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Topic: List of Presidents of Lithuania

Related Topics

President of Lithuania

Antanas Merkys

Jonas Staugaitis

List of Lithuanian rulers

Kazys Grinius

Aleksandras Stulginskis

Mindaugas II of Lithuania

Justas Paleckis

Lithuania

Algirdas Brazauskas

Algirdas Mykolas Brazauskas

History of Lithuania

Arturas Paulauskas

Valdas Adamkus

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

	President article - President title Latin chairman executive head state republic legislature - What-Means.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		President for Life is a title assumed by some dictators to ensure that their authority or legitimacy is never questioned.
		Rather, he or she is called a president in an older sense of the word to denote the fact that he or she heads the cabinet.
		In these countries, the sash is a symbol of the presidency's continuity, and presenting the sash to the new president is a key part of the inauguration ceremony.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Presidents (1857 words)

	List of Presidents of Niger\|President Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		president in an older sense of the word to denote the fact that he or she heads the ''cabinet''.
		List of Presidents* of the Dominican RepublicDominican Republic
		In FranceFrench legal terminology, the president of a court consisting of multiple judges is the foremost judge; he chairs the meeting of the court and directs the debates (and this thus addressed as "Mr President", ''Monsieur le Président'', or appropriate feminine forms).
	www.echostatic.com /List_of_Presidents_of_Niger\|President.html (2071 words)

	Lithuania Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Lithuania has since 1988 sought closer ties with the West and so on January 4, 1994, it became the first of the Baltic States to apply for NATO membership.
		The president, on the approval of the parliament, also appoints the prime minister and on the latter's nomination the rest of the cabinet (government)cabinet, as well as a number of other top civil servants and the judges for all courts, including the Constitutional Court (''Konstitucinis Teismas'').
		Lithuania's major warm-water port of Klaipėda lies at the narrow mouth of ''Kuršių Marios'' (Curonian Lagoon), a shallow lagoon extending south to Kaliningrad.
	www.echostatic.com /Lithuania.html (1523 words)

	Valdas Adamkus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Valdas V. Adamkus, born 3 November, 1926 is the current President of the Republic of Lithuania.
		His story is a success story - born in Lithuania, as a young man Adamkus joined the underground against both the Soviets and the Nazis.
		He served as President from 1998 until 2003, when he ran for re-election but, quite unexpectedly, was defeated by Rolandas Paksas.
	www.bexley.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Valdas_Adamkus (648 words)

	Vytautas Landsbergis
		Lithuania’s activity to normalize relations with more problematic neighbors was even more successful; agreements or declarations, which she jointly signed with Russia (29 July 1991), Belarus (24 October 1991), and Poland (13 January 1992) consolidated peace and opened up new perspectives for regional and European cooperation.
		Lithuania was the first, which recognized in 1991 the independence of Slovenia and Croatia, and thus made her contribution to the extinction - transformation to democracies - of the minor empire of Communism in the Balkans.
		Lithuania still continues to be Europe’s ‘contact person’ in its relations with Belarus, despite certain unfriendly action, for instance, the appointment of a war criminal of the 1991 January killings to the Belarus government and regretful failure of our neighbor to accept Europe’s and US' proposal for holding democratic elections.
	depts.washington.edu /baltic/landsbergisspeech1116.html (3458 words)

	Lithuania on the Threshold of the New Millennium - Landsbergis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Lithuania is active in the Council of the Baltic Sea Countries thus contributing to the opening of the western regions of Russia to European cooperation.
		Lithuania still continues to be Europe's "contact person" in its relations with Belarus, despite certain unfriendly actions, for instance, the appointment of a war criminal of the 1991 January killings to the Belarus government and the regretful failure of our neighbor to accept the European and US proposals for holding democratic elections.
		Lithuania is a subject in history that a decade ago extended and consolidated an area of democracy on the eastern coast of our sea—the Northern Mediterranean— where the rule of law and a market economy were given preference.
	www.lituanus.org /2001/01_1_03.htm (3559 words)

	Lithuania : Government (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		President of the Republic of Lithuania (Simono Daukanto sq.
		Lithuania maintains foreign diplomatic missions in 60 countries on six continents, a consular post in one country that is not represented by an embassy, consular posts led by Honorary Consuls in 32 countries that are not represented by an embassy, and a special mission in one country without other diplomatic representation.
		President Adamkus was instrumental in brokering a peaceful resolution to the electoral challenges in Ukraine in 2004, and Lithuania plays an important leadership role in promoting democracy throughout the region.
	www2.omnitel.net /ramunas/Lietuva/lt_government.shtml (730 words)

	List of Lithuanian rulers - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The following is a List of Lithuanian rulers, or a list of kings, dukes, grand dukes, governors and presidents of Lithuania or administrative units, that encompassed the territory of Lithuania during the periods of occupations.
		The part of the list, concerning the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, includes most common English names of incumbents, as well as their Lithuanian, Ruthenian (later Belarusian) and Polish names.
		During the Polish-Lithuanian Union and the times of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the thrones of Crown of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania were joined by a personal union.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Lithuania (725 words)

	Gabriel Narutowicz - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		After Poland regained independence in 1918, he became involved in national politics and served as minister of public works, 1920-1921, and as minister of foreign affairs in 1922.
		On December 9, 1922, he was elected by the Polish parliament (convened as the National Assembly of Poland) to be the first president of Poland, and was sworn in on December 11.
		On December 16, 1922, five days after his inauguration, while attending the opening of an art exhibition at Warsaw's gallery, Narutowicz was shot to death by a National Democrat sympathizer, painter, art professor and critic, Eligiusz Niewiadomski.
	www.bonneylake.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Gabriel_Narutowicz (274 words)

	Lithuania, Presidency, Russia - JRL 2-3-04
		Scholars proclaimed Lithuania enjoyed "democratic consolidation" while the economy had achieved a steady rate of growth with declining rates of inflation and unemployment on the one hand and rising rates of investment on the other one.
		Lithuania, the memo warned, was being used to sell and transport arms and launder money all of which could be used "to finance international terrorism." Laurinkus cited Russia's western-most Oblast, the poorly guarded Kaliningrad exclave, as a point of access to Lithuania and the EU.
		Lithuania's democracy will survive the current presidential crisis but the fears that many Lithuanian academics, journalists, and officials have displayed concerning political unrest in the country cannot be ignored.
	www.cdi.org /russia/Johnson/8046-18.cfm (3081 words)

	Italy - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Italy was a charter member of NATO and the European Union, and hence joined the growing political and economic unification of Western Europe, including the introduction of the Euro in 1999.
		The 1948 constitution established a bicameral parliament (Parlamento), consisting of a Chamber of Deputies (Camera dei Deputati) and a Senate (Senato della Repubblica), a separate judiciary, and an executive branch composed of a Council of Ministers (cabinet), headed by the president of the council (prime minister).
		The president of the republic is elected for 7 years by the parliament sitting jointly with a small number of regional delegates.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Italy (1252 words)

	Lithuania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Republic of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuva) is a republic in Northeastern Europe.
		The Lithuanian head of state is the president, elected directly for a five-year term, who also functions as commander in chief overseeing foreign and security policy.
		The president, on the approval of the parliament, also appoints the prime minister and on the latter's nomination the rest of the cabinet, as well as a number of other top civil servants and the judges for all courts, including the Constitutional Court (Konstitucinis Teismas).
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/L/Lithuania.htm (1543 words)

	L.F. BROWN: September 2004
		Lithuania (population 3.6 million; GDP per capita of $11,200 - purchasing power parity), surrounded by Poland, Belarus, Latvia, Kaliningrad (the Russian enclave) and the Baltic Sea, has had interesting times since she gained her latest independence.
		The head of state is the President, currently Valdas Adamkus, who holds office for a five year term based on a popular vote, with a maximum of two terms allowable.
		An opposition leader was once convicted in 1999 of “insulting the honour and dignity of the President” at a rally and sentenced to a year in jail.
	lfbrown.typepad.com /lfbrown/2004/09 (6302 words)

	Valdas Adamkus biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		In 1998, he was elected as the second President of Lithuania (1998-2003) after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
		Born in Lithuania, as a young man Adamkus joined the underground against both the Soviets and the Nazis.
		He served as president from 1998 until 2003, when he ran for reelection but was defeated by Rolandas Paksas.
	valdas-adamkus.biography.ms (351 words)

	Lithuania - Uncyclopedia
		Lithuania is located near Stoneya, Landia and sometimes Churkey and Brazauskia The people of Lithuania are currently enjoying the benefits of the European Union -- in other words, being able to relocate to Great Britain, Ireland, Spain and other EU countries like Uzbekistan.
		Well, Lithuania was first mentioned in 1009 by some guy in his writings, but it is known that Lithuania is much more older than that, and in the past it was one of those countries who srike terror into the neiberghous hearts, souls, minds and so on...(of course, in a good way).
		Lithuania borders the following countries: Latvia to the North, Atlantis to the West, Russia Proper (P-Russia) to the South-West, Poland to the South, China to the East, China to the South-East and China to the North-East.
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Lithuanian (4216 words)

	lithuania
		Unfortunately, the reform of science and studies in Lithuania at the present moment is stagnating, and from the year 1999 the government substantially decreased the funding for institutions of higher education.
		Social policy in Lithuania is still determined by political groups and the interests of participants and users of education are often ignored.
		Main partners in Lithuania are: the Ministry of Education and Science, Information Center, Institute of Pedagogics, National Examination Center, regional and local educational authorities, educational centers, teacher training colleges and institutions of higher education, school and teachers’ associations.
	www.osi.hu /iep/ESB/catA_2000/lithuania.htm (12102 words)

	World Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		He later voiced opposition to the ruling elite in Lithuania; in this way, he became a suitable candidate for the Lithuanian communists to become president of Lithuania in 1940 (June 17, 1940 - July 21, 1940), when Lithuania had been occupied by Soviet troops.
		His appointment as a president was made in an extraordinary situation under the control and dictate of the Soviet embassy in Kaunas.
		It is considered by some to have been unconstitutional, especially since the former state president Antanas Smetona had never resigned from his office.
	www.ensyklopedia.com /index.php?title=Justas_Paleckis&action=edit (229 words)

	RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY
		President Leonid Kuchma on 23 November addressed the nation on television with a speech devoted to the famine in Ukraine in 1932-33, which, according to various estimates, claimed 5-10 million lives, Ukrainian media reported.
		The congress elected Lauskis and Viola Lazo as deputy chairmen from a list of 19 candidates.
		The president, who cannot veto a budget bill, must sign it within seven days after it is cleared by the parliament.
	www.rferl.org /newsline/2002/11/3-cee/cee-251102.asp (3261 words)

	Lithuania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Republic of Lithuania''' (in Lithuanian languageLithuanian, '''Lietuva) is a republic in Northeastern Europe.
		Lithuania consists of 10 counties (''apskritys'', singular - ''apskritis''), each named after their principal city.
		MOSCOW, October 11 (RIA Novosti) - The Russian Foreign Ministry said in a statement Tuesday it approved of Lithuania's decision to allow Valery Troyanov, the pilot of the Russian Su-27 Flanker fighter that crashed in Lithuania, to return home, and expected Lithuanian authorities to return the wreckage in the near future.
	www.infothis.com /find/Lithuania (1532 words)

	Pravda.RU Lithuania's State Secretary, Foreign Affairs: Russia's Military Transit via Lithuania Should Be No Problem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		As usual in the end of the 2002 summit of the four presidents and observers of the few countries was held under the banner of "Central Asian Cooperation Organization" in the capital city of Kazakhstan.
		The Kyrgyz President's press office told RIA Novosti on Friday that Askar Akayev would be awarded with a bronze bust of Peter the Great, an honorary diploma and a silver medal.
		President of Azerbaijan Geydar Aliyev was "astounded" by the report of multiple human casualties caused by the terrorist act in Grozny.
	english.pravda.ru /cis/2003/01/04/41601.html (2192 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Lithuania, 1926-1938
		Lithuania continued to claim the Vilnius region, a claim which was an obstacle to improved relations to Poland, as well as to the Vatican; as Lithuania demanded the inclusion of Vilnius territory into the Lithuanian church province to be created, a CONCORDATE did only materialize after long negotiations.
		The church administration of Lithuania was reformed, the DIOCESE OF TELSIAI established (1926), replacing the old, but defunct Samogitian Diocese.
		List of Presidents etc. of Lithuania, from World Rulers by Ben Cahoon Convention between Lithuania and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics for the Definition of Aggression.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/eceurope/lithuania192638.html (266 words)

	FRANCIA
		Historically, Lithuania holds the prize as the last country in Europe to become Christian, not definitively converting until the Grand Duke Jagiello (1377-1434).
		The only drawbacks are that (1) Thompsett's lists are, indeed, genealogical, which means it is sometimes hard to find unrelated rulers in a succession, and (2) the entries are very summary, without any explanation of may be happening as, for instance, domains are divided among multiple heirs.
		However, both Tompsett and WW-Person list Stephen Count of Champagne, Meaux, and Troyes (Tompsett twice, as son of both Herbert the Elder and Herbert, Count of Meaux, identified as "Herbert the Younger").
	www.friesian.org /francia.htm (14169 words)

	Estonia, Lithuania Refuse Russia’s Invitation to Attend Victory Day Celebrations - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The presidents of Estonia and Lithuania have turned down Russia’s invitations to attend May ceremonies in Moscow marking the 60th anniversary of the end of World War II, due to lingering bitterness over the postwar Soviet occupation of the Baltic nations.
		People in the former Soviet republics of Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia are split over whether the leaders should go to the ceremony, Associated Press reported; Russia has never acknowledged its role as a driving force behind the five-decade Soviet occupation of the Baltics.
		Latvian President Vaira Vike-Freiberga said earlier she planned to attend the events in Moscow, saying she wanted to “extend the hand of friendship” to Russia.
	www.mosnews.com /news/2005/03/08/baltics.shtml (865 words)

	Bush Tells Putin Not to Interfere With Democracy in Former Soviet Republics - New York Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		President Bush spoke during a news conference in Riga, Latvia, with presidents Valdas Adamkus, left, of Lithuania, Vaira Vike-Freiberga of Latvia and Arnold Ruutel of Estonia.
		MAASTRICHT, the Netherlands, May 7 - President Bush used the 60th anniversary of Nazi Germany's defeat to warn President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia on Saturday that "no good purpose is served by stirring up fears and exploiting old rivalries" in the former Soviet republics on his borders.
		The president pointedly said, "The United States has free and peaceful nations to the north and south of us" and "we do not consider ourselves to be encircled."
	www.nytimes.com /2005/05/08/international/europe/08prexy.html?ex=1273204800&en=3084ce13e8a54d6a&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss (791 words)

	European Union Legal Materials
		The Draft Constitution was completed and presented to the President of the EU by the President of the Convention on July 18, 2003.
		The list of databases is extensive from general to highly specific, which can accommodate both beginning and advanced researchers.
		Treaty concerning the accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic to the European Union (16 April 2003)
	www.law.columbia.edu /library/Research_Guides/internat_law/eu (8176 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Lithuania, 1918-1922
		Compared with other newly established nation-states in eastern central Europe, Lithuania lacked the protection of a victorious power - Poland enjoyed the sympathy of France, Britain, the States, Latvia and Estonia British support; Lithuania was perceived as a German creation.
		ANTANAS SMETONA, chairman of the COUNCIL OF LITHUANIA, was an advocate of a policy leaning on Germany.
		Lithuania only in 1938 recognised the annexion of Vilnius and 'Central Lithuania' to Poland.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/eceurope/lithuania191822.html (343 words)

	Timeline Lithuania 1930-2004
		1939 Oct 10, Lithuania signed a treaty that allowed a soviet garrison of 20,000 troops to be stationed in the country in return for Vilnius and other regions with a population of 600,000.
		The Supreme Council promulgated the historic document: "On the Re-establishment of the Independent State of Lithuania." Validity of the 1938 Constitution was briefly reinstated and the provisional Fundamental Law was adopted.
		Vytautas Landsbergis was elected president of Lithuania under the party Sajudis.
	timelines.ws /countries/LITH_B.HTML (7587 words)

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