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Topic: List of Polish Field Marshals

	Field Marshal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		"Marshal" and "Marshall" are both common surnames, held by such notable figures as William Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke, and George C. Marshall, the United States Army Chief of Staff during World War II.
		A Marshal is also the name for a law enforcement officer, such as members of the United States Marshals Service, or Sky marshals who serve as undercover law enforcement onboard commercial aircraft.
		The Field Marshall is a model of agricultural tractor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Field_Marshal (431 words)

	Field Marshal
		A Marshal or Field Marshal (sometimes spelled Marshall) (Chinese: shuai, German: Feldmarschall, Polish marszałek, Swedish: Fältmarskalk) is, in some nations, the highest military rank, one step above a full General; and of a comparable rank to the highest ranking General(s) in an army that does not use the term.
		The office of Marshal was known in England from the twelfth century but in the introduction of the modern military title,Great Britain was a relative latecomer.
		The field marshal's special symbol was a baton, famously mentioned by Napoleon: "Every French soldier carries a marshal's baton in his knapsack".
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/field_marshal (929 words)

	Field Marshall
		The Field Marshall's were a range of UK tractors manufactured by Marshall, Sons and Co. of Gainsborough in Lincolnshire.
		The Field Marshalls and their tracked construction industry brothers, the Track Marshalls, were distinctive because of the use of a single-cylinder diesel engine (of about 6 litre capacity) coupled to a very large flywheel.
		Once in place the Field Marshall would be used as the powerplant for the machine, its flywheel coupled by a large driving band.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Field_Marshall (146 words)

	[No title]
		Marshal of the Air Force, where Air Force is replaced by the name of the service in question, for example, Marshal of the Royal Air Force.
		Marshal of the Soviet Union was actually the second-highest rank; Josef Stalin, who had appointed himself an "MSU", subsequently promoted himself to the rank of Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, a rank he and only he was ever appointed to hold.
		Although traditionally the British monarch is a field marshal, Queen Elizabeth II does not hold that rank (although she has since 1964 been the Lord High Admiral), and the Prince of Wales has indicated an unwillingness to be the only five-star officer of the military; the
	en-cyclopedia.com /wiki/Field_Marshal (853 words)

	List of Marshals of Poland - Encyclopedia, History and Biography
		Marshal of Poland (Marszałek Polski) is the highest rank in the Polish Army.
		However, lately a rank of generał; was introduced and on August 15, 2002, was granted to Czesław Piątas, the Chief of General Staff of the Polish Army.
		This is a complete list of Field Marshals of Poland.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Marshal_of_Poland (154 words)

	Lists of office-holders - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Current incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes on 2005 in politics, and past leaders on State leaders by year and Colonial governors by year.
		List of Patriarchs of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church
		List of Dukes of Ferrara and of Modena
	www.americancanyon.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Lists_of_incumbents (805 words)

	Field Marshal -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The title field marshal is only used by land forces (except in the (The Nazi dictatorship under Hitler (1933-1945)) Third Reich, which also used it in the (The German airforce) Luftwaffe).
		The office of Marshal was known in (A division of the United Kingdom) England from the twelfth century but in the introduction of the modern military title, (An island comprising England and Scotland and Wales) Great Britain was a relative latecomer.
		The field marshal's special symbol was a (A thin tapered rod used by a conductor to direct an orchestra) baton, famously mentioned by (French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)) Napoleon: "Every French soldier carries a marshal's baton in his knapsack".
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/F/Fi/Field_Marshal.htm (3506 words)

	Station Information - Field Marshal
		A Field Marshal (Marshall) (German: Feldmarschall, Polish marszałek, Swedish: Fältmarskalk) is, in some nations, the highest military rank, one step above a full General; and of a comparable rank to the highest ranking General(s) in an army that does not use such the term.
		Great Britain was a relative latecomer; the Duke of Argyll became her first field marshal in 1736.
		The Marshals of France (Maréchaux de France) carried blue batons with gold fleurs-de-lis engraved with the motto "Decus pacis, terror belli ("The symbol of peace, the terror of war").
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/f/fi/field_marshal.html (399 words)

	Encyclopedia: Wilhelm-List (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Generalfeldmarschall (General Field Marshal, usually translated simply as Field Marshal, and sometimes written only as Feldmarschall) was a rank in the armies of several German states and also of the Holy Roman Empire and Austrian Empire which could be granted to active officers only in wartime.
		Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Paulus (September 23, 1890, Breitenau –February 1, 1957, Dresden) was a German general, later promoted to field marshal, during World War II.
		Field Marshal Ferdinand SchÃ¶rner Ferdinand SchÃ¶rner (December 5, 1892 - February 7, 1973) was a German general and later field marshal during World War II.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Wilhelm_List (1522 words)

	WWII Axis Military History Day-by-Day: July
		Marshal Balbo is replaced by Marshal Graziani as C-in-C of Italian forces in Libya.
		Field Marshal von Rundstedt resigns as C-in-C of German forces in the West and is replaced by FM von Kluge.
		At Krasnograd near Moscow, a group of captured German officers, including Field Marshal Paulus and General von Seydlitz, and exiled German communists form the 'National Committee for a Free Germany' that calls for the overthrow of Hitler and the cessation of hostilities against the Soviet Union.
	www.feldgrau.com /july.html (5456 words)

	ICL - Poland - Constitution
		Political parties shall be founded on the principle of voluntariness and upon the equality of Polish citizens, and their purpose shall be to influence the formulation of the policy of the State by democratic means.
		Polish shall be the official language in the Republic of Poland.
		Polish citizens enjoying full public rights shall have a right of access to the public service based on the principle of equality.
	www.oefre.unibe.ch /law/icl/pl00000_.html (16909 words)

	Lists of office-holders
		lists of people in various offices and positions, including heads of states or of subnational entities (in no particular order).
		Current incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes on 2004 in politics, and past leaders on State leaders by year.
		See also: List of national leaders (in office), state leaders by year.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/lists_of_office_holders (437 words)

	Imbert de Saint-Amand. The Court of the Empress Josephine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Napoleon was in the field during the last...
		Marshal Bessières, who was in, command, replied: "The...
		Hixem ben Adra escaped from the field of...
	taiyuan.vascular-system.net (5986 words)

	Swedish Field Marshals Definition / Swedish Field Marshals Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		This is a list of the 77 Field MarshalsA Marshal or Field Marshal (sometimes incorrectly spelled Marshall) (French: maréchal, Chinese: shuai (Chinese Traditional: 元帥), Dutch: Veldmaarschalk, German: Feldmarschall, Portuguese: marechal, Spanish: mariscal, Thai: จอมพล(chom-pon), Persian بزرگ‌ارتشتاران (Bozorg-arteshtaran), Polish marszałek, Swedish: Fältmarskalk, Russian: Фельдм...
		Evert HornEvert Horn (1585-1615) was a Swedish soldier, being appointed Governor (Ståthållare) of Narva in 1613, and Field Marshal in 1614....
		He was appointed Privy Councilor in 1652, Field Marshal in 1656, Governor General of Scania in 1658, Lord High Admiral in 1664, and Chancellor of Lund University in 1666.
	www.elresearch.com /Swedish_Field_Marshals (2645 words)

	O'Meara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Lacy’s first mission in his new rank was to prepare for the siege of the fortress-town of Azov in anticipation of the long-expected war with Turkey, which was waged from 1735 to 1739.
		It was three days before they managed to persuade the angry field marshal to relent and to forgive them their presumption in proposing a retreat to him.
		The Irishman’s achievements in the field, together with the high standing he enjoyed among his troops and at court, profoundly antagonized the increasingly eclipsed Munnich.
	ideashistory.org.ru /almanacs/alm15/omeara.htm (3440 words)

	Standing Fast: German defensive doctrine on the Russian front during world war II
		Field Marshal Erich von Manstein, when describing his experiences as a panzer corps commander in Russia during the summer of 1941, observed that "the security of a tank formation operating in the enemy's rear largely [depended] on its ability to keep moving.
		Field Marshal von Leeb, commander of Army Group North and author of prewar articles on defensive operations, gave a grim situation report to the Army General Staff on 18 August.
		Field Marshal von Bock discerned the threat that these attacks posed to Army Group Center, Bock had no desire to see his units ground up piecemeal in battles of attrition and preferred instead to resume the fluid battles of maneuver that had earlier characterized the campaign.
	www-cgsc.army.mil /carl/resources/csi/Wray/wray.asp (18623 words)

	In the old days the Polish Sejm consisted of three Sejm estates: the King, the Senate and the chamber of Deputies
		This was the case in 1493, which was the beginning of long list of Polish Senate authorities.
		The grand crown marshal, on behalf of the King, presided over the sessions of joint Chambers of the Sejm, i.e.
		When grand crown marshal was absent, the sessions were presided over by the court crown marshal.
	www.senat.gov.pl /k5eng/historia/noty/nota11a.htm (1794 words)

	The Avalon Project : Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Vol. 9
		As a consequence of the events after the entrance of the German troops into the town of Bromberg, they began mass executions, arrests, and deportations of Polish citizens to concentration camps, which were performed by the German authorities, the SS, and the Gestapo.
		THE PRESIDENT: But, if my recollection is correct, the witness, Field Marshal Kesselring, raised this very point himself, and therefore the point was obvious and could have been raised in examination in chief, in which case it would have been dealt with by the Defendant Goering.
		I believe that I remember at least one case from the records where he even changed the regular manner of execution and ordered that the soldier be hanged in the Russian village in which he had committed the rape.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/imt/proc/03-22-46.htm (16432 words)

	The Ultimate dogluvers.com:Wikiproject Polish Army Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		The purpose of this WikiProject is to harmonise the efforts to describe the history of the Polish Army, its Wars, battles, traditions and its officers core.
		So far the main task is to expand the articles on Polish Defence War of 1939 and Polish-Bolshevist War to a featured article standard.
		The basic structure of the articles on wars fought by the Polish Army in the 20th century is yet to be decided at the talk page.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/dogluvers.com:Wikiproject_Polish_Army (234 words)

	The Avalon Project : Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Vol. 20 - One Hundred Ninety-Ninth Day
		It says here, "Reich Marshal, President of the Reich Research Council." That does not at all mean that Herr G6ring had knowledge of all these commissions of which tens of thousands were given in his name and on his stationery.
		MAJOR JONES: It is an affidavit by a Polish priest, attaching the names of the priests to 'his statements; the names appeared in a Polish publication, a Polish newspaper.
		All directives issued after the Polish campaign to the troops which were being sent to the West were purely of a defensive nature.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/imt/proc/08-09-46.htm (20786 words)

	Winds of Change.NET: How To Support The Troops (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The Military Child Education Coalition is a 501c3 non-profit, world-wide organization that identifies the challenges that face the highly mobile military child, increases awareness of these challenges in military and educational communities and initiates and implements programs to meet the challenges.
		The Fisher House Foundation is described as "Ronald McDonald House for wounded soldiers and their families." It donates comfort homes built on the grounds of major military and VA medical centers.
		On one of my email lists, there was a 'magazine drive' - apparently a number of the SOG folks were going back to 1911's, and there was a shortage of good quality magazines for them.
	www.windsofchange.net /archives/003234.php (8758 words)

	Links for 1920 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		List of entities that have issued postage stamps
		List of members of the Swiss Federal Council
		List of Canadian Secretaries of State for External Affairs
	www.askfactmaster.com /Links:1920 (79 words)

	Master List of Finding Aids in Manuscript and like Collections in the Princeton University Library
		Master list is in two parts A to LM to Z
		In addition, there is a package of material containing an account book (1860) listing the expenses of the Boys' School in Plovdiv which later was incorporated into the American College of Sofia, and a chronological account of Black's life by his son, Cyril E. Black.
		Included are papers relating to the case of the Bank of the United States vs. Aaron Burr and John Nicholson, other court cases of Burr, and letters from his friends and comrades during the Revolution as well as persons involved in the famous duel between Burr and Hamilton.
	libweb2.princeton.edu /rbsc2/aids/msslist/colls1.htm (14139 words)

	For All Time - World War II (parts 1-34) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		They're a Who's Who list of scandals in the Democratic Party; Secretary of State Kennedy's stock manipulation and possible rum-running is prime on the list, and all are met with pardons from the White House, for.
		Field Marshall Manstein plans a spring offensive against Kursk, aiming to drive the Russians out and seize the great Soviet salient in the area.
		The hospital was struck by a burning Spitfire during the very last days of the war, and most of the staff fled or died, the survivors surrender, and lead the Poles to a crumbling bunker and a lone, ranting figure in a wheelchair and diapers.
	foralltime.alternatehistory.com (19006 words)

	War Diaries 1939 - 1945 (Alan Brooke Alanbrooke , Field Marshal Lord Alanbrooke , Alex Danchev , Daniel Todman , Field ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		WAR DIARIES is Alanbrooke's daily record of events, addressed to his beloved wife Benita, during the time that he was British II Corps commander in France, then head of (England's) Southern Command, then Commander-in-Chief of Home Forces, and finally Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS) from December 1941.
		Indeed, AB doesn't consistently say nice things about anybody except Field Marshal John Dill (his mentor and predecessor as CIGS), Joseph Stalin, and (briefly) U.S. General Douglas MacArthur (whom he never actually meets between these pages).
		He describes the Dunkirk evacuation in May 1940; the nightly German bombings of London that continued for many months after September 1940; the defensive measures Britain took to guard against attack; the German defeat of France; and meetings with American allies to plan the invasion of Europe and the defeat of the Axis powers.
	www.interference.com /webstore/us/product/0520233018.htm (1312 words)

	Health : Article 'Carlos Hernández (baseball catcher)' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		List of players from Venezuela in Major League Baseball
		In function ListGetAt(list, index [, delimiters]), the value of index, 2, is not a valid as the first argument (this list has 1 elements).
		Valid indexes are in the range 1 through the number of elements in the list.
	www.poneweb.com /DisplayArticleFull177500.html (337 words)

	Humor
		The Marshall Plan and the Truman Policy pumped billions of dollars into discouraged countries.
		Field Artillery: Kills snake with massive Time On Target barrage with three Forward Artillery Brigades in support.
		Employees in the field call him when they have problems with their computers.
	www.usafa91.com /Humor.htm (8651 words)

	GI -- World War II Commemoration
		But when in February 1920 the first such list of some 900 names--including the former imperial crown prince, Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg, and Gen. Erich F. Ludendorff--was presented, German indignation was so strong that the Allies agreed to a compromise, namely, that investigations and trials would be handled by the German Supreme Court.
		Thereafter, 185 other leading German personalities--cabinet ministers, field marshals and admirals, industrialists, ambassadors, jurists, physicians, and so on--were indicted before 12 tribunals, composed exclusively of United States judges, at Nurnberg between December 1946 and March 1949 under a law issued by the Allied Control Council for Germany.
		The most famous of the latter trials were probably those of Marshal Henri Philippe PETAIN and Pierre Laval--respectively head of state and prime minister of France's wartime Vichy regime--and the Norwegian Vidkun Quisling, whose name had become synonymous for fifth columnist during World War II.
	www.grolier.com /wwii/wwii_warcrimes.html (4032 words)

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