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Topic: Liquid-liquid extraction

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Experiment #2 Liquid/Liquid Extraction Liquid/liquid extraction is the most common technique used to separate a desired organic product from a reaction mixture or to isolate an organic substance from its natural source. The goal of the experiment, in addition to gaining a familiarity with the technique of liquid-liquid extraction and what can be accomplished with it, is to recover the two components as nearly quantitatively as possible. Extraction usually involves shaking a solution that contains the target with an immiscible solvent in which the desired substance is more soluble than it is in the starting solution. domin.dom.edu /faculty/jbfriesen/chem253lab/02.htm   (1503 words)

Liquid-liquid extraction process of metals - Patent 4051230 According to the principle of liquid-liquid extraction, the first extractant B is immiscible or difficulty soluble with the solvent of the extraction feed A, but it dissolves the chelates of the objective metal ion M.sup.n.sup.+. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a novel liquid-liquid extraction process of metals from a metal ion containing solution (hereinafter "extraction feed") which utilizes a porous film impregnated with an organic solution containing a chelating agent. liquid ion exchanger, chelating reagent, carboxilic acid compound, etc.) in an organic solvent immissible with water and a metal ion in an aqueous solution has been widely used in the field of analytical chemistry on a laboratory scale. www.freepatentsonline.com /4051230.html   (2365 words)

Theory Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a mass transfer operation in which a liquid feed solution is contacted with an immiscible solvent stream that extracts a desired component from the feed stream. The liquid mixtures are immiscible or partially miscible because of the polarity of the solvent. The simplest unagitated LLE column is the spray column in which either the feed solution or the solvent, which are usually of different densities, is dispersed and allowed to flow countercurrently with the other liquid phase. sol.rutgers.edu /~hatfield/extr03.htm   (1279 words)

Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction Via an Improved Centrifugal Contactor Two immiscible liquids of different densities are fed to the separate inlets and are rapidly mixed in the annular space between the spinning rotor and stationary housing. Because the interface is free to adjust in position, it is important to keep the liquid discharges unrestricted in terms of liquid and vapor flow and pressure. Normally 4000 to 12,000 G-seconds of force is adequate to efficiently separate two immiscible liquids in most processes. www.cheresources.com /centcontactor.shtml   (3341 words)

United States Patent Application: 0040140263 A process for recovering diphosphite-containing compounds from a mixture comprising diphosphite-containing compounds and organic mononitriles and organic dinitriles, using liquid-liquid extraction, wherein the molar ratio of organic mononitrile present to organic dinitrile is from about 0.65 to about 2.5 and wherein the extraction solvent is a saturated or unsaturated alkane or saturated or unsaturated cycloalkane. [0012] We have also discovered that inhibiting effect of Lewis acids on the recovery of diphosphite-nickel catalysts via liquid-liquid extraction is reduced by introducing Lewis base compounds to the catalyst-containing mixture which apparently bind either to the nickel catalyst or to the Lewis acid and disrupt the association of the Lewis acid with the catalyst. Disclosed herein are methods for recovering diphosphite-containing compounds from mixtures comprising organic mononitriles and organic dinitriles, using liquid-liquid extraction. appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040140263".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040140263&RS=DN/20040140263   (2797 words)

64147.991216&ELEMENT_SET=DECL For example, liquid-liquid extraction is performed between two immiscible fluids, typically with the lighter fluid being introduced at the bottom of the column, and the heavier fluid being introduced at the top of the column. For absorption (liquid-gas), or for liquid-liquid extraction, the microporous contactor 100 is selected so that a first medium or solvent does not wet the microporous contactor but a second medium or solvent wets the microporous contactor and the working compound transfers between the first and second media and through the microporous contactor. diffusivity of the liquid solvent, the gas may be passed through a spray of the solvent liquid, or brought in contact with a falling film of the solvent fluid. www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/64147.991216&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (10076 words)

FACSIMILE - Liquid/liquid extraction Liquid/liquid extraction is an important separation mechanism in the nuclear fuel reprocessing cycle and in other industrial plant. This mechanism depends upon utilising the different relative solubility of dissolved species between two liquid phases in order to concentrate preferentially one or more species. Figure 1 shows a graph of the predicted concentration of Uranium versus the measured concentration in an aqueous/organic solvent extraction unit. www.aeat.co.uk /mcpa/areas/software/facsimil/facsapps/app14.htm   (346 words)

Process and apparatus for liquid-liquid extraction - US Patent 6413429 The liquid to be extracted and the extraction liquid are continuously charged to a mixing chamber, where a dispersion is created by vigorous stirring. a phase separator where the extraction liquid and the liquid are separated by gravity and which is also equipped with an outlet for the extraction liquid and an outlet for the liquid. al., that the process according to the invention makes it possible to extract a component from a liquid using an extraction liquid which is immiscible or only partially miscible with the liquid, in which process the extraction liquid is dispersed in the liquid and then coalesced in a coalescer. www.patentstorm.us /patents/6413429.html   (2778 words)

Garg Scientific Glass Industries Liquid/liquid extraction is a process for separating the components of a mixture and is closely related to distillation. To meet the requirements of the processes involved in liquid/liquid extraction, a wide range of packings are available in various sizes and in different materials of construction. The complexity of liquid / liquid extraction processes makes it practically impossible to theoretically calculate, within the accuracy required, the design of an effective production scale plant. gargscientific.com /pulsedcolumn.htm   (733 words)

Modelling of industrial electrolyte solutions Liquid-liquid extraction or solvent extraction is the separation of a dissolved component from its solvent by transfer to a second solvent. Liquid-liquid extraction is the separation of the components of a fluid mixture by treatment with a solvent in which one or more of the desired components is preferentially soluble. The modified extended electrolyte NRTL model has proven to be able to correlate the two- and thee liquid phase equilibria including the progression with from one critical tie-lines (where one of the liquid phases splits into two identical phases) to the other critical tie-line (where two of the phases become equal again). www.dct.tudelft.nl /ttf/water.htm   (1733 words)

Extraction Liquid-Liquid extraction is a mass transfer operation in which a liquid solution (the feed) is contacted with an immiscible or nearly immiscible liquid (solvent) that exhibits preferential affinity or selectivity towards one or more of the components in the feed. Choosing a continuous phase is generally not available in batch processes, as the larger liquid phase usually becomes the continuous phase. The basic function of extraction equipment is to mix two phases, form and maintain droplets of dispersed phase and subsequently separate the phases. www.cheresources.com /extraction.shtml   (2403 words)

Liquid/liquid extraction/purification of impure solutions of rare earth values - Patent 4726938 The liquid membrane was prepared by the impregnation of the hollow fibers with an organic phase consisting of a crown ether, dicyclohexyl-21-C-7, in solution in tetrachloroethane, in a concentration of 0.1 M. The re-extraction solution was deionized water. Preferably, a liquid membrane is used which is conveniently prepared by the impregnation of a porous membrane with an organic phase typically containing, in addition to the extraction agent, an organic diluent. The liquid membrane Y was obtained by impregnation of a porous membrane. www.freepatentsonline.com /4726938.html   (4323 words)

Sequential injection liquid-liquid extraction - Patent 6613579 A conditioning chemical 20a, drawn from a chemical container 20 through a chemical conditioner line 20b, is included in the stack of liquid zones, along with the carrier solvent 16a, sample 4a, and extraction solvent 18a drawn through line 18b. The liquid zones are transferred from the holding/mixing coil to a separation cell. wherein the microprocessor is operative to stop flow through the separation cell during separation of liquids from the holding/mixing coil into an extract phase and a raffinate phase. www.freepatentsonline.com /6613579.html   (3085 words)

Liquid-Liquid Extraction for Surfactant-Contaminant Separation and Surfactant Reuse Finally, conclusions are drawn as to the impact of surfactants on liquid-liquid extraction processes, and the significance of these impacts on the optimization of surfactant-enhanced subsurface remediation. Liquid-liquid extraction was investigated for use with surfactant enhanced subsurface remediation. A surfactant liquid-liquid extraction model (SLLEM) was developed for batch equilibrium conditions based on contaminant partitioning between micellar, water, and solvent phases. www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?9702683   (196 words)

Liquid Liquid Extraction Column information The minimum requirement for the liquid extraction is the intimate contact of two immiscible liquids for the purpose of mass transfer of constituents from one liquid or phase to the other, followed by physical separation of the two immiscible liquids. The liquid extraction operation entails the transfer of one constituent of a solution to another liquid phase which is relatively immiscible (insoluble) in the first solution.   However, in liquid extraction density differences are significantly smaller and mechanical agitation of the liquids is frequently employed at each stage to increase the mass transfer rates. users.rowan.edu /~savelski/uol/liqliq.html   (1551 words)

The Recovery of Acetic by Liquid-Liquid Extraction Liquid-liquid extraction is also useful, independent of concentration, when other contaminants such as salts interfere with direct distillation. Mixtures containing up to 50% acetic acid can thus be treated by liquid-liquid extraction using MIBK as a solvent. The concentration the extraction column (Point M) should correspond to mixture of the feed and, at the bottom of the column, solvent saturated with water corresponding to the pint SE. www.ddpsinc.com /ProcessProfiles/pp50.html   (1088 words)

Hydroxylamine purification via liquid/liquid extraction - Patent 4166842 Associated with the extraction process of reaction (1) is a biphasial equilibrium constant, K, relating the concentration of the species in the organic phase to the concentration of the species in the aqueous phase. When said solutions are subjected to extraction with an organic extractant phase and said phase is subsequently stripped with sulfuric acid according to the process of the present invention, the resulting aqueous phase is highly enriched in hydroxylammonium sulfate relative to ammonium sulfate and partial crystallization yields pure hydroxylammonium sulfate. The extraction temperature is not critical for the extraction provided that it is maintained between the freezing point and the boiling point of the aqueous and organic phases. freepatentsonline.com /4166842.html   (4432 words)

Industrial Application Extraction is a common laboratory and commercial unit operation where one or more solutes are removed from a liquid by transferring the solute(s) into a second liquid phase. The only condition for a liquid-liquid extraction is that two liquid phases must be either totally or partially immiscible. However, if the boiling points of two liquids are close and even with different structures, the liquids cannot be separated by distillation. sol.rutgers.edu /~hatfield/extr04.htm   (217 words)

DROPLET POPULATION BALANCE BASED SIMULATION OF THE HYDRODYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF AN Liquid-liquid extraction processes are widely used in the chemical, biochemical and environmental field (Shallcross et al. The immiscible liquids are introduced into contacting equipment in order to produce a dispersion with sufficient interfacial area for mass transfer. Classical extraction apparati are mixer settler cascades or several typs of countercurrent extraction columns. www.uni-kl.de /LS-Bart/modes/chisa98/chisa98.html   (2965 words)

Forkeys_extraction The goal of this short tutorial is to give the organic chemistry laboratory student a feel for the power of acid-base liquid-liquid extraction for separation of mixtures of compounds that differ in their acidity and/or basicity. In liquid-liquid extraction we have two imiscible liquids that will separate into two layers (phases) in a test tube or separatory funnel. When a solute is dissolved in one of the imiscible liquids and the solution is shaken with the other phase, the solute A will partition (distribute) between the two layers until an equilibrium has been reached. www.chem.csus.edu /forkey/Extraction/Forkeys_extraction.html   (846 words)

Liquid-liquid extraction using 96-well plate format in conjunction with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for quantitative determination of methylphenidate ( Ritalin) in human plasma. Liquid-liquid extraction using 96-well plate format in conjunction with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for quantitative determination of methylphenidate (Ritalin) in human plasma.The assay was simple, fast, specific, and exhibited excellent ruggedness. Liquid-liquid extraction using 96-well plate format in conjunction with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for quantitative determination of methylphenidate (Ritalin) in human plasma. A semi-automated robotics method using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) in a 96-well plate format was developed and validated. www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/8499392.html   (209 words)

Liquid Liquid Extraction System In response to researchers' requests for early access to microfluidic solutions for sample preparation and other extraction applications, Micronics has introduced a prototype station that has been shown successfully to enable preparation of complex samples - including whole blood - for analysis or further chemical processing. In controlled studies, the LLES was used to extract antibiotics across their full physiologic concentration range directly from 80 microliters of whole blood in 4 minutes for subsequent HPLC analysis. The LLES is shown below - and includes pumps, cartridge holder and fluid inlet ports and valves. www.micronics.net /products/lles.php   (336 words)

Liquid / Liquid extraction Our patented, liquid/liquid extraction separator is often the centerpiece of a treatment system but is used only if it is needed for that job. We have also developed new Liquid Extraction Medium, JT 57. In most cases where polymers are used (even without oil present in the waste water stream) Liquid/Liquid extraction has cut chemical doses by as much as 50%. www.epsiusa.com /liquid.htm   (579 words)

CHEM 223 LAB Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Infrared Spectroscopy Next to distillation for the separation of liquid organic products, liquid-liquid extraction is one of the most common preparative laboratory separation method for both liquids and solids. The separation of very complex mixtures such as toluene, benzoic acid, benzyl amine, and phenol can be effected by simple liquid extraction methods where the differential solubility of the molecules is used to rapidly resolve the mixture. The solid is removed by pipetting the liquid away from the solid salt or the mixture can be filtered (by gravity or by vacuum filtration) to obtain the dry solvent containing the extracted compound. faculty.maryvillecollege.edu /bunde/extrac.html   (1603 words)

Annual Report of Osaka University A new demetalation process for residue oil has been investigated, based on a combination of UV irradiation and liquid-liquid extraction. In the present work, a new demetalation processes for residue oil, based on photodecomposition of vanadyl- and nickelporphyrins using UV light and extraction of the resulting materials, is studied, as one of our series works for desulfurization and denitrogenation of light oil and gasoline feedstocks [3, 4]. A simultaneous photoreaction and extraction process, using an oil/water system, was first studied. www.osaka-u.ac.jp /eng/research/selection/05a.html   (297 words)

Liquid-Liquid Extraction - solvent extraction - Pharmaceutical - Agricultural - Chemistry - Hydrometallurgy - Fragrances, Purification of essential oils - Rousselet Robatel Liquid - liquid extraction, also called solvent extraction, is a process that allows the separation of two or more components due to their unequal solubilities in two immiscible liquid phases. The liquid-liquid dispersion created during the mixing is then separated by gravity or by centrifugal force depending upon the type of extractor selected. The mixing provides a large interfacial area so that efficient mass transfer of the desired solute can occur between the two immiscible liquids. www.rousselet-robatel.com /products/lx.php   (267 words)

Dissertations, Essays on liquid - liquid extraction of Benzoic acid This was to be done using the stirred liquid-liquid extraction column in the senior laboratory. Dissertations, Essays on liquid - liquid extraction of Benzoic acid Fresh water was used as the continuous phase in the extraction. www.essayboom.com /essay/liquid__liquid_extraction_of_-98789.html   (113 words)

3.3 Liquid-Liquid Extraction If the two phases are immiscible liquids, the technique is called liquid-liquid extraction. A sequence of extractions with solvents of various solvents can be used to separate, with considerable efficiency, relatively complex mixtures. www.dsbscience.com /freepubs/forensic_intern/node23.html   (47 words)

Liquid For an extraction using a solvent that's heavier that water, the sequence of steps is almost the same. Thus, extraction with a heavy solvent is actually easier. Portions of solvent will be moved from the 50 mL red cylinder on the left to the 50 mL yellow one on the right. lonestar.utsa.edu /mpenick/liquid-liquid%20extraction.htm   (437 words)

Armfield - Liquid/Liquid Extraction Unit - UOP 5 Liquid/liquid extraction is a valuable process in chemical engineering where the separation of one or more of the components from a liquid mixture is required. The equipment, mounted in a floor standing, welded steel framework, consists of a glass liquid/liquid extraction column packed with Raschig rings together with an integral distillation column for solvent recovery. Water for the extraction column is pumped from a supply tank via a flow control valve and flowmeter to an injector in the base of the column and flows from an outlet pipe at the top to a collection tank. www.armfield.co.uk /uop5_datasheet.html   (461 words)

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