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Topic: List of Kurdish languages

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Kashubian language

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	Kurdish language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kurdish language belongs to the western sub-group of the Iranian languages which belong to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages family.
		In Kurdish object agrees with the subject and the verb agrees with the object and this is unlike Persian, Turkish and Arabic in which object has an accusative marker and the verb in all tenses agrees with the subject of the sentence.
		Kurdish in the former USSR uses a modified Cyrillic alphabet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kurdish_language (1592 words)

	LoLA: Preliminary List of Languages and Linguistic Groups in Los Angeles
		Some languages with a limited number of speakers and/or not described by previous investigators are not identified individually, but are put together with an indication of a general linguistic group as a common label.
		The mixture of languages and the elements of the Korean-English pidgin.
		The fate of the other languages of the same Uto-Aztecan family that originally occupied chiefly all the LAC as Gabrieleño (one of the mission languages of the Uto-Aztec group named by the monks) did.
	www.humnet.ucla.edu /languagesofla/lolalangs.htm (2000 words)

	Human Rights Watch: Ocalan Trial Monitor
		Leyla Zana, a HEP deputy, appeared wearing the "Kurdish colours" (red, yellow and green) in her hair and announced in Kurdish that she was taking her parliamentary oath in Turkish under protest.
		For example, the traditional Kurdish new year festival of Nevruz was recognized as a public holiday in 1993, but scores of people attempting street celebrations in Istanbul and other cities were detained and held in police custody for several days, in some cases being subjected to torture and ill-treatment.
		Kurdish language music - provided that it is not overtly political - seems to be tolerated, and the army's southeastern radio station "Voice of the Tigris" is sufficiently pragmatic, in trying to win the hearts and minds of the local population, to broadcast in the two main Kurdish dialects as well as Turkish and Turkmen.
	www.hrw.org /campaigns/turkey/kurd.htm (2295 words)

	Kurdistan - Turkey
		Kurdish opposition to the government's emphasis on linguistic homogeneity was spurred in the 1960s and 1970s by agitation in neighboring Iran and Iraq on behalf of an autonomous Kurdistan, to include Kurds from Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria.
		A resurgence of Kurdish attacks attributed to the PKK necessitated the deployment of Turkish army units and elite police forces with the initiation in 1984 by the PKK of armed struggle against the state with attacks on gendarmerie posts in the southeast.
		The amendment removed language that had prohibited the use of names contrary to the "national culture" or "customs and traditions," instead prohibiting names contrary to "moral norms" or names that "offend the public." The revised wording was intended to ease the restrictions; however, human rights advocates claimed local authorities failed to adjust their practices.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/kurdistan-turkey.htm (3863 words)

	homepage\overview
		Population is clustered around areas of precipitation and bodies of water: the coastal areas of Turkey, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Morocco; along the Caspian sea in Iran; and along the Nile in Egypt and the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Iraq.
		Language is the principle criterion for defining ethnic groups.
		Arabic is the national language of most of the countries of the Middle East and is spoken by about half the population of the region.
	www.list.org /~mdoyle/overview.html (2892 words)

	Middle East Report Online: The US and the Kurds of Iraq: A Bitter History, by Maggy Zanger
		On August 9, representatives of both Kurdish factions are reluctantly participating in a meeting in Washington, hosted by the State and Defense Departments, to discuss a post-Saddam Iraq with other Iraqi opposition figures nominally under the umbrella of the Iraqi National Congress (INC).
		Kurdish leaders are adamant that they do not support Bush's recently leaked plans for covert action, and indeed, say they will refuse to assist in any US military action unless there are guarantees of real change when the dust settles.
		Currently the Kurdish fighters are drawn from two groups: young recruits aged 17-25 who are organized like a regular army, and the older peshmerga (guerilla fighters) who have years of experience fighting the central government.
	www.merip.org /mero/mero080902.html (1791 words)

	Wiktionary:Multilingual coordination - Wiktionary
		We are aware that many of the world's 6,500 languages are not well-represented on computers or the web, and we are committed to working with language speakers and computing organizations to support as many languages as possible (right to fork).
		The URL of the wiktionary for a given language is xx.wiktionary.org, where xx is the 2-letter language code as per ISO 639.
		For languages without an ISO 639 2-letter language code, the 3-letter language code is used, or if that also does not exist, a custom 3-letter language code is made.
	en.wiktionary.org /wiki/Wiktionary:Multilingual_coordination (671 words)

	LINGUIST List 2.154: Banned Languages
		On the banning of "languages not the official language of some other country," which Kjetil R. Hauge cites as the rationale for the Turkish interdiction on the use of Kurdish (and, one presumes, on Armenian and so forth): This maneuver has been used elsewhere.
		In response to the question about banned languages, Deaf children indeed do fit into a cultural groups whose language has been formally banned and yet now at several schools for deaf students, ASL (American Sign Language) is now being taught and used as language of instruction.
		At that time, signed languages were not believed to be true languages, and Deaf students caught signing by teachers often had their knuckles wacked with a ruler.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/2/2-154.html (1657 words)

	Evertype: List of Language Lists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This file lists e-mail distribution lists devoted primarily to the linguistic study of individual languages and groups of languages (though a couple of others, in particular lists for language learners, have been included as well).
		COMPARLINGAFRIC is opened to topics where comparative linguistics in African languages of the Sahel-Sahara zone are the subject of discussion, such as: Languages and language families of the Sahel-Sahara zone: (Mande, Chadic, Berber, Nilo-Saharan...); genetic relationships; the description of changes in the context of languages of oral tradition; linguistic changes and factors concerning language transformation.
		Primarily a list focusing on Taiwan's language and language education reform, language activism, vernacular literature, cultural critique, and relevant issues (plus greeting and announcements).
	www.evertype.com /langlist.html (2386 words)

	Beltranslation International ::. translator from Kurdish or into Kurdish
		The Kurdish languages belong to the northwestern group of the Iranian branch of the Indo-European family; a close relative is Persian, which is in the southwestern group.
		The Kurdish languages form a dialect continuum, with comprehensibility diminishing as the distance from one's native dialect increases.
		The claim that the Kurdish languages have as their direct ancestor the language of the Iranian Medes seem not to be supported by the linguistic data.
	www.beltranslation.com /languages/kurdish.php (203 words)

	List of languages - Simple English Wikipedia
		This list of languages is alphabetical by English name.
		Ethnologue lists about 6,800 main languages in its language name index (see the external link) and distinguishes about 41,000 alternate language names and dialects.
		This list deals with particular languages, and includes only natural and constructed languages spoken by humans.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_languages (174 words)

	National Security Education Program \| Program Preferences (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Each year, NSEP publishes a list of geographic areas, languages, and fields of study identified as critical to U.S. national security.
		The lists are developed by NSEP based on a survey of agencies and offices throughout the federal sector.
		Exceptions to Countries, Languages, and Fields of Study: NSEP recognizes that it cannot encompass all countries, languages, and fields of study critical to U.S. national security.
	www.iie.org /programs/nsep/preferences.htm (626 words)

	Essentialist Explanations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		German is essentially a language developed by a group of Teutons who gathered in the forest one day to come up with a language that their enemies would have no chance of grasping.
		Modern Hebrew is the language of the Bible and the Talmud, refurbished by a mad pedant and bastardized by 5 million immigrants.
		Jarda is essentially a relexified Zireen language with a vocabulary derived from the raccoon language Kianarthal.
	mercury.ccil.org /~cowan/essential.html (9692 words)

	Online Data - Language Codes
		The following is a draft list of language code correspondences between ISO codes, Microsoft codes, and Macintosh codes.
		Similarly, Microsoft codes are sometimes not script-specific and in cases where a language is not really properly identified without this information, the script information appears as well.
		Please do not contact the Unicode Consortium if the ISO 639 language names are not what you believe they should be.
	www.unicode.org /unicode/onlinedat/languages.html (394 words)

	Jewish-Languages Mailing List:
		The project is to revive Aramaic as the spoken language of the Maronite community in Israel (eventually replacing Arabic), with the ultimate goal being for this to spread to other Middle Eastern Christians here and in other countries.
		Aramaic is the ancestral language of all of the Christians of the area which is now Israel, Lebanon, Syria, and Iraq (Maronites switched to speaking Arabic about 500 years ago).
		Aramaic is also the ancestral language of the Arabic-speaking Greek Orthodox and Catholics (who constitute the overwhelming majority of Israel's `Christian Arabs', although outside of Israel (and Syria) they constitute a small minority of Arabic-speaking Christians).
	www.jewish-languages.org /ml/200206.html (1922 words)

	I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
		The two-letter ISO 639-1 language codes are well known (as ``en'' for English), as are their forms when qualified by a country code (``en-US'').
		Language tags that I judge to be not for general use, are bracketed.
		Presumably the Philippine language Waray-Waray (Samareño), not the smaller Philippine language Waray Sorsogon, nor the extinct Australian language Waray.
	theoryx5.uwinnipeg.ca /CPAN/perl/lib/I18N/LangTags/List.html (879 words)

	Behind the Name: Language
		A language is a set of words or signals (sounds, gestures, writing) and the rules to combine them which enable a group of individuals to communicate.
		This is due to slow changes in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar that naturally occur over long periods of time.
		One language may split into two different languages (first splitting into dialects) when speakers are separated by physical or cultural barriers for extended periods.
	www.behindthename.com /glossary/view.php?title=language (81 words)

	LINGUIST List 2.145: Banned Languages
		The area was annexed by Germany in 1871, and German became the language of the schools.
		I believe that in some schools for deaf children in this country, one or another sign language is banned--either because a different sign language is being used or because the school is committed to teaching the children to speak aloud in English.
		As for the information that the ban in Turkey was against all languages which are not official languages of some state, this was news to me, and I'm not sure how many peole in Turkey are aware of it.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/2/2-145.html (650 words)

	Awesome Library - English
		Provides tools for translators, including dictionaries to support 58 languages, a language translation search engine, a translation engine, and a search for context.
		Provides information about geographic distribution, languages of special interest, language by country, language families, names of languages, and more.
		Provides language course locations by selected language, with 70 options, and then by institute, city, or country.
	www.awesomelibrary.org /Classroom/English/Languages/Languages.html (830 words)

	Jewish-Languages Mailing List: October 2001
		The list is mostly "square script" except for the epigraphic and Samaritan sections.
		This list of languages written in Hebrew is not yet complete: it does not include several central Iranian Jewish dialects (Kashani, Isfahani, Yazdi, and Kermani), Maltese in Hebrew, Genizah Latin in Hebrew, or Portuguese in Hebrew.
		I assume that you are referring to the language known in Israel as Maroka'it, and not to Ladino.
	www.jewish-languages.org /ml/200110.html (3000 words)

	Cover Pages: Code for the Representation of the Names of Languages. From ISO 639, revised 1989.
		Second, the WSD (Writing System Declaration) implemented in the Text Encoding Initiative uses the [two-character] language code of ISO 639 (as amended) as a language.code attribute of the nat.language declaration, specifying the language in which the WSD is written.
		The language codes are listed in ISO 639 with lowercase letters, but are given here in uppercase, as recommended for use as SGML tag names for "public text language." See ISO 8879 section 10.2.2.3: "the 'public text language' must be a two-character name, entered with upper-case letters."
		The two-character language codes of ISO 639 are recognized as being inadequate for use as SGML language attributes when tagging text, viz, for use as global lang attributes attached to any element to identify the language of the text element or a language shift.
	www.oasis-open.org /cover/iso639a.html (687 words)

	Asian Languages by Countries :: Official and National Languages of Asia
		List of official, national and spoken languages of Asia.
		Armenian (Hayeren) is an independent, one-language subgroup within the Indo-European language family.
		English (secondary language of the elite), ethnic and regional dialects
	www.nationsonline.org /oneworld/asian_languages.htm (602 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Middle East \| Iraq's top detainees
		Most of them form part of the most-wanted list which constitutes the deck of 55 identification cards US troops were issued with last year.
		The former director of the notorious intelligence service, or Mukhabarat, which is believed to have tortured and murdered thousands of opponents of the regime.
		He is listed as number 52 in the US deck.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/middle_east/3850567.stm (684 words)

	Index of languages by writing system
		This is a list of the languages featured on Omniglot arranged by the writing systems with which they are written.
		This is not an exhaustive list of all the languages written with each writing system.
		For example, in Central Asia many languages were originally written with the Arabic alphabet, then switched to the Latin alphabet during the 1920s, then to the Cyrillic alphabet during the 1930s or 1940s.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/languages.htm (220 words)

	languagehat.com
		Languages I have studied and could recover but which are not actively available at the moment: Georgian, Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese), Swahili
		For those who are familiar with a given language and might be curious, I will identify some of the major dictionaries thus: Serbo-Croatian D (Benson).
		But he's writing about language, and his only claim to your attention is the idea that he knows more about it than you do.
	www.languagehat.com /languages.php (2027 words)

	AT&T Worldnet Service - Directory
		Searchable repository of word lists in plain text for a variety of languages, with English equivalents.
		The latter is an Eastern Algonquian language spoken in Northern Quebec and the interior Labrador.
		English to Igbo, Yoruba, Hausa and Pidgin, the languages of Nigeria.
	www.att.net /cgi-bin/webdrill?catkey=Top/Reference/Dictionaries/World_Languages/Multilingual (895 words)

	homepage\Fertile Crescent
		However, most countries maintain their embassies in the largest city, Tel Aviv,rather than in the disputed capital of Jerusalem.
		Hebrew is the official language but Arabic is spoken by the Arab minority.
		The crusaders seized much of Syria but were expelled in 1187 by the Kurdish general Saladin.
	www.list.org /~mdoyle/Fertile.html (2675 words)

	EduNet Languages Page
		Ojibwe Language and Culture: An introduction to the language and culture of the Ojibwe, by Nanvy Vogt.
		Universal Survey of Languages: The Universal Survey of Languages is envisioned as a major collaborative effort with the goal of creating a linguistic reference for the layman and linguist alike.
		The USL contains audio files of spoken language and descriptions of morphology and phonology of the world's languages, as well as a hypertext introduction to linguistics, an introduction and reference to the International Phonetic Alphabet, a linguistic dictionary and information on language families.
	www.edunet.ie /links/language.html (2079 words)

	Big List of Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The following list is not a complete list of languages.
		It is a list of some of the more common languages only.
		The absolute, unconditionally best place to go for the study of every language on the planet is the Ethnologue page.
	www.tesarta.com /www/resources/languages.html (64 words)

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