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Topic: Lisch nodules

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Neurofibromatosis

List of eponymous medical signs

	Karl Lisch (www.whonamedit.com)
		Karl Lisch was born in Kirchbichl, a village in North Tyrol, Austria, the son of a General practitioner.
		Lisch observed several brown nodules on the surface of the iris.
		Interestingly, the suggestion to designate iris nodules in neurofibromatosis as "Lisch nodules" as was probably made by the late Frederick C. Blodi (1917-1996) of Iowa City (written communication from W. Lisch, Hanau, Germany).
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/2580.h (1024 words)

	Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
		The presence of Lisch nodules was determined by one of the authors (SMC).
		Lisch nodules were characterized as being distributed superiorly, inferiorly, or equally in each eye.
		This study corroborated previously reported data regarding the prevalence of Lisch nodules in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 and found that Lisch nodules were predominantly located inferiorly on the iris.
	www.journalofpediatricophthalmology.com /showAbst.asp?thing=6224 (287 words)

	Von Recklinghausen Neurofibromatosis
		Lisch nodules were found in 80% of patients of all ages and in two-thirds of patients younger than 10 years.
		Lisch nodules were more frequent in familial cases than in sporadic cases, which is likely to be significant as the average age of the first exam was younger for familial cases in this study.
		Lisch nodules were said to be present in 57% of probands and 69.9% of affected relatives.
	www.lymphedemapeople.com /thesite/von_recklinghausen_neurofibromatosis.htm (11310 words)

	Lisch nodules (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Lisch (LISH) nodules are the most common sign of NF1, present in all adults with the disorder.
		They are tan or brown benign (non-cancerous) tumors on the iris of the eye, usually less than two millimeters in diameter.
		No, Lisch nodules do not become cancerous, impair vision or cause any other medical problems.
	learn.genetics.utah.edu /units/disorders/nf1/diagnosis/lischnodules.cfm (75 words)

	NF1 as a clinical entity
		The presence and nature of the main diagnostic signs – café-au-lait macules, freckles, neurofibromas and Lisch nodules – in several population or clinical studies from different countries were recently evaluated by Pöyhönen (2000a).
		Lisch nodules begin to develop in early childhood – they were seen in 20% of children aged under 6 years and in 65% of those aged under 11 years in the Northern Finnish series.
		The usefulness of Lisch nodules in the diagnosis of NF1 is well known, and if they are large enough, they are visible to the naked eye, but in young children the nodules are not yet present or are small, and are best seen with a slit lamp.
	herkules.oulu.fi /isbn9514271394/html/x302.html (1530 words)

	Neurology -- Correspondence for Wood and Egan, 64 (8) 1370
		Re: Inferior predilection of Lisch nodules with ptosis
		Without this important data, the sectoral proportion of the Lisch nodules over the iris surface might not be accurately computed and the validity of the hypothesis undoubtedly undermined.
		Inferior predilection of Lisch nodules with ptosis Neurology 2005; 64: 1370
	www.neurology.org /cgi/eletters/64/8/1370 (495 words)

	Lisch nodules - General Practice Notebook
		Lisch nodules are melanocytic hamartomas, usually clear yellow to brown, that appear as well defined, dome shaped elevations projecting from the surface of the iris.
		They may be seen without magnification but a slit lamp examination may be necessary to distinguish them from naevi on the iris which present as flat or minimally elevated, densely pigmented lesions with blurred margins.
		Lisch nodules are the most common clinical finding in adults over 20 years of age with type I neurofibromatosis.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /simplepage.cfm?ID=-596967400 (902 words)

	Iridology - Welcome to CNRI.EDU Iridodiagnostic & Iriscope Research Portal
		The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Lisch nodules are illustrated.
		The importance of iris nodules in genetic counselling of patients and their relatives is discussed, with emphasis on monosymptomatic cases.
		Histologically Lisch nodules are formed by aggregations of oval to round cells that form dome-shaped papules on the anterior layer of the iris.
	cnri.edu /content.asp?contentid=617 (200 words)

	Understanding NF1 \| Managing: What are my medical options?
		Lisch nodules, small bumps on the iris of the eye, can help in establishing a diagnosis of NF1.
		Examining the eye for Lisch nodules requires a specialized tool called a slit lamp and is usually done by a specialist.
		Lisch nodules, if present, are not medically significant and do not interfere with vision.
	www.understandingnf1.org /man/int_man_wam.html (547 words)

	View abstract
		Bilateral Lisch nodules are highly characteristic for neurofibromatosis 1(NF1).
		No Lisch nodules were detected in the 2 cases of NF 2, in 4 cases where the diagnosis of NF1 remained doubtfull and in 15 patients with negative screening.
		Because isolated unilateral Lisch nodules are very rare, clinical examination and history for NF1 are necessary to rule out segmental neurofibromatosis.
	www.ophthalmologia.be /plugins/abstracts/view_abstract.php?abs_id=224 (160 words)

	NYU SoM - Dept. of Dermatology
		Axillary freckling, café-au-lait macules, plexiform neurofibromas, and Lisch nodules were not present.
		Nodules elsewhere on the body, café-au-lait spots, axillary freckling, and Lisch nodules were absent.
		A diagnosis of segmental neurofibromatosis was made, and a biopsy specimen of a nodule showed a neurofibroma.
	www.med.nyu.edu /dermatology/sem_conf/111604-1.html (644 words)

	IUHS Student
		Lisch nodules generally appear after the age of six.
		The most common of these are facial angiofibromas, cerebral cortical tubers, subependymal nodules, giant cell astrocytomas, retinal glial hamartomas and astrocytomas, cardiac rhabdomyomas, renal angiomyolipomas, and subungual fibromas.
		The subependymal nodules contain clusters of large astrocytic cells and form drop-like masses that appear as "candle gutterings" on the ventricular surface.
	iuhs-isa.org /USMLE/CNS/Phacomatoses.htm (947 words)

	eMedicine - Neurofibromatosis-1 : Article by Andrew A Dahl, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Lisch nodules are melanocytic hamartomas, usually clear yellow to brown in color, that appear as well-defined, dome-shaped elevations projecting from the surface of the iris.
		Lisch nodules are the most common clinical finding in adults older than 20 years with NF-1.
		Lisch nodules of the iris are histopathologically identical to benign iris nevi.
	www.emedicine.com /oph/topic338.htm (2562 words)

	DermAtlas: Online Dermatology Image Library dermatology image,neurofibroma, plexiform,neurofibromatosis,neurofibroma, ...
		He also had Lisch nodules and orthopedic complications of neurofibromatosis type 1.
		40 year old female patient presented with swelling of left leg.On examination she was found to have few neurofibroma nodules with plexiform neurofibroma of left leg.
		Lisch nodules were noted on her irides on ophthalmologic consultation.
	dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu /derm/files/NEUROFIBROMA_PLEXIFORM.htm (730 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ophthalmologists occasionally diagnose or are involved in the care of patients with either form of neurofibromatosis given that affected individuals quite often have associated ocular disorders.
		The iris hamartomas (Lisch's nodules), are typically tan or brown, slightly elevated lesions, on the iris surface.
		Ninety-two percent of children with NF-1 over the age of five have Lisch's nodules, thereby making this finding important in helping to confirm the diagnosis.
	www.firstcolonialeyecenter.com /conditions/neurofibromatosis.htm (325 words)

	Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1)
		Individuals with NF-1 may also develop benign tumor-like nodules of the colored regions of the eyes (Lisch nodules) or tumors of the optic nerves (second cranial nerves), which transmit nerve impulses from the innermost, nerve-rich membrane of the eyes (retinas) to the brain.
		The presence of Lisch nodules is highly indicative of NF-1 as they occur in 97 percent of affected individuals.
		Freckling under the arm or in the area of the groin, along with Lisch nodules, are important criteria for the diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis Type 1.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord3.htm (3012 words)

	genome.gov \| NF1 Diagnostic Criteria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Lisch nodules are small benign tumors of the eye.
		Lisch nodules are very helpful in figuring out if someone has NF1 because they are not seen in any other disease.
		Sphenoid wing dysplasia and thinning of the cortex of the long bones and pseudoarthosis are changes in the bones that are unique to NF1.
	www.genome.gov /16015148 (536 words)

	Neurofibromatosis 1 in Childhood
		NF1 is characterised by the presence of neurocutaneous stigmata such as cafe au lait spots, axillary freckling and cutaneous neurofibromas, and iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules).
		Lisch nodules (dome shaped elevations on the surface of the iris seen with a slit lamp; Figure 4) are pathognomonic of NF1.
		Lisch nodules - these are small pigmented lumps in the iris (the coloured part of the eye).
	www.nfaa.org.au /resources/nf1_2.html (6374 words)

	Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
		John C. Nichols, MD; Josh E Amato, MD; Sophia M. Chung, MD Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant phakomatosis defined by the National Institutes of Health by the criteria outlined in the table.
		Lisch nodules are hamartomatous lesions of the iris composed of melanocytes and spindle cells in the stroma and on the anterior surface that are found in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.
		Clinical experience at our institution suggests that Lisch nodules are typically bilaterally symmetric and predominantly located inferiorly on the iris.
	www.journalofpediatricophthalmology.com /showAbst.asp?thing=5860 (177 words)

	Neurofibromatosis & Its Genetic Implications
		NF1 is an autosomal dominant inherited disease characterized by multiple café-au-lait spots, numerous fibromas, and Lisch nodules.
		Lisch nodules, or iris harmartomas, are the most common manifestation of NF1.
		They are dome shaped, elevated, avascular, melanocytic nodules of the iris with a smooth shape and some translucency (Baskin 1-3).
	www.freeessays.cc /db/41/skx286.shtml (1269 words)

	Clinical Signs of Neurofibromatosis 1
		Individuals with NF1 commonly present with pigmentary abnormalities including cafe-au-lait macules (light colored "birthmarks"), skinfold freckling, and Lisch nodules (benign growths on the iris).
		Lisch nodules are benign pigmented growths on the iris, usually in both eyes.
		Freckling is commonly seen in patients with NF1 in areas of the body not exposed to the sun, like the armpits and groin.
	www.neuro.wustl.edu /neurogenetics/clinic-NF1.html (327 words)

	Ophthalmological manifestations in segmental neurofibromatosis type 1 -- Ruggieri et al. 88 (11): 1429 -- British ...
		nodules in the iris, congenital or acquired glaucoma, choroidal
		Lisch nodules were absent in probands and their relatives.
		Lisch nodules were not encountered in the present series regardless
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/88/11/1429 (3280 words)

	Segmental neurofibromatosis
		Eight, soft, skin-colored papules ranging in size from 3 to 7 mm were present in the left antecubital fossa.
		Histopathology reveals a well-circumscribed spindle-cell neoplasm whose cells are arranged as fascicles and have oval or spindle-shaped, wavy nuclei and scant cytoplasm.
		Lisch nodules are rarely seen in segmental NF.
	dermatology.cdlib.org /114/NYU/NYUtexts/1116041.html (642 words)

	Indian Pediatrics - Images in Clinical Practice
		An eight-year-old male child born to non-consanguineous parents presented with multiple light brown patches over the body since seven years and few soft pinkish nodules on the trunk and arms since six years.
		Eye examination revealed few yellowish dome-shaped lesions found superficially around the iris on slit-lamp examination in all three and these were identified as Lisch nodules or iris hamartomas (Fig.
		Appearance of Lisch nodules are age dependent; 5% in below 2 years, 42% in 3-4 year olds, 55% in 5-6 years olds, 80% in 9-14 year olds and 10% in adults.
	www.indianpediatrics.net /june2001/june-676-677.htm (320 words)

	CME - Skin Signs - Online Continuing Medical Education with the Master of Pediatrics CME Conference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		OK, the most specific finding that you might see with neurofibromatosis type 1 are Lisch nodules, and Lisch nodules are really helpful to confirm a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 in adults.
		But the punch line here is that if you have an absence of Lisch nodules in a patient who you think has neurofibromatosis type 1, don't be deterred, they usually don't have Lisch nodules.
		What I want to stress, in young children with neurofibromatosis type 1, is that the learning disabilities are incredibly common, and that's important from a primary care intervention standpoint with a prevalence of about 50% of learning disabilities in neurofibromatosis type 1.
	www.mastersofpediatrics.com /cme/cme2003/lecture10_1.asp (889 words)

	Final Diagnosis -- Case 389
		It is part of a group of disorders called phakomatoses (neurocutaneous syndromes), characterized by benign tumor-like nodules of the eye, skin, and brain.
		Clinically, NF1 is characterized by skin neurofibromas, café au lait spots, iris tumors (also known as Lisch's nodules), and optic nerve gliomas.
		By the teenage years, Lisch nodules or iris hamartomas are observed in virtually all patient's with NF1, and they are commonly used as diagnostic markers of the disease.
	path.upmc.edu /cases/case389/dx.html (2193 words)

	Neurofibromatosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		They may form skin nodules or masses of tissue deep in the body.
		Small brown tumors (Lisch nodules) often appear on the colored part of the eye (iris) in people with NF1.
		Lisch nodules cause no medical problems and may show up around ages 6 to 10.
	orthoinfo.aaos.org /fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=402&topcategory=Children (1199 words)

	DermAtlas: Online Dermatology Image Library dermatology image,neurofibroma, plexiform,neurofibromatosis,café au lait ...
		This 12-year-old girl had multiple café au lait macules and a large spongy subcutaneous tumor of the right side of the face.
		This 20-year-old man developed multiple generalized soft hyperpigmented nodules associated with multiple café au lait macules.
		The cardinal features of this disorder are multiple neurofibromas, café au lait spots, axillary and inguinal freckling, and pigmented iris hamartomas (Lisch nodules).
	dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu /derm/files/NEUROFIBROMATOSIS.htm (2293 words)

	NEJM -- Medical Mystery: The Answer
		dome-shaped elevations on the surface of the iris, or Lisch
		Lisch nodules are melanocytic hamartomas that are either
		have Lisch nodules, whereas at the age of 20 years 100 percent
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/extract/343/21/1573?ck=nck (149 words)

	Lisch Karl Lisch. Austrian Ophthalmologist, Born July 24, 1907, Kirchbichl, North Tyrol; Died Associ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		They are tan or brown benign (non-cancerous) tumors on the iris of the eye, usually less.
		5 cm diameter lesions in an adult), axillary freckling, numerous fibromas, and Lisch nodules or iris hamartomas Few neurofibromas are present.
		Lisch nodules--iris nevi--are pigmented hamartomas of the iris and are pathognomonic for neurofibromatosis.
	www.99hosted.com /names11826.html (367 words)

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