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Topic: List of Catalan Presidents

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Josep Irla i Bosch

Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya

ERC

	Situation and Outlook - Government
		The tradition in periods of "cohabitation" (president of one party, Prime Minister of another) is for the president to exercise the primary role in foreign and security policy, with the dominant role in domestic policy falling to the Prime Minister and his government.
		The cabinet is appointed by the president upon the proposal of the chancellor and the chancellor functions as the Prime Minister of the cabinet.
		The president of South Korea is KIM Dae-jung and the prime minister is Kim ching-p’il.
	www.ianr.unl.edu /kendrick/411/government-S00.html (19210 words)

	Politics of Spain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		President Aznar and the PP won reelection in March 2000, obtaining absolute majorities in both houses of parliament.
		It is headed by the president of the government (Prime Minister) who is elected by the lower house of parliament (Congress of Deputies) having to win a majority of votes in the first round of voting and a plurality in the successive rounds of voting.
		In 1979, the first autonomous elections were held in the Basque and Catalan regions, which have the strongest local traditions by virtue of their history and separate languages.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Spain (3289 words)

	Italy - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The 1948 constitution established a bicameral parliament (Parlamento), consisting of a Chamber of Deputies (Camera dei Deputati) and a Senate (Senato della Repubblica), a separate judiciary, and an executive branch composed of a Council of Ministers (cabinet) (Consiglio dei ministri), headed by the prime minister (Presidente del consiglio dei ministri).
		The President of the Republic (Presidente della Repubblica) is elected for 7 years by the parliament sitting jointly with a small number of regional delegates.
		Some 15,000 Catalan speakers reside around the area of Alghero in the north-west corner of Sardinia - believed to be the result of a migration of a large group of Catalans from Barcellona in ages past.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/i/t/a/Italy.html (1813 words)

	Catalan Countries' fight, forward to freedom : Thunderbay IMC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Catalan Countries are divided in sections by the Spanish state in three "regions": Principality of Catalonia (four provinces), Valencian Country (three provinces), and the Balearic Islands (one province).
		The Catalan language disappeared from all the public organisms, its use was banned and it was also banned to teach it in schools.
		The Catalan language could only be used in the family life, and those that showed any Catalan sign, or those that had been elected members of the Catalan government were imprisoned, assassinated or had to go into exile.
	thunderbay.indymedia.org /print.php?id=18692 (1807 words)

	Generalitat de Catalunya (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In 1939, President Companys marched into exile, but in 1940 he was returned to Francoist Spain by German agents, and was shot at the Castle of MontjuÃ¯c in Barcelona.
		The succession of presidents of the Generalitat was maintained in exile from 1939 to 1977, when Josep Tarradellas returned to Catalonia and was recognized as the legitimate president by the Spanish government.
		The Catalan Statute is still in force today, and presently under reform, in order to extend and protect Catalonian autonomy (against what the vast majority of the Generalitat see as a centralist backlash from the Spanish government).
	www.haywardcaus.com /info/Generalitat_de_Catalunya (1130 words)

	U.S.ENGLISH Foundation Official Language Research - Spain: Legislation
		Catalan had been banned in the school system during the Franco period and it was not until 1970/71 when it started to be taught at schools.
		Catalan spoken in País Valencià, indirectly named as "Valencian" in Article 7 of the Statute of the Valencian Autonomous Community, was presented to have different modality in comparison with the Catalan language spoken elsewhere.
		As such, Catalan is the language of normal and preferential use in all Catalan public administration bodies and in the public media, and is also the language of normal use for teaching and learning in the education system.
	www.us-english.org /foundation/research/olp/viewResearch.asp?CID=31&TID=1 (10442 words)

	The Ultimate List of Presidents of Comoros Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		While president, he died at the age of 62, at his palace in the capital Moroni, only hours after returning from a visit to Turkey and Spain.
		Interim president because Azali resigned his position to run in the 14 April 2002 presidential elections.
		Azali elected president with 75% of the vote in the 14 April 2002 elections.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/List_of_Presidents_of_Comoros (326 words)

	Chapter 4: Praetorian Politics in Liberal Spain
		The Assembly movement of July 1917, initiated by the Lliga Regionalista and seconded by Catalan Republicans, the Reformists (the party of the Asturian bourgeoisie), and the Socialists, was an abortive attempt to modify the Restoration settlement of Cánovas, which had concentrated political power in the hands of the agrarian interests of Castile and Andalusia.
		From the beginning, the Catalan bourgeoisie were uncomfortable with their new allies, especially the Socialists, whose goals exceeded the purely political transformation envisioned by the Lliga.
		It was a measure of Cambó's persuasiveness and of the general disillusionment with Dato that the Liberal president of the Cortes allowed one of the Assembly's study commissions to meet in the Palace of the Cortes itself in mid-October.
	libro.uca.edu /boyd/chapter4.htm (10963 words)

	Politics Encyclopedia Articles @ OfficialTexts.com (Official Texts) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Chadian President Idriss Déby fires Livestock Minister Mahamat Allamine Bourma Treye and Decentralization Minister Mahamat Abdoulaye, who served as the Livestock Minister in Déby's second term, accusing them of embezzling 277 million CFA Francs.
		A 235-193 vote in the U.S. House of Representatives falls short of the 2/3 majority needed to override President George W. Bush's first-ever veto of a bill intended to reauthorize federal funding of embryonic stem cell research (see Stem cell controversy).
		Information on politics by country is available for every List of countries, that means each country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty (compare: History by country).
	www.officialtexts.com /encyclopedia/Politics (2976 words)

	Special Collections -- Library of Congress Geography and Maps: An Illustrated Guide
		Submitted to President Washington on August 26, 1791, this event was commemorated by the Library two centuries later, on August 26, 1992, with the publication of a full-color facsimile reproduction and a newly created computer-generated (digitized) version of the plan.
		Among the most distinctive are an anonymous Catalan chart of the Mediterranean Sea dated before 1350 (the earliest portolan chart in the Western Hemisphere); and Samuel de Champlain's chart of his three-year exploration of the northeast coast of North America, which he drew on vellum during the winter of 1606 to 1607.
		One of three original maps depicting the maritime explorations of the coasts of the United States, this historical chart of the Atlantic Coast was compiled by the German geographer Johann Georg Kohl in 1856 for the U.S. Coast Survey.
	www.loc.gov /rr/geogmap/guide/gmillspc.html (5863 words)

	Iberia and Ibero-America on the Internet: A Selected List
		List devoted to discussions on issues such as academic networks in Ibero-America, and compilation of a directory of Ibero-American scholars.
		List intended to provide a forum for the sharing of information and discussion within the academic health professions.
		A list of newspapers and news magazines devised by the New York Metro Libraries (28 academic, research and special libraries in the New York City area).
	area.lib.umn.edu /iberintr.html (2715 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Spain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Catalan, Galician, Aranese (Occitan) and Castilian are all descended from Latin and some of them have their own dialects, some championed as separate languages by their speakers.
		A particular case is the Valencian, name given to a variety of Catalan, that also has the co-official language status recognized in Autonomous Community of Valencia.
		The opposite is the case of a large part of Catalans, Basques and, in some measure, Galicians, who quite frequently identify, respectively, primarily with Catalonia, the Basque Country, and Galicia first, with Spain only second, or even third after Europe.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Spain (8131 words)

	The Ultimate Aragon - American History Information Guide and Reference
		Aragon (Spanish: Aragón; Aragonese language: Aragón; Catalan: Aragó) is an autonomous community of north-eastern Spain.
		Catalan is spoken as well in some comarques (counties) adjacent to Catalonia, in particular: the Ribagorzan dialect in Ribagorza (capital Benabarre) and Litera (capital Binefar), and a dialect similar to that of Terra Alta in Matarraña (capital Valderrobres) and Bajo Cinca (capital Fraga).
		The dynastic union of Castile and Aragon in 1479, when Ferdinand II of Aragon wed Isabella I of Castile, led to the formal creation of Spain as a single entity in 1516.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Aragon (536 words)

	Chapter 5: Praetorian Politics in Liberal Spain
		His announcement of his intentions on February 27 provoked the departure of the two Catalans from the cabinet and opened an ongoing political crisis that the hapless García Prieto was powerless to resolve.
		Promotions to general would be made from the top one-third of the lists, proportional to the percentage of each corps within the army as a whole, in order to combat the traditional favoritism shown officers from the technical branches.
		Since his removal from the presidency of the Infantry Junta in December, Márquez had not fallen into oblivion but [105] had kept the problem of the Juntas alive by taking his case to the country in a letter of denunciation and revelation published in El Mundo on January 30.
	libro.uca.edu /boyd/chapter5.htm (9484 words)

	Catalan 's Countries ' fight, forward to freedom : IMC Maritimes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Principality of Catalonia, the Valencian Country, and the Balearic Islands form the Catalan Countries, where you are now - territories under the Spanish state administration -, and the North of Catalonia - in the French state.
		Being catalan, a true catalan because my 8 greatgreatparents were catalans, I know that all these lies that you can read in this page are the result of the cultural and information control that exists in Catalunya.
		Parties and persons that don't consider me catalan because I don't think like them....I can say for example that Antonio Gaudí a realtive of mine was never imprisoned or detained for speaking catalan...
	maritimes.indymedia.org /news/2005/02/9802.php (2210 words)

	New Zealand Mathematical Societu Newsletter Number 83, December 2001
		Council appointed the President and Professor Gaven Martin (Auckland) as the NZMS representatives on this Committee for 2001.
		David was President of the NZMS in 1981-1982, and he belongs also to the Mathematical Societies of Allahabad, Australia and USA.
		As the topics listed indicate, the authors are not afraid to introduce ideas of some difficulty, but what they rigorously demonstrate is inevitably only a part of this.
	ifs.massey.ac.nz /mathnews/NZMS83/news83.htm (17750 words)

	FAQ: bit.listserv.transplant, Organ transplant ng (Part 2 of 4) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Policies governing the transplant community are developed by the UNOS membership through a series of regional meetings, deliberations at the national committee level and final approval by a 32 member board of directors, equally represented by physicians and nonphysicians.
		List of waiting times at some US lung transplant centers -------------------------------------------------------- Waiting time estimates were given by a center employee on April 1995.
		A complete list of lung transplant centers is available from UNOS: (from Joel Newman ) Please specify the programs for whom you want data and give us a snail-mail address (there is a user's guide that accompanies the data, and it's almost always too much to fax).
	www.faqs.org /faqs/medicine/transplant-faq/part2 (6339 words)

	Crosswalk.com - Bible Pathways 9/16/2001
		Daniel was preferred above the presidents and princes.
		Then the presidents and princes sought to find occasion against Daniel (6:1,3-4).
		In an effort to destroy him, they said to the king: We have consulted together to establish a royal statute, and to make a firm decree, that whosoever shall ask a petition of any God or man for thirty days, except you, O king, he shall be cast into the den of lions.
	www.crosswalk.com /faith/devotionals/biblepathways/723104.html (601 words)

	The Ultimate United States Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		Following the European colonization of the Americas, thirteen colonies split from Britain and formed the United States, the world's first constitutional federalist republic, after their Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the Revolutionary War (1775–1783).
		All the figures shown are for the population within the city limits, which is the main usage of the word "city" in the United States.
		A county by county map of plurality ethnic groups reveals that the areas with the largest "American" ancestry populations were mostly settled by English, Scottish, Irish and Welsh (the percentages of whom should consequently be slightly larger).
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/United_States (4056 words)

	English Usage Archives Page
		After posting my own short list of things that ought to be banned from weblogs, I realized that a list of things to be encouraged would be more useful.
		Former President Bill Clinton used the phrase "a big deal" all the time - on more than 75 occasions between January 1993 and May 1996, in fact, to describe everything from a pending crime bill to a Western buffalo preserve to the joys of homeownership to the deer population of Arkansas.
		She includes a list of examples: e.g., "mental" is non-U, whereas "mad" is so U; "home," as in "they have a lovely home," is horribly non-U, while "house" is fabulously U. When I tested these 50-year-old edicts on Lady G. and Ms.
	www.yaelf.com /archives.shtml (17598 words)

	Real Madrid F.C. Fan site - Clubdetails
		The Santiago Bernabeu Trophy is held in honour of former president Santiago Bernabeu, and since 1979 played annually, before the Primera League begins as a final preparation for the team.
		Manuel Dalmaciu, president of Benfica, Roberto Bettega, representative of Juventus; Adriano Galiani, representative of Milano; and Ramón Mendoza, president of Real Madrid, meet in Madrid and they found the Association of European Champion Clubs, the source of what will become later the G-14.
		The president of the Spanish Soccer Federation, Angel María Villar, gave the Champion Cup to the captain of Madrid, Manuel Sanchis.
	footballclub.bravehost.com /history.htm (9610 words)

	Lunch With Independent Communities' Presidents - Royal Blue Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This is the first time that the Conference of the Autonomic Presidents met the president of the Government and all the leaders of the autonomies.
		Also, the Prince had to his right to the president Andalusian, Manuel Chaves, and to the Cantabrian Miguel Revilla Angel to his left, whereas the Princess had the Asturian president, Vicente Alvarez Areces, to the right and the president of the Rioja, Pedro Sanz, to the left.
		MENU the lunch in the Real Palace with which the Kings flattered the autonomic presidents consisted of soup of fish and seafood with fried bread, medallón of calf to the red wine and capuchina cake with chocolate ice cream, all watered it with white wines and red.
	forums.rbhq.net /showthread.php?t=2620 (1460 words)

	The Ultimate List of Presidents of Nigeria Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		This page contains a list of presidents and other heads of state of Nigeria since 1963.
		6 Presidents of the Armed Forces Ruling Council of Nigeria, 1985-1993
		Presidents of the Armed Forces Ruling Council of Nigeria, 1985-1993
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/List_of_Presidents_of_Nigeria (234 words)

	Ideologies : Melbourne Indymedia
		Therefore, the large influx of new members into the Catalan unions and political parties was not an indication of ideological conversion to anarcho-syndicalism, socialism, or communism but an attempt by rank-and-file workers, especially women, to defend their own interests as best they could in a revolutionary situation.
		With the approval of the Catalan regional government, the Generalitat, bank accounts which had belonged to employers were frozen and used to pay household staff, The former servants, however, sometimes inflated the amount of their back wages.
		In November 1937, again with the assistance of the government, Catalan organizations participated in the establishment of an lnstituto para la Adapti_n Profesional de la Mujer which allowed women to master not only secretarial and culinary skills but also engineering, electricity, and chemistry.
	melbourne.indymedia.org /news/2005/04/90103_comment.php (12122 words)

	[No title]
		Mirrors (copies) of the complete collection are available around the world, and you can select one nearer to your location from the link on the search results page.
		To see a listing of mirror sites, and locate the one nearest to you, visit: http://gutenberg.net/list.shtml EBooks numbered 1 to 10000 are located in "release year" directories.
		If you are having trouble subscribing, unsubscribing or with anything else related to the mailing lists, please email "owner-gutnberglistserv.unc.edu" to contact the lists' (human) administrator.
	www.gutenberg.org /newsletter/archive/PGWeekly_2004_03_03_Part_2.txt (1320 words)

	video list (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		An imprisoned man who hides his face behind a mask is telling his story, as a flashback, to a psychiatrist: His name is César, he is an orphan but he had inherited a fortune from his parents and used to live in a luxurious house of his his own.
		Niece of the deposed (and presumably assassinated) Chilean Marxist president Salvador Allende, she fled Chile in terror and blossomed in exile to write of the love, hate, and revenge that shape the lives of people she knew, or dreamt about: her characters, her own legend in the making.
		Niece of the deposed (and presumably assassinated) Chilean marxist president Salvador Allende, she fled Chile in terroe and blossomed in exile to write of the love, hate, and revenge that shape the lives of people she knew, or dreamt of: her characters, her own legend in the making.
	www.nmsu.edu /~langling/movielist.html (16512 words)

	Parlament de Catalunya - Open Doors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Information about different aspects of this institution (its history, structure and functions, headquarters, presidents, etc.).
		Monitoring of parliamentary activity, through legislative texts, consultation of the database and publications, institutional legislation and statistics on the work of the different bodies.
		Live broadcast of parliamentary sessions, information on the Parliament Channel and reports on the laws passed, parliamentary activity and the 135 members of the Catalan chamber.
	www.parlament-cat.net /portal/page?_pageid=34,34926&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL (283 words)

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