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	Natural gas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Natural gas, commonly referred to as gas, is a gaseous fossil fuel consisting primarily of methane.
		Natural gas is, in itself, harmless to the human body -- unlike carbon monoxide, for instance, it is not a poison.
		Natural gas is important as a major source for electricity generation through the use of gas turbines and steam turbines.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Natural_gas (2316 words)

	Natural Gas
		Natural gas can be used in any vehicle with a regular internal combustion engine, although the vehicle must be outfitted with a special carburetor and fuel tank.
		LNG is made by cooling natural gas to a temperature of minus 260 degrees F. At that temperature, natural gas becomes a liquid and its volume is reduced 615 times.
		Natural gas also has less sulfur and nitrogen compounds, and it emits less ash particulates into the air when it is burned than coal or petroleum fuels.
	lsa.colorado.edu /essence/texts/naturalgas.htm (2049 words)

	Natural Gas
		Natural gas is the largest single source of resource development revenue for Albertans, accounting for more than $28.2 billion in royalties paid to the Government of Alberta from fiscal 2000/2001 to fiscal 2004/2005.
		Natural gas is also responsible for a significant portion of the oil and gas industry’s investment in Alberta, totalling over $90 billion from 2000 to 2004.
		Natural gas is an important raw material for the province’s oil sands and electric power generation industries, which have expanded in recent years as the result of significant investment based on availability of the resource in Alberta.
	www.energy.gov.ab.ca /222.asp (338 words)

	LNG Plants,LNG Gas Plant,Liquid Natural Gas Plant,Natural Gas Liquefaction Plants
		Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) comprises of liquid hydrocarbons that are recovered from natural gases in gas processing plants, and in some cases, from field processing facilities.
		LNG accounts for about 4% of natural gas consumption worldwide, and is produced in dozens of large-scale liquefaction plants.
		LNG occupies 1/600th the volume of natural gas at atmospheric temperature and pressure.
	www.gas-plants.com /lng-plant.html (413 words)

	Chevron - Liquid Natural Gas
		LNG is natural gas that has been cooled to -260F, changing it from a gas into a liquid 1/600th its original volume.
		After arriving at its destination, LNG is warmed to return it to its gaseous state and delivered to natural gas customers through local pipelines.
		Returning LNG to a gaseous state is done at LNG import and regasification terminals, which are designed and constructed according to stringent national codes and international standards.
	www.chevron.com /about/our_businesses/lng.asp (540 words)

	deseretnews.com \| Imports of liquid natural gas urged
		Liquefied natural gas, or LNG, is natural gas that has been treated and cooled to minus 260 degrees Fahrenheit.
		The gas is transported by ship to large terminals, which convert the liquid back into a gas before it is introduced into the pipeline grid.
		Demand for natural gas by 2010 will be strongest in the Southeast, which will need 3.8 billion cubic feet a day of new reserves over 2000 levels, Elliott said.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,595079411,00.html (419 words)

	Puget Sound Clean Cities Coalition Natural Gas
		Natural gas is composed primarily of methane, along with other hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane and butane.
		Natural gas can be used in the full range of vehicles, from passenger vehicles to heavy-duty trucks.
		In addition, because natural gas is lighter than air, it will rise and dissipate rapidly in the unlikely event of a leak, as opposed to other fuels which tend to pool on the ground or enter sewer or water systems.
	www.pugetsoundcleancities.org /NaturalGas.htm (1432 words)

	Process for freeze protection and purification of natural gas liquid product streams produced by the Mehra process - ...
		Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons, including methane, ethane, propane, and various amounts of higher molecular weight hydrocarbons together with acid gases, such as CO.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2 S. A "dry" gas is one containing predominantly methane with some ethane, propane, and butane with a very low hydrocarbon dew point.
		The liquid hydrocarbon is admixed with an aqueous amine solution and then passed into a large gravity separator from which the hydrocarbon liquid containing some dissolved amine is drawn into a second mixing system wherein it is thoroughly mixed with pure water and passed through a second gravity separator.
		The charged methanol is expanded in a liquid turbine to produce a liquid phase of generally methanol-containing solubilized CO.sub.2 and a gaseous phase consisting of hydrocarbons solubilized in or entrained by the methanol.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4601738.html (7679 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In certain crude oils and natural gas liquids there are, however, also naturally occurring pour point depressants for instance in the form of asphaltenes, which are a group of heavy polar aromatic compound having a molecu- lar weight in the range 700-1000 g/mole.
		These natural pour point depressants are present in the crude oil or natural gas liquid when it is produced from the reser- voir, and are normally fully disperse in the liquid phase at initial reservoir conditions.
		In this way it is avoided that the flocculated natural pour point depressants, which appar- ently form a separate, polar liquid phase, are capable of absorbing the synthetic pour point depressants by virtue of their content of polar groups.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/31200.990624&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (1979 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In such applications, a portion of stream 12 may optionally be withdrawn and passed as liquid stream 22, shown in the Drawing as a dotted line, directly to the upper portion of the fractionation column 15.
		In conventional LNG manufacturing processes, essentially all of the C5+ hydrocarbons are removed from the natural gas before the gas is liquefied to avoid freezing problems.
		Depending upon the natural gas composition, the amounts of C3+ that could be left with the PLNG for transport to a desired destination could reduce the bubble point pressure by as much as 50 to 60 psia (345 to 414 kPa) for PLNG compositions extremely rich in
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/92778.011206&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2188 words)

	Natural gas locomotives
		Typically for freight locomotives, the preferred natural gas medium is liquid natural gas (LNG).
		In order to keep natural gas in a liquid state, It must be refrigerated to -260 degrees Fahrenheit.
		Gas then flows to the locomotive through flexible hose connection between the tender and the locomotive engine.
	www.energyconversions.com /tender.htm (372 words)

	Technifab - Liquid Natural Gas \| Liquid Methane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Liquid Natural Gas (Liquid Methane) is made by cooling natural gas to a temperature of minus 260 degrees F. At that temperature, natural gas becomes a liquid and its volume is reduced 615 times.
		Methane is a colorless, odorless gas with a wide distribution in nature.
		Methane is synthesized commercially by the distillation of bituminous coal and by heating a mixture of carbon and hydrogen.
	www.technifab.com /lng-methane.htm (370 words)

	Cascadia Scorecard Weblog: Natural Gas: Liquid Launch
		Natural gas consumption has been on the rise in the Northwest, in part to fuel new electricity generators.
		Gas turbines are cheap to build, compared with other kinds of generating plants; and despite all the attention the Northwest's new wind farms have garnered, between 2001 and 2003 the region added 17 times asmuch generating capacity as from natural gas as from wind.
		But LNG consumes a lot of energy: you have extract the gas in some distant spot, pressurize and refrigerate it, and move the resulting liquid halfway around the world -- meaning that with LNG, the energy-efficiency benefits of natural gas will be falling, even as the cost is rising.
	cascadiascorecard.typepad.com /blog/2005/05/natural_gas_liq.html (717 words)

	Step into Liquid
		Transporting LNG from distant countries presents massive technological and financial challenges, but importing LNG from those nations could provide much needed gas for the U.S., assuming America is willing to add to its already bloated import bills and balance of payment problems.
		Historically, the vast majority of all liquid natural gas exports to the United States have come from a single LNG processing plant in Trinidad and Tobago, a Caribbean island nation near the coast of Venezuela.
		LNG ships are made of the kind of materials that can keep the gas cool once it's been liquefied.
	www.dailyreckoning.com /RudeAwake/Articles/StepintoLiquid.html (2143 words)

	A New Threat to Clean Energy Development: Liquid Natural Gas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For example, the drilling of oil and gas off the coast of Sakhalin Island, Russia, endangers a delicate and bio-diverse marine ecosystem, which is the habitat of the last 100 endangered Western Pacific Gray Whales.
		For example, nearly 75 percent of Camisea natural gas projects in Peru are located inside a state reserve for indigenous peoples living with little or no contact with the outside world, who have been forcibly contacted by the Camisea consortia in violation of their internationally recognized rights.
		Liquid natural gas storage and transportation is a dangerous business, with a history of accidents.
	www.greenpeace.org /raw/content/usa/press/reports/a-new-threat-to-clean-energy-d.html (697 words)

	US - Algerian ministerial LNG summit
		Through the rapid expansion of its LNG capacity and pipeline network to southern Europe, Algeria has been a reliable supplier of natural gas for decades.
		The natural gas market is undergoing transformation worldwide and Algeria is developing and implementing strategies to meet these challenges and to capture opportunities that will present themselves.
		Such expansion is needed to allow additional quantities of LNG to flow into the US and satisfy the forecasted increase in natural gas demand.
	www.mem-algeria.org /actu/ministre/allocutions/lng_us_welcoming.htm (675 words)

	Fuels Containing Methane or Natural Gas in Solution
		Because the pressure needed to maintain the fuel in liquid form would be more nearly constant and generally lower than that needed to maintain compressed natural gas in liquid form, the pressure rating of a tank used to hold this fuel could be lower than that of a tank used to hold compressed natural gas.
		Yet another advantage afforded by use of a blend of gasoline and natural gas would be a reduction in the amount of gasoline consumed.
		Because natural gas costs less than gasoline does and is in abundant supply in the United States, the cost of automotive fuel and the demand for imported oil could be reduced.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Aug04/MSC22873.html (566 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Safety and Security Zones; Liquid Natural Gas Carrier Transits and Anchorage Operations, Boston, ...
		Due to the flammable nature of the Liquid Natural Gas Carrier (LNGC) vessel cargo, this rulemaking is urgently required to prevent possible terrorist strikes against LNGC vessels within and adjacent to waters within the Boston Marine Inspection Zone and Captain of the Port Zone.
		Section 165.110 also establishes a safety zone extending 150-feet around a loaded LNG vessel while the vessel is alongside the Distrigas facility, and the vessel remains in a loaded condition or is transferring liquefied natural gas.
		Due to the flammable nature of LNGC vessels and impact the ignition of this cargo would have on the port of Boston and surrounding areas, increased protection of these vessels is necessary.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2001/November/Day-30/i29761.htm (2232 words)

	Gasline.org - Alaska's Liquid Natural Gas Pipeline Project
		JUNEAU -- A natural gas pipeline contract is unlikely to surface for months, legislative leaders said Monday, and they have not even seen new oil tax legislation that would be a key component of any gas line deal.
		A producer-owned Alaska natural gas pipeline is as close to happening as it's ever been, but there is still a long way to go, said Joe Marushack, the vice president of Alaska North Slope Development for ConocoPhillips Alaska.
		At stake is a fortune in natural gas revenues from stranded gas deposits beneath Alaska's North Slope, which are sorely needed in domestic markets and particularly in Southcentral Alaska.
	www.gasline.org (841 words)

	Liquid Natural Gas is a good potential Skycar fuel
		Natural gas is cleaner to burn than gasoline - very few
		Liquid natural gas is a safer fuel in case of a crash
		Natural gas is more available than oil in many places around the world
	www.skyaid.org /Skycar/liquid_natural_gas.htm (105 words)

	Natural Gas
		Proven reserves are quantities of oil or gas that a company expects to be commercially recoverable from known fields from a given date.
		The company, which is the largest U.S. natural gas pipeline operator, also warned investors it expected more write-down charges in 2004 as natural gas prices weakened.
		El Paso's energy production is focused on natural gas, which generated about five times the revenue of the company's oil output for the first nine months of 2003.
	www.oilempire.us /naturalgas.html (790 words)

	Expert in: Liquid Natural Gas (LNG)
		In addition, he is versed in all aspects of the utilization of LNG including its interchangeable use with other gases and its use as a vehicular fuel.
		Expert has had extensive experience in all aspects of natural gas including: treatment for undesirable materials, transportation by pipeline, compression, distribution, and utilization (which includes the use of compressed natural gas (CNG) as a vehicular fuel).
		He is the author of several papers and articles concerning the natural gas industry.
	www.intota.com /viewbio.asp?bioID=603565&perID=108034 (202 words)

	Drilling sideways
		Meenan, who directs the Oil and Gas Institute at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, says coil-tubing drilling, combined with steerable drill bits, may be used when a new pocket of hydrocarbons is discovered, say, 1,000 feet from a deep well.
		But gas is also expensive to ship by ship, and big steel pipelines cost a bundle.
		The technology could be used to convert gas that's now burned off at oil wells into a usable fuel.
	whyfiles.org /100oil/4.html (884 words)

	Conversion Of Landfill Gas Into Liquid Natural Gas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Instead, the gas will be collected, converted, tested and then returned to its original state before it is flared.
		Advantages of using LNG in a trucking fleet include lower operating costs, lower particulate emissions, and a two- to three-year pay-back on the capital cost of engine conversions ($20,000 per vehicle).
		As well, if the liquified natural gas displaces fossil fuels, about 27,000 tonnes of CO per year could be eliminated.
	www.ec.gc.ca /press/000704_b_e.htm (595 words)

	Investor's Business Daily: Breaking News
		Liquefied natural gas is formed when the gas is cooled to 260 degrees below zero, a process that shrinks its volume by more than 600 times, making it easier to transport in tankers.
		Although liquid natural-gas imports accounted for just 3% of total U.S. natural-gas supplies in 2004, they are expected to steadily increase in the coming decades to help meet soaring domestic demand for the fuel.
		Imports of liquid natural gas jumped 29% from 2003 to 2004, reaching a record 652 billion cubic feet, according to the Energy Department.
	www.investors.com /breakingnews.asp?journalid=28755295 (923 words)

	2370025 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Natural gas for industrial use; natural gas in liquid form for industrial use.
		Natural gas fuels; gaseous fuel; gases and natural gases for use as fuels; natural gas; liquefied natural gas.
		Distribution, supply, transportation and storage of natural gas and liquefied natural gas; transport and storage of natural gas and liquid natural gas; transport and unloading of natural gas and liquid natural gas; supply of natural gas; natural gas and liquid natural gas distribution services; pipeline transport of natural gas.
	www.patent.gov.uk /tm/tmj/journals/6591/domestic/2370025.html (171 words)

	Renseignements internationaux - Bear Head, Nova Scotia Liquid Natural Gas Terminal
		U.S. companies with technology, equipment and services for LNG and gasification that are interested in approaching ANE with business proposals related to this project should contact the U.S. Commercial Service in Halifax for a listing of key personnel involved with the project and other essential information.
		ANE is proposing to build a liquefied natural gas plant (LNG) at a deep water, ice-free harbor in Bear Head, Nova Scotia, 125 miles northeast of Halifax.
		The berthing facility is compatible with existing and proposed LNG tankers with a jetty located in 48 - 66 ft. water depth.
	strategis.ic.gc.ca /epic/internet/inimr-ri.nsf/fr/gr121235f.html (822 words)

	Maritime Administration Approves Deepwater Liquid Natural Gas Port (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It soon will be easier to import natural gas from fuel tankers, without disruption to shoreline communities and the environment, thanks in part to a new deepwater liquid natural gas (LNG) port approved today by the U.S. Maritime Administration.
		The Deepwater Port Act of 1974, as amended in 2002, recognized the need for new LNG import facilities and provided American industry with the option of constructing new LNG port facilities in the waters beyond the territorial limits of the United States.
		The construction and operation of deepwater ports will enhance the options available for the importation of natural gas into the United States, thus allowing greater benefits from the economic and environmental advantages of LNG imports.
	www.dot.gov /affairs/marad0304.htm (286 words)

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