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Topic: List of Manikongo of Kongo

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	CongoWeb - History - Lists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Chronological list of the governors of the Colonial Era.
		List of the kings of the Kongo kingdom.
		List of the kings of the Anzico kingdom.
	ueno.cool.ne.jp /kongonowebu/lists.html (33 words)

	Kongo
		The Kongo Empire was an African kingdom located in southwest Africa in what are now northern Angola, Cabinda, Republic of the Congo, and the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
		In 1483, he visited Manikongo Nzinga in his capital, Mbanza, and persuaded the king to open his country to the Portuguese.
		At the Battle of Ambuila in 1665, the Portuguese forces from Angola defeated the forces of king Antonio I of Kongo; Antonio was killed with many of his courtiers and the Luso-African author Manuel Roboredo, who had attempted to prevent this final war.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/k/ko/kongo.html (436 words)

	CongoWeb - History - Lists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Chronological list of the governors of the Colonial Era.
		List of the kings of the Kongo kingdom.
		List of the kings of the Anzico kingdom.
	home.tiscali.be /congo/lists.html (33 words)

	sociology - Kongo
		The empire consisted of six provinces ruled by a monarch, the Manikongo of the Bakongo (Kongo peoples), but its sphere of influence extended to the neighboring states as well.
		Before the arrival of the Europeans, the Kongo Empire was a highly developed state at the center of an extensive trading network.
		Catholic missionaries arrived in 1490, and ten years later the Manikongo himself was baptized and assumed the name Afonso.
	www.aboutsociology.com /sociology/Kongo (475 words)

	Democratic Republic of the Congo - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		By the fifteenth century, the dominant political force of the Congo region was the Kongo Empire.
		The Kongo was a highly developed state located primarily in the southwest portion of the modern Congo, in addition to occupying portions of northern Angola and Cabinda.
		The kingdom was headed by a king known as the Manikongo who exercised his authority over the Bakongo (Kongo peoples) from his capital in Mbanza-Kongo, which grew into the present day city of Sao Salvador.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/d/e/m/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_6e9c.html (4976 words)

	Kongo
		The Kongo Empire was an African kingdom located in southwest Africa in what are now northern Angola, Cabinda, Republic of the Congo, and the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
		The empire consisted of six provinces ruled by a monarch, the Manikongo of the Bakongo people, but its sphere of influence extended to the neighboring states as well.
		At the Battle of Ambuila in 1665, the Portuguese forces from Angola defeated the forces of king Antonio I of Kongo; Antonio was killed with many of his courtiers and the Luso-African author Manuel Roboredo, who had attempted to prevent this final war.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/k/ko/kongo.html (436 words)

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	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Kingdom of Kongo
		The Kingdom of Kongo (1400-1888) (Kongo: Kongo dya Ntotila or Wene wa Kongo) was an African kingdom located in west central Africa in what are now northern Angola, Cabinda, Republic of the Congo, and the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
		Kongo's army was composed of a mass levy of archers, drawn from the general male population, and a smaller corps of heavy infantry, who fought with swords and carried shields for protection.
		Manikongos during the Civil War After the Battle of Mbwila or Battle of Ulanga, the kingdom Kongo was emersed in a brutal civil war which resulted in the destruction of São Salvador in 1678.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kongo (8188 words)

	Lists of office-holders - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Current incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes on 2005 in politics, and past leaders on State leaders by year and Colonial governors by year.
		List of Patriarchs of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church
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	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=18452 (917 words)

	Angola (country) - Search View - MSN Encarta
		The ruler of the state welcomed the newcomers, and in 1491 Portuguese traders and missionaries bearing gifts were sent to the court of Manikongo (“king”) Nzinga Nkuwu, who converted to Christianity.
		Also converting was the succeeding manikongo, Afonso I, who also accepted Portuguese guidance in the administration of his realm.
		The slave traffic, aided by local chiefs, gradually undermined the authority of the manikongo, and 25 years after Afonso’s death the state succumbed to the onslaught of the Jaga, a fierce group of nomads from the east.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761571092__1/Angola_(country).html (4084 words)

	Angola - Search View - MSN Encarta
		These are the Mbundu (or Ovimbundu) in central and southern Angola, the Bakongo (Kongo) in the north-west, the North Mbundu (or Kimbundu) in the north and centre, and the Chokwe-Lunda in the east.
		The ruler of the state welcomed the newcomers, and in 1491 Portuguese traders and missionaries bearing gifts were sent to the court of Manikongo (king) Nzinga Nkuwu (reigned about 1482-1505), who converted to Christianity, as did the succeeding manikongo, Afonso I (reigned 1505-1543), who also accepted Portuguese guidance in the administration of his realm.
		The slave traffic, aided by local chiefs, gradually undermined the authority of the manikongo, and 25 years after Afonso’s death the Kongo state succumbed to the onslaught of the Jaga, a fierce nomadic people from the east.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761571092__1/Angola.html (4275 words)

	List of Manikongo of Kongo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Manikongo is the local version of the title for the ruler or king of the Kingdom of Kongo.
		Traditionally, Manikongo were elected by elders from among eligible members of the Kimpanzu or the Kinlaza clans.
		Manikongos during the Civil War After the Battle of Mbwila or Battle of Ulanga, the kingdom Kongo was emersed in a brutal civil war which resulted in the destruction of São Salvador in 1678.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Manikongo_of_Kongo (1242 words)

	Angola
		Kongo evolved in the late fourteenth century when a group of Bakongo (Kongo people) moved south of the Congo River into northern Angola, conquering the people they found there and establishing Mbanza Kongo (now spelled Mbanza Congo), the capital of the kingdom.
		By the middle of the fifteenth century, the manikongo (Kongo king) ruled the lands of northern Angola and the north bank of the Congo River (present-day Congo and Zaire).
		Adding to Kongo's troubles in the early 1600s was a general dissatisfaction among the Bakongo with their rulers, some of whom were greedy and corrupt.
	www.jdunman.com /u/xx/ao (19302 words)

	kongo - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Before the arrival of the Europeans, the Kongo Empire was a highly developed state at the center of an extensive trading network.
		Apart from natural resources and ivory, the country manufactured and traded copperware, raffia cloth, and pottery.
		The Kongo people spoke in the Kongo language.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/kongo (459 words)

	Manikongo at AllExperts
		The Manikongo was the title of the ruler of the Kingdom of Kongo, a kingdom that existed from the fourteenth to the 19th nineteenth centuries and consisted of land in present-day Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
		The Manikongo's seat of power was M'banza-Kongo, (also SÃ£o Salvador from 1570-1975) the present-day capital of Zaire Province in Angola, from where he would appoint govenors for the provinces in the Kingdom and receive tribute from neighbouring subjects.
		The term "Manikongo" probably derives from mwene Kongo a term that means essentially ruler, or one who exercises judgement in Kikongo.
	en.allexperts.com /e/m/ma/manikongo.htm (329 words)

	Democratic Republic of the Congo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kongo was a highly developed state located primarily in the southwest portion of the modern Congo, in addition to occupying portions of northern Angola and Cabinda.
		The kingdom was headed by a king known as the Manikongo who exercised his authority over the Bakongo (Kongo peoples) from his capital in Mbanza-Kongo, which grew into the present day city of Sao Salvador.
		The name for the "Congo" state is derived from that of the river, along with that of the Kongo Empire which controlled much of the region in precolonial times.
	88.208.194.172 /wiki/index.php/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo (4430 words)

	Manikongo information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Manikongo was the title of the ruler of the Kingdom of Kongo, a kingdom that existed from the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries and consisted of land in present-day Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
		The Manikongo's seat of power was M'banza-Kongo, the present-day capital of Zaire Province in Angola, from where he would appoint govenors for the six provinces in the Kingdom and receive tribute from neighbouring subjects.
		Eventually, in 1665, both the Kingdom and position of Manikongo were ended after the Kingdom's army was defeated by the Portuguese at the Battle of Mbwila.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Manikongo (177 words)

	Category:Lists of people - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		List of Circuit Judges of England and Wales
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		List of notable people who have commented on their LSD experiences
	www.biocrawler.com /w/index.php?title=Category:Lists_of_people&from=C (318 words)

	Angola angola - Delete url (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Episcopal see and the delete history url first of which was dispatched on a formal embassy in 1491; and the Last delete history url Slave Plantation ".The earliest inhabitants of the delete url area were hunter-gatherers whose remains date back to a few holdings in delete url the U. prisons.
		Although Kongo 's army was defeated trying delete address url to cross the delete history url Bengo River and.
		Portugal had several delete address url missions to Kongo 's army was defeated trying to delete address url cross the Bengo River and.
	afica.pay-e-bullion.org /angola-angola/delete-url.html (422 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Manikongo is the local version of the title for the ruler or king of the Kingdom of Kongo.
		Traditionally, Manikongo were elected by elders from among eligible members of the Kimpanzu or the Kinlaza clans.
		This is another list, constructed primarily from the list found in Graziano Saccardo, 'Congo e Angola con la storia dell'antica missione dei cappuccini(3 vols, Milan, 1982-83), vol.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=List_of_Manikongo_of_Kongo (1184 words)

	Kingdoms of Angola
		The capital of Kongo was the Mbanza Congo,which during the colonial period of Angola was named São Salvador.
		The kingdom was also suffering under heavy attacks from the Lunda Plateau in east.After the death of Afonzo, Kongo suffered major civil wars and in 1556 the Portuguese aided the kingdom of Ndongo in an invasion of Kongo.
		In 1641, Manikongo Garcia II allied with the Dutch to defeat the Portuguese slave traders but the alliance was broken in 1665 when the Portuguese won in the Battle of Mbwila.
	www.bjornthegreat.com /angola/ancient/kingdoms.php (1663 words)

	Kingdom of Kongo - ZDNet
		Kongo's basic unit of life was, as in most of the world, the village, called vata (libata in sixteenth century Portuguese, the language of both travelers' accounts and Kongo documents).
		Kongo's army was composed of a mass levy of archers, drawn from the general male population, and a smaller corps of heavy infantry, who fought with swords and carried shields for protection.
		Manikongos during the Civil War After the Battle of Mbwila or Battle of Ulanga, the kingdom Kongo was emersed in a brutal civil war which resulted in the destruction of São Salvador in 1678.
	kingdom-of-kongo.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Kingdom_of_Kongo (8425 words)

	Angola Student Travel
		These are the Mbundu in central and southern Angola, the Bakongo, or Kongo, in the northwest, the Kimbundu in the north and center, and the Chokwe-Lunda in the east.
		Thus, the culture of the Lunda, on the Kasai River in the east, affected the Chokwe to the extent that they are now known as the Lunda-Chokwe; similarly, the Kongo, at the time of their migration into northern Angola, put their stamp on the preexisting local chiefdoms.
		In addition, the Jaga overran the area after they had devastated the Kongo, and in the middle of the 17th century, Luanda, founded by the Portuguese in 1575, was temporarily taken by the Dutch.
	www.internationaleducationmedia.com /angola/travel.htm (2692 words)

	Lists of office-holders
		lists of people in various offices and positions, including heads of states or of subnational entities (in no particular order).
		Current incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes on 2004 in politics, and past leaders on State leaders by year.
		See also: List of national leaders (in office), state leaders by year.
	www.knowledgefun.com /book/l/li/lists_of_office_holders.html (707 words)

	Booman Tribune ~ A Progressive Community
		Bethwell Ogot of Maseno University, Kenya, on the splendor of the Kongo.
		This was the Kongo Kingdom, evolved in the late 14th century when a bundle of Iron Age chiefhoods joined into a federation governed by a king.
		A significant portion of what is known about the early Kongo stems from the correspondence of Afonso I with the Portuguese King Manuel I and his successor João III, both of whom he would address as his 'royal brother.' The relations started off well but would cool as a conflict of interest emerged.
	www.boomantribune.com /story/2005/4/10/135552/162 (3882 words)

	The Ba'kongo Nation from the Crystal Mountains of Congo, West-Central Africa - Assata Speaks - Hands Off Assata - Let's ...
		The King of this nation carried the title ManiKongo, and was the Paramount Chief of six subjugated regions: Soyo, Mpemba (where the capital of Mbanza was located), Mbamba, Mpangu, Mbata, and Nsundi.
		The ManiKongo used a strategic blend of military conquest and marriage of the daughters of nobility to unite his nation.
		The news coming from the Kongo is always worse and the enmities between the royal houses are tearing the kingdom further and further apart.
	www.assatashakur.org /forum/showthread.php?t=19875 (4603 words)

	Palo Mayombe/Monte - Assata Speaks - Hands Off Assata - Let's Get Free - Revolutionary - Pan-Africanism - Black On ...
		These are the cimarrones the kongos that escaped to hills and mountains and fought for their continued freedom and survival in lands not known to them.
		These lines of palo kongo are more criollo traditionalist and take on essence of seperation from the rest of the lines,they have been small communities and families which have continued the ways of the bakulu who first arrived and fought in cuba for freedom and for liberty from slavery.
		Palo kongo has benifited form the kongo of the ingenio as it has from the palenquen and cimmarrons have left a legacy of warriorship and of being resourcefull in the eye pf the storm.
	www.assatashakur.org /forum/showthread.php?t=12483 (3367 words)

	ON A FORGOTTEN KINGDOM
		For the previous 4 Manikongos I, in the lack of information, assume direct succession with short generations.
		Even after 1526, when the Hungarian King was the same person as the Archduke of Austria (and, in most cases, the Emperor), Hungary was not a part of the Empire, Hungary always had her own Parliament and governing bodies.
		The name of the country is always Congo Kingdom, the title of the Manikongo is always King there.
	www.rmki.kfki.hu /~lukacs/CONGO.htm (2382 words)

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