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Topic: List of Defense Ministers of France

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	France - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The 22 régions and 96 départements of metropolitan France.
		France is divided into 26 administrative régions: 22 are in metropolitan France (21 are on the continental part of metropolitan France; one is the "territorial collectivity" of Corse, on the island of Corsica, commonly referred to as a région in common speech), and four are overseas régions.
		In 2003, France's natural population growth (excluding immigration) was responsible for almost all the natural growth in European population: the population of the European Union increased by 216,000 inhabitants (without immigration), of which 211,000 was the increase in France's population alone, and 5,000 was the increase in all the other countries of the EU combined.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/France (6510 words)

	Legal Systems of the World: France (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		France is a strategically located western European nation of 59 million people occupying nearly 213,000 square miles (552,000 square kilometers) and extending more than 600 miles from the northern frontier to Spain on the south, and approximately the same distance east and west from the Brittany peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean to the Rhine.
		France’s initial reluctance to cede authority to a European human-rights tribunal was matched by its reluctance to recognize the full authority of the European Union court in economic affairs.
		Nevertheless, France is clearly moving toward a system of law that incorporates reciprocal checks and balances and a form of judicial review, and courts have been ingenious in adapting to current circumstances in spite of the mandate that they make no law.
	www.public.asu.edu /~mprovin/France.htm (5097 words)

	Islam in France
		Reports of a foiled suicide bomb plot against the American embassy in Paris were followed by coverage of Zaccarias Moussaoui, the Frenchman arrested by FBI agents in August and thought to be the missing twentieth 9/11 hijacker.
		Indeed it was in the context of formally expressing gratitude to 100,000 Muslim soldiers who had died for France in WWI that the Grande Mosquée de Paris and Muslim Institute were founded in 1922, in contravention of the 1905 law.
		Reacting to the October 6 soccer match in Le Monde, the Algerian ambassador to France argued that the French state was equally responsible for the alienation of second-generation migrant youth, and called for their prompt social and political incorporation.
	www.brookings.edu /fp/cuse/analysis/islam.htm (2079 words)

	France
		France is a constitutional democracy in which citizens directly elect the President and the National Assembly in periodic, free, and fair elections.
		France was invited by the Community of Democracies' (CD) Convening Group to attend the November 2002 second CD Ministerial Meeting in Seoul, Republic of Korea, as a participant.
		Their principal concerns were a de facto return to the 39-hour workweek, a reduction in the overall number of civil servants, the end of guaranteed life employment contracts, and the reform of the retirement system.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2002/18365.htm (6974 words)

	References - Lazare Carnot
		During the Hundred Days, he served as List of Interior Ministers of France for Napoleon, and was exiled after the Second Bourbon Restoration.
		His grandson Marie François Sadi Carnot (son of Hyppolyte) was President of France from 1887 until his assassination in 1894.
		The text of an earlier version of this article was taken from the public domain resource A Short Account of the History of Mathematics by W. Rouse Ball (4th Edition, 1908).
	mywebpage.netscape.com /AAS8144/lazare-carnot-references.html (403 words)

	Defense Ministers Reject Intervention in Colombia - by Kintto Lucas
		The ministers also called for clear definitions of the tasks and missions to be undertaken by their defense and security forces, and of the mechanisms to reach these goals.
		Argentine Minister José Pampuro said his country would lend all of the political support necessary to keep Colombia's problems from spreading further, because "this is a conflict that will also affect Argentina." Nevertheless, he remained firmly opposed to any form of foreign military intervention.
		Jorge Luis García Carneiro, the Venezuelan minister of defense, was emphatic in stating that his country's army was not prepared "to participate in a war outside its borders." Moreover, Venezuela is currently occupied with "carrying out an important process, forging unity between its armed forces and the people," he added.
	www.antiwar.com /ips/lucas.php?articleid=4020 (948 words)

	miraque53: France
		France (pronounced [fʀɑ̃s] in French), known officially as the French Republic (French: République française), pronounced [ʀepyblik fʀɑ̃sɛz]), is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in Western Europe and that also comprises a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents.
		France's ultimate victory in World War I and World War II after initially being invaded and partly occupied by German forces did not prevent the loss of the colonial empire, the comparative economic status, population and status as a dominant nation state.
		In a third meaning, "France" refers specifically to the province of Île-de-France (with Paris at its centre) which historically was the heart of the royal demesne.
	miraque53.blogspot.com /2006/07/france.html (7219 words)

	France
		The French Republic or France (French République Française or France), is a country located in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra, and Spain.
		Although the French monarchy is often dated to the 5th century, France's continuous existence as a separate entity begins with the 9th-century division of Charlemagne's Frankish empire into an eastern and a western part.
		France's motto "Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité" was first used as the rebels' motto during the French Revolution.
	www.knowledgefun.com /book/f/fr/france_1.html (1872 words)

	France
		France is the tenth-largest consumer of oil in the world, importing oil from Norway, Saudi Arabia, Russia, and Britain; but the nuclear push has lowered the dependency on oil from 71% in 1973 to 37% in 2002.
		France opposed the liberation of Iraq from Saddam Hussein's tyranny, but somehow it was ok for the USA to liberate France from Hitler's tyranny (a liberation that cost thousands of French lives).
		France lost the second world war twice: first it was defeated by Hitler in a matter of weeks, and then, after it switched sides and allied itself with Hitler, was invaded/ liberated by the Anglosaxon armies.
	www.scaruffi.com /politics/france.html (16879 words)

	Embassy of France in the U.S. - Sea Fisheries
		France’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ) (1) covers about 11 million square kilometres, including 260,000 around metropolitan France and almost 10.8 million around the overseas departments and territories and special-status communities (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon and Mayotte).
		Fishing enterprises in France are generally SMEs run as a family or even sole-trader business, and in the past they were often - so far as the non-industrial ones, i.e.
		Responsible for setting general domestic policy guidelines for sea fishery and aquaculture, and representing France both within the framework of the EU Common Fisheries Policy and internationally, the DPMA enforces the regulations and implements measures to support the French fishery sector.
	www.info-france-usa.org /atoz/sea_fish.asp (2589 words)

	FAS Email Archives -- Missile Defense Monitor
		Defence Minister Igor Rodionov who earlier repeatedly expressed concern over the state of the RVSN and the prospects of their development is also expected to take part in the check.
		Minister of Defence Igor Rodionov, RVSN commander-in-chief Igor Sergeyev, and the top executives of the Defence Ministry and of the missile forces, and also a representative of the Defence Council took part in the conference.
		France has de-activated and is now dismantling its land-based intermediate-range missiles and has postponed a new submarine-launched missile system.
	www.fas.org /MHonArc/BMDList_archive/msg00060.html (3779 words)

	Looking for Justice: The War Crimes Chamber in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Defense
		In addition, the defense advocates who agree to represent accused in war crimes trials may be required to take on a number of other cases to ensure financial solvency. This could diminish the amount of time these advocates have available to put together an adequate defense in complex war crimes cases.
		For example, defense investigators can establish leads for potential defense witnesses, pursue exculpatory or other evidence to support the defense, and follow up on statements made by prosecution witnesses. Such assistance is necessary to ensure that the accused is not placed at a significant disadvantage vis-à-vis the prosecution.
		There is a general provision in the law that requires defense counsel to take all the necessary steps to establish facts and collect evidence in favor of the defendant, and to protect his or her rights in the course of representation.
	hrw.org /reports/2006/ij0206/4.htm (2069 words)

	France's murky mix of school and scandal - Europe - International Herald Tribune
		The cliquishness of the school's graduates has fed a lack of transparency about government business in France, and contributed to the murkiness of this latest scandal, which involves current and former cabinet ministers, intelligence officers, judges, business executives, and even Chirac, all in one way or another connected.
		But what stands out in France is that its elite is smaller and more exclusive than in many other Western countries; the state is more present in the economy, further blurring the lines between business and politics; and the elite is concentrated in one city: Paris.
		Most of France's top decision makers have gone to a "grande école," and the two most influential ones are ENA and Polytechnique, the country's top engineering school.
	www.iht.com /articles/2006/05/14/news/elite.php (1258 words)

	FAS Email Archives -- Missile Defense Monitor
		The bases are being built under a joint defense pact between Cyprus and Greece aimed at repelling the perceived threat of Turkey.
		Greece and Cyprus have a joint defense pact -- as do Turkey and the Turkish Cypriot administration in the island's north -- and the missiles will be deployed to protect an air and navy base under construction on the island's western coast.
		Even Canada which is normally viewed as a junior partner of the US made a statement in December, voiced by its foreign minister, that it was imperative "to change the situation where the alliance constitutes a system of outposts from the Arctic to the Mediterranean, which are targeted against Russia....
	www.fas.org /MHonArc/BMDList_archive/msg00004.html (3609 words)

	Embassy of France in the US - Statement - European Defense
		This initiative was shared by Britain and France and stressed 4 important points : all nations of the Union were invited to take part, no loss of sovereignty was envisaged, new and real capabilities had to be built, the European security and defense policy was consistent with the role and responsibility of NATO.
		On this set of principles, the heads of state and government of the EU agreed, in June and then in December 99, to build within 3 years a rapid reaction force of the size of an army corps, that is 50 to 60.000 troops.
		Meanwhile, the six nations where defense industry is most concentrated have signed an agreement to harmonise their domestic regulations on this industry ; in the fields of security of supply, export procedures and information security, a lot has already been done.
	www.info-france-usa.org /news/statmnts/2001/eudef16.asp (1919 words)

	AEGiS-AFP News: EU-foreign: EU ministers revisit concern over Chechnya, Mozambique, Serbia - March 20, 2000
		EU foreign ministers, in their monthly General Affairs Council, renewed their call to the Russian government for "immediate steps towards a peaceful solution of the conflict" in the breakaway republic.
		The ministers also reiterated solidarity with flood-ravaged Mozambique, noting that member states and the EU as a whole had already pledged more than 300 million euros (dollars) in aid and debt relief, with more in the pipeline this year.
		The foreign ministers were also to hold a joint meeting with EU defense ministers on European common defense and security policy and the setting up of a civilian crisis management unit, holdover mandates from the Helsinki EU summit last December.
	www.aegis.com /news/afp/2000/AF000325.html (786 words)

	List of Defense Ministers of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Secretary of State for War was one of the four specialized secretaries of state established in France in 1589.
		In 1791, the Secretary of State became Minister of War.
		After the Second World War, the War Ministry merged with the Ministry of Marine, with a Minister of National Defense (from 1974 simply Minister of Defense) directing the entire military.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Defense_Ministers_of_France (227 words)

	[No title]
		Olmert’s associates noted Monday that in Prime Minister Ariel Sharon’s government, when the Likud had 40 Knesset seats, Likud members held all chief positions in the coalition, including the foreign, finance, education and defense portfolios.
		The remaining ministries, including health, science and technology, communications, agriculture, construction and housing, absorption, religious affairs and ministerial positions in the prime minister’s office, which were held by Tzachi Hanegbi and Haim Ramon in the previous term, will be open for coalition negotiations.
		However, Boim, who currently serves as housing and agriculture minister, is also a candidate for one of the operational ministries.
	www.ynetnews.com /articles/0,7340,L-3230038,00.html (599 words)

	Europe - France (defense procurement, defence acquisition, military purchasing)
		France's Defense Ministry recently awarded a contract for nuclear-propelled attack submarines to state-owned warship builder DCN and nuclear energy group Areva-TA.
		The contract's total value could be as high as EUR 7.9 billion ($10.4 billion), and it is set up as an initial EUR 1.0-1.4 billion contract (reports vary), followed by 6 options (tranches conditionnelles) to cover development, production and through-life support during their first years of operational service.
		As the timelines for replacements stretch, India's defense planners have decided that more upgrades will be necessary in order to keep their existing fleet viable.
	www.defenseindustrydaily.com /europe_france/index.php (2029 words)

	The New Yorker: PRINTABLES
		The Defense Policy Board is a Defense Department advisory group composed primarily of highly respected former government officials, retired military officers, and academics.
		Feith was directly involved in the strategic planning and conduct of the military operations against the Taliban in Afghanistan; he now runs various aspects of the planning of the Iraqi war and its aftermath.
		Bandar, who is in his early fifties, is a prominent member of the royal family (his father is the defense minister).
	newyorker.com /printable/?fact/030317fa_fact (3401 words)

	Defense Daily Network: government, military, US and foreign defense industry web site links
		Defense Daily Network: government, military, US and foreign defense industry web site links
		Use this handy list of useful web links to quickly pinpoint other valuable web sites.
		Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission of Access Intelligence, LLC is prohibited.
	www.defensedaily.com /links.html (58 words)

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