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Topic: List of French dukedoms

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	French nobility - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		By relocating the French royal court to Versailles in the 1680s, Louis XIV of France further modified the role of the nobles.
		The French Nobility was disbanded outright by the National Constituent Assembly on June 23, 1790.
		Despite the abolition of nobility at the French Revolution and the loss of their privileged juridical status ("all men are equal citizens"), the nobility continued to exist throughout the nineteenth century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/French_nobility (3353 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: France
		Joan of Arc, who saved the French monarchy, as the heroine of Christendom, and believed that the Maid of Orléans meant to lead the king of France on another crusade when she had secured him in the peaceful possession of his own country.
		The result of the diplomacy of Richelieu (1624-42) and of Mazarin (1643-61) was a fresh defeat for the House of Austria; French arms were victorious at Rocroi, Fribourg, Nördlingen, Lens, Sommershausen (1643-48), and by the Peace of Westphalia (1648) and that of the Pyrenees (1659), Alsace, Artois, and Roussillion were annexed to French territory.
		During the course of the nineteenth century French diplomacy at Rome and in the East has aimed at safeguarding the prerogatives of France as patron of Oriental Christendom, and of thus justifying the traditional trust of the Orientals in the "Franks" as the natural champions of Christianity in the Ottoman Empire.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06166a.htm (15186 words)

	Duke - meaning of word
		Under the 20 November, 1917, Letters Patent of King George V of the United Kingdom, the titular dignity of Prince/Princess and the style Royal Highness are restricted to the sons of a Sovereign, the sons of a Sovereign's sons, and the eldest living son of the eldest son of a Prince of Wales.
		Dukedoms given to members of the British Royal Family ARE inherited beyond the second generation - all dukedoms that have been given to members of the royal family go for an unlimited number of generations.
		Just think of the dukedom of Connaught and Strathearn which became extinct with the 2d duke, who was the grandson of the 1st Duke; or of the dukedom of Cumberland and Teviotdale, whose third duke - also a member of the third generation - was deprived from it because he was German.
	wordsonline.org /Duke (1727 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Dukedoms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This page lists all dukedoms, extant, extinct, dormant, abeyant, or forfeit, in the peerages of England, Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland and the United Kingdom.
		4 Dukedoms in the Peerage of Ireland, 1661–1801
		Dukedoms in the Peerages of the United Kingdom and Ireland, 1801–present
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /topic/Dukedoms.html (440 words)

	duke - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Currently, there are twenty-seven dukedoms in the peerages of England, Scotland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, held by twenty-four persons (see List of Dukes in order of precedence).
		Under the November 20, 1917, Letters Patent of King George V, the titular dignity of Prince/Princess and the style Royal Highness are restricted to the sons of a Sovereign, the sons of a Sovereign's sons, and the eldest living son of the eldest son of a Prince of Wales.
		The heir apparent to the Belgian throne is styled Duke of Brabant.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/duke (987 words)

	Informat.io on Duke
		Various royal houses traditionally awarded (mainly) dukedoms to the sons and in some cases, the daughters, of their respective Sovereigns; others include at least one dukedom in a wider list of similarly granted titles, nominal dukedoms without any actual authority, often even without an estate.
		In this former Portuguese viceroyalty, after separation ruled by a branch of the Portuguese royal dynasty (House of Bragança), three dukedoms were created (being its highest ranks for non-members of the imperial dynasty), two of which were for illegitimate sons of the Emperor.
		List of dukes in the peerages of the British Isles
	www.informat.io /?title=duke (2166 words)

	Discover the Wisdom of Mankind on HACKED BY TURK-SOPHİA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		List of Foreign Ministers of Sao Tome and Principe (en)
		List of foreign ministers of the Republic of China (en)
		List of Frederick County, VA County Routes (en)
	www.blinkbits.com /wikifeeds/LI?from=27000 (508 words)

	Napoleonic Titles and Heraldry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Although the grand-fiefs were created in Italy, outside of the French Empire, in 1806, the restoration of titles and of heraldry, which had been abolished in 1790, did not come until a statute of March 1, 1808.
		The territories of the French Empire already exceded the boundaries of 1789 France, as a result of annexations: Comtat-Venaissin (1791), Savoie (1792), Belgium and Germany up to the Rhine (1795), all of which were confirmed by the peace of Lunéville in 1801.
		The Prince Eugène was adopted on 12 Jan, 1806 with no rights to the French succession, but he was given presumptive rights to the throne of Italy in the absence of a second son of Napoleon on February 16, 1806, and given the title of Prince of Venice on December 20, 1807.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/france/napoleon.htm (6120 words)

	Duke - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Currently, there are twenty-seven dukedoms in the peerages of England, Scotland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, held by twenty-four different people (see List of Dukes in order of precedence).
		Four reigning European royal houses traditionally awarded dukedoms to the sons and in some cases, the daughters, of their respective Sovereigns.
		Nowadays, Spanish infantes and infantas are usually given a dukedom upon marriage.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Duke (1290 words)

	52. The Age of Political Experiments; of Grand Monarchy and Parliaments and Republicanism in Europe. Wells, H.G. 1922. ...
		He was, within his limitations, an exceptionally capable King; his ambition was stronger than his baser passions, and he guided his country towards bankruptcy through the complication of a spirited foreign policy with an elaborate dignity that still extorts our admiration.
		His immediate desire was to consolidate and extend France to the Rhine and Pyrenees, and to absorb the Spanish Netherlands; his remoter view saw the French Kings as the possible successors of Charlemagne in a recast Holy Roman Empire.
		In Russia as in Prussia French became the language of the court.
	www.bartleby.com /86/52.html (2647 words)

	Appanage - Wikipedia Mirror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		An appanage was a concession of a fief by the sovereign to his youngest sons, while the eldest son became king on the death of his father.
		Appanages were considered as part of the inheritance transmitted to the puisne (french puisné, 'later born') sons; the word Juveigneur (from the Latin comparartive Iuvenior, 'younger [brother]'; in Brittany's customary law only the youngest brother) was specifically used for the royal princes holding an apanage.
		The last of the appanges, the Orléanais, was reincorporated to the French crown when the Duke of Orleans, Louis-Philippe, became king of France in 1830.
	www.wiki-mirror.us /index.php/Appanage (998 words)

	Duke - Wikipedia Mirror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Four reigning European royal houses traditionally awarded (mainly) dukedoms to the sons and in some cases, the daughters, of their respective Sovereigns; others include at least one dukedom in a wider list of similarly granted principalities.
		Rather, these special peerages are called "royal dukedoms" because they are held by a member of the royal family who is entitled to the style Royal Highness.
		Duke of Brittany (considered a sovereign state until personal union with France, by the marriage of Anne of Brittany with the French kings Charles VIII and Louis XII and of her daughter Claude with Renaissance King Francis I, who conclude the 1553 treaty rendering the union permanent while granting some autonomy)
	www.wiki-mirror.us /index.php/Duke (2602 words)

	Qwika - similar:List_of_Baronetcies
		UK Peerages Dukes Dukedoms Marquesses Marquessates Earls Earldoms Viscounts Viscountcies Barons Baronies Baronetcies This page is meant to list all baronies and lordships of parliaments created in the peerages of...
		The list is followed by a list of marquessates in other countries.
		The Baronetage of Nova Scotia was devised in 1624 as a means of settling the plantation of that province.
	www.qwika.com /rels/List_of_Baronetcies (1784 words)

	GradeSaver: ClassicNote: Henry V Study Guide - Character List
		Duke of Bourbon: a French nobleman who fights at Agincourt and is captured by Henry.
		Duke of Orleans: a French nobleman who fights at Agincourt and is captured by Henry.
		Duke of Berri: a French nobleman at Agincourt.
	www.gradesaver.com /classicnotes/titles/henryv/charlist.html (754 words)

	Duke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Currently are twenty-seven dukedoms in the peerages of Scotland Great Britain and the United Kingdom by twenty-four persons (see List of Dukes in order of precedence).
		In the United Kingdom there is nothing the particular dukedom that makes it "royal." these peerages are called "royal dukedoms" because are held by a member of the family who is entitled to the style Highness.
		Under the November 20 1917 Letters Patent of King George V the titular dignity of Prince/Princess and style Royal Highness are restricted to the of a Sovereign the sons of a sons and the eldest living son of eldest son of a Prince of Wales.
	www.freeglossary.com /Duke (1306 words)

	Stan's Paper 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		These first few lines that the French Ambassador speaks is a restatement of this claim.
		He sees Henry as too young and inexperienced to be a respectable ruler of the French lands that he claims.
		But the Dauphin either fails to consider or is unaware of Henry's development from a wild teenager to a respectable king, as well as his many triumphs on the battlefield.
	personal.centenary.edu /~svladema/paper3.html (710 words)

	A Glossary of European Noble, Princely, Royal and Imperial Titles
		Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, president of the French Republic, instigated a coup on Dec. 2, 1851 and had himself proclaimed Emperor in 1852; he abdicated in 1870 consequent to France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.
		In French usage, Prince Albert of Monaco, as heir to Prince Rainier, is a "prince-heredetaire", and Prince Alois, the heir of Hans-Adam of Liechtenstein is, in German usage, an "Erbprinz".
		The English kings introduced the French ducal structure into the British system, and it was initially a mostly royal title (as all new creations during this century have been).
	www.heraldica.org /topics/odegard/titlefaq.htm (7119 words)

	Jewett Texts
		Indeed, the French king's dominion was none too large, and everybody knew that he would be glad to possess himself of the dukedom, or of part of it, and that he was not unfriendly to Arnulf, who had betrayed William Longsword.
		The dukedom was tempestuous enough at any time, with its Northman party, and its French party, and their jealousies and rivalries.
		Gerberga, the French queen, was a brave woman, but eager to forward the fortunes of her own household, and nobody took much notice of the boy who was of so much consequence at home in his own castle of Rouen.
	www.public.coe.edu /~theller/soj/nor/nor04.html (5669 words)

	Visit Italy Online
		Charles, the founder of the ANGEVIN dynasty of Naples, ruled from 1266 as CHARLES I, king of Naples and Sicily.
		French rule, which introduced feudalism to the south at a time when it was weakening elsewhere, was highly unpopular, and in 1282 a successful revolt (the SICILIAN VESPERS) resulted in the separation of Sicily from the mainland.
		PETER III of Aragon was made king of Sicily while the former Norman domains on the mainland remained under Angevin rule as the Kingdom of Naples.
	www.visiteuropeonline.com /visititalyonline.htm (3901 words)

	Henry VI
		A revival of French fortunes, beginning with the military victories of Joan of Arc, led to the repudiation of Henry's title to rule France, and the crowning of the French dauphin at Reims.
		In 1447, the king, the queen and the group surrounding them (Suffolk, Somerset, and the ageing Cardinal Beaufort) summoned Gloucester before parliament on a charge of treason in Bury St Edmunds, and he died in captivity, whether of natural causes or foul play was not clear.
		A stand-off took place south of London, with York presenting a list of grievances and demands to the court circle, including the arrest of the Duke of Somerset.
	www.the-world-in-focus.com /Europe/England/Royal_Family/henryvi.html (1279 words)

	Bambooweb: Duke
		Three other reigning European royal houses traditionally awarded dukedoms to the sons and in some cases, the daughters, of their respective Sovereigns.
		Titlewise however, all Swedish princes since 1772, and princesses since 1980, are given a dukedom for life.
		The Germanic Franks converted under Roman influence the Germanic concept of Herzog (literally: "war-leader"), the temporarily elected general for a major expedition of warfare, into military governors for units of up to a dozen counties.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/D/u/Duke.html (983 words)

	Act 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		I thought I’d distract the king with the French problem, which I’ve already talked to the king about.
		I think he liked the offer, but there wasn’t enough time for him to completely hear me out, not as I believe he would have liked to, at least, about certain dukedoms and the crown of France that are rightfully and lawfully his because of Edward, his great-grandfather.
		The French ambassador arrived at that very moment and asked for a meeting with the king, which I think it is time for.
	members.aol.com /darrwin/henry/11.htm (1056 words)

	Duke - The real meaning from Timesharetalk wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The royal Christophe dynasty created eight hereditary dukedoms, in rank directly below the nominal princes.
		Dutchess R of Winnipeg, a socialite in "A Series of Unfortunate Events" who is host of the masked ball where "Lemony Snicket" warns Beatrice of some danger.
		List of Dukes in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
	www.timesharetalk.co.uk /wiki.asp?k=Duke (2188 words)

	Stan's Paper 4
		Among the last things on the list would be a barrel full of tennis balls.
		But, in William Shakespeare's King Henry V, the French Dauphin finds this to be a very fitting gift for the young Henry.
		It is warning Henry not to expect to be able to party or carouse his way to a French seat.
	personal.centenary.edu /~svladema/paper4.html (728 words)

	Alexander's Scottish Roots
		A 1999 computer search of Scottish birth and christening records reflected a list of forty-seven persons named Alexander Stewart who had been born or baptized during the period 1753 to 1757.
		One common spelling, Stuart, is incorrectly assumed to be "royal." More correctly, it simply echoes the fact that many of our ancestors joined the French against England during the Auld Alliance and adopted the French spelling.
		At one time or another, Stewarts have held dukedoms, at least seventeen earldoms, scores of other noble positions, and have been identified with more than 160 Scottish localities.
	www.kentuckystewarts.com /AlexanderI/HTMDocs/Web1ScottishRoots.htm (1028 words)

	Qwika - similar:List_of_Viscountcies
		UK Peerages Dukes Dukedoms Marquesses Marquessates Earls Earldoms Viscounts Viscountcies Barons Baronies Baronetcies This page lists all dukedoms, extant, extinct, dormant, abeyant, or forfeit, in the peerages of England, Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland and the United Kingdom.
		See also List of Marquessates, List of Earldoms, List of Viscountcies, and List of Ba...
		A viscount is a member of the European nobility, especially, as in the British peerage, ranking above a baron, below a (British) earl or (his continental equivalent) count.
	www.qwika.com /rels/List_of_Viscountcies (1670 words)

	"Peerage Titles"
		Note that by the 20th century "Your Grace" was considered servile, and other guests at the party will simply call him "Duke" or her "Duchess," as in, "Can you identify this, Duke?" Austria and Russia had no dukedoms.
		Baronets were invented by James I of Great Britain in 1611, whose treasury charged each baronet somewhat over a thousand pounds for the privilege.
		SIEUR, a French inheritable title for a seigneury; he would be called the sieur de (place name).
	members.tripod.com /historicalnovelists/peeraget.htm (2464 words)

	[No title]
		This is because the last known heir to the Byzantine Throne sold all his Imperial rights to the French crown in 1494.
		Although the International Commission on Nobility and Royalty has not been set up to expose false nobility or make believe titles, it will list any companies or individuals who have withheld vital information that made it impossible for an applicant to be certified in the hope that this may be cleared up.
		We have a lot of compelling evidence on them that they represent a falsehood and are investigating further.
	www.nobility-royalty.com /id39_m.htm (1422 words)

	Tragical, Comical, Historical, Pastoral Monarchs to Behold: The Subversion of Shakespeare's Henry V in Education, ...
		He states that "...like Bush from August 2 until March 2, Henry V grew in purpose and in stature from the first moments of his expedition until its bloody climax." (92) In truth, the "expedition" to which he refers actually was more of a campaign as it took several years and several different expeditions.
		He certainly had a sense of humor and this comic indifference to the French that prompted Shakespeare’s Chorus to refer to him in the familiar an pronounce, “Suppose th’ ambassador from the French comes back; Katherine his daughter; and with her, dowry, some petty and unprofitable dukedoms.
		His stumbling French in the wooing scene reminds us that if he is not well-schooled in Katherine’s language he most certainly is in his own.
	www.angelfire.com /ny/shakespearelabprojec/pagetree.html (8010 words)

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