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| | Jew (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12) |
 | | Even after the end of the expulsions in the 17th century, individual conditions varied from country to country and time to time, but, as rule, Jews generally were forced, by decree or by informal pressure, to live in highly segregated ghettos and villages. |
 | | The Haskalah movement influenced the birth of all the modern Jewish denominations, and planted the seeds of Zionism. |
 | | :''Main articles: List of Jews, List of Jews by country Jews have made contributions in a broad range of human endeavors, including the sciences, art, politics, etc. Some of these count being Jewish as an essential part of their identity; others view it as an incidental part of their background. |
| jew.iqnaut.net (4155 words) |
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