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Topic: List of Basques

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	The Idler,vIIn15
		The Basques fought Franco bitterly during the Civil War, and it was no accident that he unleashed the Nazi German planes under his command against the traditional Basque town of Guernica - a terrible destruction immortalized by Pablo Picasso's painting.
		I have visited the Basque region many times in the last 25 years and, for the first time, I sensed that young, educated Basques were not repeating hoary slogans about past injustices but were more concerned about future development.
		The house was destroyed during the Franco era, and the Basques managed to salvage a balcony and a few stones, which are on display in the lobby of the modern building.
	www.geocities.com /dcjarviks/Idler/vIIn15.html (1385 words)

	Basque people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Basques are now predominantly found in an area known as the Basque Country, consisting of four provinces in Spain and three in France, located around the western edge of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay.
		Basques as a subgroup of Iberians: This hypothesis is based in the occasional use by Basques of the Iberian alphabet and the fact that Julius Caesar described Aquitanians as Iberians.
		Basque cuisine is at the heart of Basque culture, influenced by the neighbouring communities and the excellent produce from the sea and the land.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Basques (9604 words)

	Buber's Basque Page: Basques
		Nevertheless, Euskera is still spoken in the Basque Country at both sides of the Spanish/French borders, mostly in rural areas, in fishing villages and in some urban environs.
		The Basque language was not written until the 16th century, but that was not obstacle to creating a rich oral literature, kept alive up to the present times by the "bertsolarismo" and the pastorals.
		Today Basque schools are in the process of becoming part of the Basque state school, but in the French Basque Country, and some parts of Navarre, Basque schools are the only ones which provide teaching in Basque.
	www.members.aol.com /minoritas/basken.htm (1782 words)

	LINGUIST List 8.671: Trask: The History of Basque
		The Basques are more heavily built than their neighbours, and are known more for their physical prowess than artistic or intellectual achievements - as Trask points out the Spanish national (football) team is typically almost half Basque, and the goalkeeper is always a Basque (p.35).
		Basque is eminently investigatable by means of internal reconstruction, and hypothesis can tested by comparison with ancient records and examination of the vast body of loan words in the language.
		Now that we understand the historical phonological development of Basque we are in a position to recognise hundreds of loans, including examples which have previously been compared to Caucasic etyma in the mistaken belief that they are native Basque forms.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/8/8-671.html (2313 words)

	Alibris: Basques
		Basque Violence is in fact a pioneering attempt to give a fully contextualized cultural account of the endemic conflict engaging Basque villagers both as protagonists and as spectators.
		In "An Enduring Legacy," brothers John and Mark Bieter chronicle three generations of Basque presence in Idaho from 1890 to the present, an engaging story that begins with a few solitary sheepherders and follows their evolution into the prominent ethnic community they are today.
		Of all of the literatures of the Iberian peninsula, that of the Basque people is probably the least known among the cognoscenti of the English-speaking world.
	www.alibris.com /search/books/subject/Basques (714 words)

	List of Basques - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of famous Basque people.
		It includes people born or resident in the Basque Country and people born elsewhere with significant Basque ancestry.
		Sabino Arana, founder of the Basque Nationalist Party.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Basques (408 words)

	Image:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		List of dignitaries at the funeral of Pope John Paul II
		List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions per capita
		List of twin towns and sister cities in Argentina
	www.browser9.com /index.php?q=aHR0cDovL2VuLndpa2lwZWRpYS5vcmcvd2lraS9JbWFnZTpGbGFnX29mX3RoZV9Eb21pbmljYW5fUmVwdWJsaWMuc3Zn (695 words)

	Re-Counting Basques
		In 1980 the smaller the Basque population of a particular state the greater was the probability of error.
		Given the highly circumscribed immigration of Basques into the country over the past several decades, a majority of the respondents were born in the United States.
		Therefore the overall growth of the Basque population of the United States is largely attributable to natural increase among Basque-Americans, coupled with their disposition to continue to self-identify as Basques.
	basque.unr.edu /09/9.3/9.3.47t/9.3.47.06.recount.htm (1388 words)

	Basques in Science Fiction
		This annotated bibliography list, a subset derived from the Adherents.com Religion in Literature database, is intended as a resource for literary research.
		The Basque were the oldest people in Europe, and proud of their heritage.
		The Pyrenees marched to the water of the Bay of Biscay, and the Basques were on either side of the border between Spain and France, speaking their own language...
	www.adherents.com /lit/sf_basque.html (996 words)

	Preservation Online: Story of the Week Archives: What the Basques Left
		These guesthouses were important to the Basque community; this is where they met their future wives, where they lived until they bought their own homes, which tended to be temporary dwellings.
		As Basques embraced their new country, of course, they also retained many of the traditions of their homeland—like pelota, one of the oldest sports in history.
		Some Boise residents, like Dan Ansotegui, whose grandparents were born in the Basque country and migrated in the early 1900s, believe that the younger generation identifies less and less with its Basque roots and don't claim their Basque heritage on the census.
	www.nationaltrust.org /magazine/archives/arch_story/061005.htm (1216 words)

	In Basque Region's Capital, Fear Lingers Despite a Truce - New York Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		ETA is notorious for its extensive network of informants who stake out the bars, gyms, parks and public spaces of this city, gathering tips on residents who might oppose independence from Spain and passing them on to the group's archivists, who put them into files.
		Although separatist attacks in the Basque region have often failed to draw as much attention as attacks in Madrid and other areas of Spain, the bulk of the group's more than 800 killings have occurred here.
		In some ways Vitoria, the capital of the Spanish Basque region, is an anomaly in Western Europe, many residents say, in that democracy and freedom of expression have never been able to fully take root here, stifled by the violence.
	www.nytimes.com /2006/03/25/international/europe/25basques.html?ex=1300942800&en=9bb8d0251eb807f9&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss (825 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > World -- Spanish court bars hundreds of Basque nationalists from running in election
		That lower court struck down 241 lists of candidates for town halls in three Basque provinces and neighboring Navarra, totaling about 1,500 politicians.
		The Supreme Court had said Basque nationalists have formed new parties to skirt its March verdict outlawing Batasuna on grounds it engaged in terrorism as part of the armed separatist group ETA.
		The parties present lists of candidates, and the number of seats they win is determined by the percentage of votes they garner.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/world/20030509-0405-spain-basques.html (296 words)

	Buber's Basque Page: Main Page
		This film is narrated by John Randolph and stars my father Jesus Plaza, and the late Basque activist/writer, Mario de Salegui, as well as interviews with the survivors, their recollections on that attrocious day, and what it means to be a Basque, culturally, socially, politically, creatively.
		New Basque Cultural Magazine: Inaki of Durango Tatu, who has sent in a number of photos of his tattoo work now on display in the Photo Album, also told me about a new cultural magazine.
		Basque Portraits: Zoe Bray is a naturalist painter and social anthropologist, currently concentrating on painting the portraits of inhabitants of the Basque Country.
	www.buber.net /Basque (2266 words)

	Mark Kurlansky, The Basque History of the World
		Bilbao in the Basque country is one of the world's greatest modern buildings.
		Basque soldiers joined with the Allies in hopes that their territory would be liberated from the fascists at the end of the World War II, but this did not happen.
		Kurlansky's one significant omission is that of the extensive cooperative movement in the Basque country.
	www.rambles.net /kurlansky_basq99.html (789 words)

	Explanation of Events for the Timeline of the Witch Hunts
		This list includes a selection of events, people, books and more directly and indirectly related to the Witch Hunts.
		Its listing and classification of various forms of magic help illustrate the contexts of beliefs during his time and long after.
		He was disappointed that he could only burn about 600 people, since he believed most Basques in the region to be witches.
	departments.kings.edu /womens_history/witch/witchlist.html (7420 words)

	[No title]
		After the 16th cent., Basque prosperity declined and emigration became common, especially in the 19th cent.
		Basque privileges remained in force under the Spanish monarchy, but in 1873 they were abolished because of the Basques' pro-Carlist stand in the Carlist Wars.
		Elejalde or Elexalde is a common name and many villages have a zone or part named Elexalde, because of that there are a lot of houses with this name, and is difficult to know the origin of a family (in the provinve of Bizkaia there are 20 houses, and in Gipuzkoa 8 or 9.
	www.lycos.com /info/basques--miscellaneous.html?page=2 (479 words)

	New Page 1
		The older Basque lady took Trinity’s hand and told her that "being Basque isn't just in your blood, it's in your heart." Following the Rousseau mentality, identity is derived not from without but from within.
		Yes, Basques dress up differently and participate in dance and games during their festivals, but those outfits and traditions are not unique when you look around their European source to see that many Spanish and French neighbors practiced much the same.
		Basques are of course human beings, and earlier attempts to establish them as a distinct race were erroneous.
	www.basqueclubs.com /Pages/aukerak.htm (9549 words)

	The Basque Block
		It was first rented by Basques for use as a boarding house in 1910 and was purchased by the Uberuaga family in 1917 and continued to be used as a boarding house until 1969.
		Adelia Garro Simplot purchased the house in 1983 to save it from being torn down and the Basque Museum and Cultural Center (a non-profit organization created to help preserve and perpetuate Basque culture for future generations) was formed in 1985 and assumed it from her.
		The Basque Center (Euzkaldunak, Inc.), the Basque Museum and Cultural Center, and the Oinkari Basque Dancers are all members of this organization.
	www.boisebasques.com (908 words)

	Basques are brothers of the Celts
		WELSH and Irishmen are genetic blood-brothers of the Basque people, according to a study published today.
		The Basques are thought to be the closest descendants of the Palaeolithic people who established the first settlements in Britain more than 10,000 years ago.
		The evidence of a link is in a study by James Wilson and Prof David Goldstein of University College London, with colleagues at Oxford University and the University of California, Davis.
	www.goldenageproject.org.uk /92basques.html (182 words)

	LINGUIST List 12.1554: Barbour & Carmichael, Lg & Nationalism
		The ambiguous relationship between Galician and Portuguese is dealt with insightfully, from the perspectives of political history (the shift of political power south to Lisbon), historical linguistics (the effect of Mozarabic influence on the latter), and sociolinguistics (competing reintegrationist and isolationist movements in Galicia).
		The combined list of references at the end of the volume is a wealth of bibliographic sources for anyone who wants to examine the primary sources firsthand.
		The result is that quite a few national or linguistic groups (e.g., Francophones, the Slovenes, the Basques) cross the geographical divisions of the study.
	www.linguistlist.org /issues/12/12-1554.html (2277 words)

	The Gernika oak is a symbol of Basque freedoms. - Goddess_Mari - Care2.com
		The Basques either chose their easily defended home in the Pyrenees or, what is more likely, were forced into it at some time in the past.
		The rugged Basque territory is ideal for banditry and it is not surprising that the Basques could still survive despite oppressive neighbours.
		The Navarrese and the Basques from Guipúzcoa, Vizcaya and Álava were able to keep a large degree of self-government of their provinces in Spain and France, functioning practically as separate nation-states: the fueros gave each Basque province separate local laws, taxes and law courts.
	www.care2.com /c2c/groups/disc.html?gpp=3387&pst=174351&archival= (4386 words)

	Books
		Titles from the Basque Textbook Series, Basque Classics Series, Basque Conference Papers Series, Basque Diaspora and Migration Studies Series, and Basque Literature Series are published by the Center for Basque Studies and distributed by the University of Nevada Press.
		The aim of this series is to present to the English-speaking world the most important works of contemporary Basque literature, with the translations being done directly from Basque into English.
		Funding is provided as part of an agreement between the Center for Basque Studies, the Department of Education, Department of Culture, and the Presidency of the Basque Government.
	www.basque.unr.edu /09/9.2.1t/9.2.1.books.htm (647 words)

	Cyndi's List - Spain & the Basque Country / España y El País Vasco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Bibliography listing titles for research on two primary topics: histories of American families of Hispanic origin, and histories of places in the United States settled by people of Hispanic origin.
		A "moderated" mailing list, gatewayed with the soc.culture.basque "moderated" newsgroup, that provides Basques the world over with a virtual place to discuss social, political, cultural or any other issues related to Basques, or to request information and discuss matters related to the Basque people and/or their culture.
		Genealogy-related issues are often discussed on the list though the main topics of discussion are socio-political current affairs, gastronomy, Basque music, poetry, anthropology (e.g., origin of Basques), etc.
	www.cyndislist.com /spain.htm (2206 words)

	European Union Expands Its List of Terrorist Groups
		Now, after some domestic political wrangling, it has added the Basque separatist group E.T.A, groups from both sides of the Northern Ireland conflict, like the Real I.R.A. and the Loyalist Volunteer Force, and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and the Izzedine al-Qassam Brigades, which the list refers to as Hamas's terrorist arm.
		Nor is Hezbollah of Lebanon, though one of its leaders is on a list of individuals whose assets are to be frozen.
		New lists of groups proposed by other countries who are candidates for membership in the union are apparently being considered.
	www.refuseandresist.org /newrepression/122901eulist.html (619 words)

	Wreck of the brig Dispatch, Londonderry to Quebec 1828
		The mate informs me that 200 passengers were said to be on board, though he thinks several infants were not reckoned, as their passage was not paid, and the crew, master included, were eleven in number.
		By a comparison of numbers, it appears that thirty-six at least were drowned; of that number two infants were washed from their mother's breast, whilst on the rock, and of one family, six were swept off after they obtained a footing.
		I have taken the liberty of troubling you with the list, as from your situation at the port whence the vessel sailed, you will most propably have the readiest means of making the same known, and thus quieting the feelings of relatives and friends at once.
	www.theshipslist.com /ships/Wrecks/dispatch1828.htm (863 words)

	Better for Basques \| BlogHer
		In case you're unclear on the reality of ETA, there's a short post here by a woman who lost her father to an ETA attack in 1985.
		The Basque region within Spain is already semi-autonomous, and ending violent protest is a good way to stop giving the Spanish government just cause for poking their nose in Basque affairs.
		But it is really good news to know that they are willing to lay down their arms and massage the wheels of politics in a more civilized and terror-free manner to attempt to do so.
	blogher.org /node/3669 (248 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| Basque groups on US terror list
		The ban, which was upheld by Spain's supreme court in March, was the first ban on a political party since the death in 1975 of dictator General Francisco Franco.
		Mr Powell signed the decree just one day before he visited Madrid, but its announcement was delayed, according to usual practice, to ensure that the organisations named would not have time to dodge financial sanctions by placing their funds out of reach of US authorities.
		Ordinarily members of groups placed on the list are also subject to a US visa ban.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/3008509.stm (437 words)

	[No title]
		In the United States, these are little- known places that you will have to seek out, but the delicious food is well worth the effort.
		It is hoped that this list will help you find one near you or make it possible for you to visit one on a future trip.
		Whatever the feelings in the rest of Spain, a united Europe is an idea that resonates with Basques.
	www.lycos.com /info/basques--united-states.html?page=2 (259 words)

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