dielectric dispersion of the plasma membrane caused by the lipophilic anions
		Interaction of lipophilic ions with the plasma membrane of mammalian cells studied by electrorotation.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/79/3/1490 (3865 words)

	Pharmacy Times: Lipophilic or Hydrophilic Nature of Statins Is Important
		The lipophilic nature of medical compounds and the lowering of the cholesterol level in the blood, however, seem to play an important role in the occurrence of this side effect.
		In addition, it has been shown in mice that highly lipophilic statins have a pronounced effect in disturbing the normal activity of myoblasts, the proper performance of which is especially necessary during muscle injury.
		It is very important for a pharmacist to suggest a less lipophilic member of the statin group when dealing with patients who have an existing or potential condition of insomnia or decreased cognitive function.
	www.pharmacytimes.com /Article.cfm?Menu=1&ID=2122 (1019 words)

	The Ecological Significance of Lipophilic Alkaloids in the Dendrobatidae (Amphibia: Anura)
		The Ecological Significance of Lipophilic Alkaloids in the Dendrobatidae (Amphibia: Anura)
		Their common name comes from the potent lipophilic alkaloids contained in the granular glands of their skin, which are used by natives of the Choco region of Columbia to poison blowgun darts.
		Lipophilic Alkaloids are limited to seven genera of Anurans cotained in four families: Dendrobatidae, Bufonidae, Myobatrachidae, and Ranidae.
	www.colostate.edu /Depts/Entomology/courses/en570/papers_2000/carr.html (3064 words)

	COLL 393 - Adsolubilization of lipophilic linkers and nonionic surfactants at the water/silica interface: Experimental ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Lipophilic linkers (long chain linear alcohols) in solution may co-adsorb with surfactants at a solid/liquid interface.
		The impact of the coadsorption of lipophilic linkers with nonionic surfactants on the solubilization of sparingly soluble compounds in the adsorbed surfactant aggregates was investigated at the water / amorphous precipitated silica interface.
		The impact of branched Vs. straight-chain nonionic surfactants, polyethyoxylated alkylphenols (Triton X-series) and polyoxyethylene lauryl (BRIJ-series), and alcohols from C8 to C16 on the adsolubilization of styrene was examined.
	membership.acs.org /c/coll/neworleans/P613426.HTM (220 words)

	Abstract: Synthesis of lipophilic and fluorescent derivatives of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine..
		Abstract: Synthesis of lipophilic and fluorescent derivatives of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine..
		Synthesis of lipophilic derivatives of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP) by condensation of the C-terminal amino acid moiety in MDP molecule with phosphatidylethanolamine was carried out.
		Fluorescent lipophilic derivatives of MDP were synthesized by condensation of MDP with phosphatidylethanolamines labelled in the hydrophobic moiety, e.g.
	carbohyd.siobc.ras.ru /abstract.php?id=138 (59 words)

	[No title]
		Because the parties agree that the terms “lipophilic component” and “surfactant” are common to the ’625 and ’840 patents, Abbott argues that Novartis’ failure to challenge the construction of these terms in connection with the ’625 patent estops Novartis from challenging their meaning in the related ’840 patent.
		Assuming that the district court’s claim construction of “lipophilic component” was the dispositive element that proved necessary to the jury’s noninfringement verdict, as Abbott urges, it would appear that the jury’s infringement verdict on the ’840 patent is quite possibly contradictory.
		In reaching its conclusion as to the proper construction of the term “lipophilic component,” the court relies on a passage from the specification stating that a surfactant may be incorporated in a microemulsion composition of the invention not only as the surfactant, “but in excess as an additional carrier or co-solvent phase, i.e.
	www.fedcir.gov /opinions/03-1367.doc (5461 words)

	Lipophilic Statins Lower Er- Breast Ca
		Lipophilic Statins Lower Er- Breast Ca Lipophilic Statins Lower ER-Negative Breast Ca Risk: No therapies were previously known to reduce the risk of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer.
		Women on a lipophilic statin have a markedly reduced likelihood of developing estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer, Dr. Anjali Kumar reported at a breast cancer symposium sponsored by the Cancer Therapy and Research Center.
		The investigators are also planning a study of long-term lipophilic statin therapy in BRCA mutation carriers that will be aimed at reducing their very high breast cancer risk.
	www.annieappleseedproject.org /lipstatlower.html (593 words)

	Method to Recover a Lipophilic Drug From Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Matrix Tablets
		Lipophilic drugs, such as alprazolam, are difficult to completely extract and quantitate from tablets containing HPMC polymer.
		However, extracting a lipophilic drug substance from gelling HPMC tablets is much more complicated because of the highly lipophilic nature of the drug substance and the gelling properties of HPMC polymer.
		This indicated that the molecular weight distribution or viscosity of the polymer did not influence the dissolution of the lipophilic drug using sample preparation method II because HPMC was completely dissolved before alprazolam.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt020208&pdf=yes (3694 words)

	Glossary: Lipophilic
		Lipophilic or 'lipid-loving' molecules are attracted to lipids.
		A substance is lipophilic if it is able to dissolve much more easily in lipid (a class of oily organic compounds) than in water.
		The degree of lipophilicity is expressed as octanol-water partitioning coefficient: Kow.
	www.greenfacts.org /glossary/jkl/lipophilic.htm (73 words)

	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, et al. v. Abbott Laboratories
		In an attempt to further support its view that surfactants may constitute the entire lipophilic phase, Novartis notes that Example 4.1 in the ’840 patent describes a “regular emulsion pre-concentrate” in which only a surfactant is used to dissolve the cyclosporin.
		Novartis asserts that even if we uphold the district court’s construction of “lipophilic component,” the jury’s verdict on the ’840 patent should be allowed to stand because there was substantial evidence for the jury to conclude that Abbott’s cyclosporin composition infringed under the doctrine of equivalents.
		Because it is undisputed that Span 80 is lipophilic and that cyclosporin dissolves in Span 80, Span 80 appears to qualify as a “lipophilic component” as that term is used in the ’840 patent.
	www.ll.georgetown.edu /federal/judicial/fed/opinions/03opinions/03-1367.html (5980 words)

	Pulmonary inflammation alters the lung disposition of lipophilic amine indicators -- Audi et al. 87 (5): 1831 -- ...
		Many lipophilic amine compounds are rapidly extracted from the blood on passage through the pulmonary circulation.
		Lipophilic amines have been used previously as MID test indicators to probe intact lung function.
		Pulmonary disposition of lipophilic amine compounds in the isolated perfused rabbit lung.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/87/5/1831 (5721 words)

	Interaction of Lipophilic Ions with the Plasma Membrane of Mammalian Cells Studied by Electrorotation -- Kürschner ...
		Interaction of Lipophilic Ions with the Plasma Membrane of Mammalian Cells Studied by Electrorotation -- Kürschner et al.
		of the transport of lipophilic ions in the plasma membrane of
		of the lipophilic anions adsorbed to the plasma membrane.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/74/6/3031 (5522 words)

	Direct determination of unbound lipophilic ligands in aqueous solutions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Often the lipophilic ligands are added to aqueous solutions dissolved in ethanol, but in such cases nothing is known about the monomer concentration and it is likely to exceed the physiological concentration.
		As mentioned above, water-insoluble lipophilic compounds are always transported bound to their binding proteins and the technique described here profits of the very strong binding of such lipophilic ligands to ghosts filled with their binding proteins.
		In conclusion, the present method is generally applicable for lipophilic compounds, it measures directly the water-phase concentration and it uses the relevant protein-binder as a dispersed biological “reference-binder.” Furthermore the monomer ligand concentrations are prerequisite for the determination of the number of binding sites on the protein and of the equilibrium dissociation constants K
	www.biologicalprocedures.com /bpo/arts/1/93/m93.htm (3766 words)

	Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science
		It is proposed that change in the level of lipophilicity of compound is reflected in a change in the level of biological activity.
		The difference in lipophilicity may be seen between compounds 3 (Figure 1) and 8 (Figure 2).
		Compound 10 has a lipophilic chain but also has a bridgehead methyl which may be the cause of its loss of activity.
	digital.library.okstate.edu /oas/oas_htm_files/v56/p15_17nf.html (1355 words)

	Anhydrous formulations for administering lipophilic agents (US5314685)
		Anhydrous formulations useful for administering lipophilic, pharmaceutically active agents to hosts in need of such treatment processes for preparing these formulations, pharmaceutical compositions based upon these formulations, and the use of these formulations to administer lipophilic, pharmaceutically active agents to a host.
		The lipophilic agent to be administered is solubilized in a hydrophilic vehicle which makes up at least part of the anhydrous formulation.
		Preferably, the lipophilic agent is present in the hydrophilic vehicle in a supersaturated or near saturated amount.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US05314685 (414 words)

	GM-144, a Novel Lipophilic Vaginal Contraceptive Gel-Microemulsion
		As a potent contraceptive agent, which is inexpensive and devoid of mucosal toxicity, the lipophilic GM-144 formulation meets the criteria for a vaginal spermicide and warrants further preclinical evaluation.
		In addition, this nontoxic lipophilic gel-microemulsion may also be useful for intravaginal application of antimicrobial agents to prevent the sexual transmission of diseases such as AIDS, genital herpes, gonorrhea, and chlamydia.
		A novel, lipophilic, submicron (30-80 nm)-particle-size gel-microemulsion, GM-144, prepared from pharmaceutical excipients commonly used in topical, oral, and injectable medications, was found to exhibit potent spermicidal activity, although these excipients by themselves exhibit little or no spermicidal activity in human semen.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt020205&pdf=yes (4440 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Antioxidant Activities of Lipophilic Extracts of Forty Foods Using Lipophilic Oxygen Radical ...
		These methods are being used to develop a database of antioxidant capacity of common foods, which will be useful in future studies of the effect of diet on the prevention of diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
		The lipophilic ORAC values of all 40 extracts range from 1.00±0.06 to 31.23±0.22 'molTE/g (n=2) dry weight, whereas hydrophilic ORAC values are from 7.34±0.85 to 567.99±14.22 'molTE/g (n=2) dry weight.
		Their ORAC values are similar to that obtained for hydrophilic values following lipophilic extraction, but lower than the sum of lipophilic and hydrophilic ORAC value.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=151349 (516 words)

	ISU Weed Science Online - Absorption of Foliar Herbicides
		In Figure 2 the lipophilic components of the leaves are indicated in green.
		This is important since a water soluble herbicide would associate with hydrophilic portions of the leaf and not enter the lipophilic regions, whereas oil soluble herbicides would preferentially associate with lipophilic regions.
		In the lipophilic state the herbicide is well suited for transport through the epicuticular wax or the cell membrane.
	www.weeds.iastate.edu /mgmt/2001/absorp.htm (1395 words)

	Pulmonary disposition of lipophilic amine compounds in the isolated perfused rabbit lung -- Audi et al. 84 (2): 516 -- ...
		Pulmonary disposition of lipophilic amine compounds in the isolated perfused rabbit lung -- Audi et al.
		There are at least three objectives motivating these studies of the pulmonary disposition of lipophilic amine compounds.
		of lipophilic amine compounds (13, 24, 38, 39).
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/84/2/516 (5777 words)

	Process for treating lipophilic fluid patent invention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The process according to claim 1 wherein the contaminant is selected from the group consisting of surfactants, dyes, lipids, soils, water, non-silicone additives containing nitrogen and a polar or hydrogen bonding head group, and mixtures thereof.
		The process according to claim 1 where in the lipophilic fluid comprises a cyclic organosilicone.
		The process according to claim 1 wherein the lipophilic fluid comprises a cyclic organosilicone selected from the group consisting of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, and mixtures thereof.
	www.freshpatents.com /Process-for-treating-lipophilic-fluid-dt20060209ptan20060027493.php?type=claims (865 words)

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