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Topic: List of Presidents of Somalia

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List of Presidents of Puntland

List of Presidents of Somaliland

List of Presidents of Senegal

Haji Ibrahim Egal

Somaliland

Dahir Riyale Kahin

Puntland

History of Somalia

British Somaliland

Hargeisa

Ahmad Tejan Kabbah

French Somaliland

Italian Somaliland

Awdal

History of Djibouti

In the News (Thu 3 Dec 09)

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	NEWS
		H.E. Abdirashid Ali Shermake was born in 1919 at Haradere in the district of Obbia.
		He was the President of the Afro-Asian Solidiarity Committee of Somalia and participated in the Afro-Asian Writers Conference held at Nicosia, Cyprus in 1967.
		During the Abdirashid Goverment, he was Under-Secretary of Defence and of the Presidency Council of Ministers, and in the elections of 1964 was re-elected to the National Assembly for the SYL party.
	www.banadir.com /history.htm (4559 words)

	Presidential Pardons
		Thus, we have a president who is a major "icon" of liberty and American politics, pardoning his friends and political allies for their criminal behavior, and then pushing for the prosecution of his political enemies for the same offense.
		Clinton's pardons is examined, or the list of those given by several of his predecessors, it should be obvious that many receiving pardons were either controversial politically or, more commonly, their situation was.
		The presidents and the pardons that we are worried about are precisely those where the president does not view informal petitions as suspect, and where he does not care to get DOJ involved.
	jurist.law.pitt.edu /pardonslist.htm (12496 words)

	Headlines \| Kibaki put on review list by 26 Presidents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		President Kibaki has a date with 26 African Presidents during which his 42-month rule will be subjected to rigorous peer review.
		The Presidents meet in Banjul, Gambia, on June 30, under the aegis of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (Nepad).
		President Kibaki will be the second African Head of State to field questions on governance and democracy from his peers since the Nepad peer review mechanism was introduced, the first one having been the Ghanaian leader, John Kufuor.
	www.eastandard.net /hm_news/news.php?articleid=1143954457 (1046 words)

	Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1999 - Somalia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Somalia has been without a central government since its last president, dictator Mohamed Siad Barre, fled the country in 1991.
		In the Republic of Somaliland, the existence of which was endorsed by clan elders in 1991 and 1993, a clan conference led to a peace accord early in 1997.
		This accord demobilized militia groups, established a constitution and bicameral parliament with proportional clan representation, and elected a president and vice president from a slate of candidates.
	www.usemb.se /human/human1999/somalia.html (4819 words)

	Report of the UN Secretary-General on the situation in Somalia, October 2001
		President Omar al-Bashir informed the thirty-seventh summit of OAU, held in Lusaka from 2 to 7 July 2001, of his intention to have his Special Envoy consult with all parties to the conflict in Somalia on the way forward.
		President Hassan paid an official visit to Kenya on 16 and 17 May. He asked President Moi to assist in bringing the leaders who did not attend the Arta meeting into the peace process as well as in mediating between Ethiopia and Somalia.
		President Moi invited the SRRC leaders to Nairobi and offered the assistance of Kenya in bringing them into dialogue with the TNG at a meeting he held with them on 25 May. President Moi informed me that he intended to hold a meeting with Somali leaders in early July, before the OAU Summit in Lusaka.
	www.afrol.com /Countries/Somalia/documents/un_sg_111001.htm (6558 words)

	Looking for Leadership (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		If presidents fail to recognize that winning foreign policy coalitions need to be built rather than assumed, the result will be legislative gridlock and an incoherent foreign policy.
		Divided by chamber, party, ideology, region, committee, and generation, Congress lists toward paralysis whenever a modicum of agreement and a sense of proportion are absent.
		Yet presidents and their advisers can take comfort from public opinion polls that make it clear that an internationalist majority exists out there to be mobilized.
	www.brook.edu /press/REVIEW/winter2000/lindsay.htm (2210 words)

	The History of Macho Presidents
		The president of the congress, who could serve only one year in any three-year congressional term, had little or no legal power to deal with foreign affairs.
		They did give the president the title of commander in chief of the army, navy and militia but with no authority to declare or initiate war.
		This matter of morality is important because presidents have used their assumed war power mainly against small, weak countries incapable of fending off American might.
	hnn.us /articles/970.html (3303 words)

	General Zini ...War in iraq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		He was in command of the unified task force in Somalia and has some experience with nation building.
		President Karzai faces a situation with massive refugee problems, major reconstruction problems, and tremendous political fragility in his ability to govern from Kabul.
		Again, the first on the list is that the coalition has to be in, and that coalition ought to be as broad as possible and certainly include our key European allies.
	www.somaliawatch.org /archivejun02/021018201.htm (7524 words)

	afrol News - Polio again spreading in Somalia
		The polio outbreak in Somalia, which occurred in July 2005 with an importation of poliovirus from Sudan, has affected a total of 199 children to date, according to WHO.
		WHO, UNICEF and a long list of international partners therefore yesterday launched a new vaccination campaign that is to reach children all over Somalia, also in rural areas and regions of conflict.
		Somalia has been riven by factional fighting and has lacked a functioning central government ever since the collapse of President Muhammad Siad Barre's regime 15 years ago.
	www.afrol.com /articles/18555 (741 words)

	Harold G. Marcus, President Aidid’s Somalia
		Howe failed to understand that Aidid, of all of Somalia’s politicians, was the most consistent nationalist and that he was not going to stand aside and allow his country to become an experiment in state building by those ignorant of its political and cultural traditions.
		The president repeatedly pointed out that since the establishment of the transitional government, there has been peace in Somalia except for minor clashes as the new civil administration consolidates its authority, restores taxation, and returns to regions which have been anarchic since 1991.
		Somalia, along with Liberia, Mozambique, Angola, and Rwanda, seems to be giving the lie to those racist critics who argued that Africa’s problems were so intractable that only recolonization would solve them.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/33/102.html (2962 words)

	Iran's Involvement in Somalia, with al-Qaeda (The Fourth Rail)
		Iran's Involvement in Somalia, with al-Qaeda (The Fourth Rail)
		President Ahmadinejad says Israel, US, Britain will vanish: "this is a divine promise." PM Blair calls for an "alliance of moderation" with Moderate Muslim states counter Iran.
		President Ahmadinejad may have suffered a defeat in the elections for local councils and for the Assembly of Experts.
	billroggio.com /archives/2006/11/irans_involvement_in.php (2786 words)

	Sudan: The Passion of the Present: Somalia, Sudan to dominate African Union summit / African leaders hope to soften ...
		The leaders are being asked to follow fine words with action in the thorny case of former Chad president Hissene Habre, accused by an official inquiry of 40,000 political killings and 200,000 cases of torture during his 1982-1990 rule.
		With AU presidents and ranking officials determined to resolve the dispute at an African level, analysts predict intense diplomatic jostling in Banjul as participants launch no-holds-barred diplomacy to sway Sudan into accepting the UN takeover.
		Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez are scheduled to attend the summit at the invitation of Gambian President Yahya Jammeh.
	platform.blogs.com /passionofthepresent/2006/06/somalia_sudan_t.html (3405 words)

	Heroes of Imagination - Heroes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In 1996 he was the All President's Athletic Conference, All Eastern Collegiate Athletic Conference (Southeast Region), Division III Playoffs.
		He leadership includes his former positions as President of Indiana University of Pennsylvania, President and CEO of Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, and President and CEO of Colonial Williamsburg.
		Currently, he is President and CEO of the Gettysburg National Battlefield Museum Foundation, which is charged with building a new Visitor's Center for the historic Pennsylvania site.
	wiu.k12.pa.us /derry/dasdf/heroes_list.htm (1681 words)

	Philadelphia Online \| Blackhawk Down
		As any combat vet knows---when the rounds are cracking, soldiers fight for themselves and their buddies, not presidents, generals or policies.
		Somalia was dying out as a story, and the actions of Task Force Ranger were considered secret.
		I was the CommO for BLT 1/9, the ground combat element of the 13th Marine Expeditionary Unit which was sent to Somalia as a result of the Battle of Mogadishu (we were on our way to Australia, oh well).
	inquirer.philly.com /packages/somalia/ask/ask4.asp (2463 words)

	best of craigslist : Shocked and Horrified (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Many U.S. Vietnam veterans were also victimized by this war and had the best of intentions, but the policy makers themselves knew the criminality of their actions and policies as revealed in their own words in 'The Pentagon Papers,' released by Daniel Ellsberg of the RAND Corporation.
		I was horrified by U.S. military and CIA actions in Somalia, Haiti, Afghanistan, Sudan, Brazil, Argentina, and Yugoslavia.
		It is merely a list that is easily accessible and not unknown, especially to the economic and intellectual elites.
	www.craigslist.org /about/best/sfo/1765255.html (2530 words)

	Journalists killed in 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Baton Haxhiu, president of the Kosova Journalists Association, told CPJ that Ajeti wrote daily editorials for Bota Sot, which is allied with the governing Democratic League of Kosovo party.
		Somalia has had no functioning central government since the collapse of the Siad Barre regime in 1991.
		The government declared a state of emergency on August 13 and President Chandrika Kumaratunga accused the LTTE of killing Kadirgamar, a critic of the LTTE.
	www.cpj.org /killed/killed05.html (11174 words)

	Somalia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For each country lists amount of various types of aid given plus the U.S. interest in that country, and objectives and justification.
		Somalia: U.S. Policy Options, Hearing before the Subcommittee on African Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate 107th Congress 2d session February 6 2002.
		President Bush will not be meeting with Nelson Mandela on his trip to South Africa.
	www.au.af.mil /au/aul/bibs/africa03/afr6.htm (5146 words)

	USIP Books: Somalia and Operation Restore Hope: Reflections on Peacemaking and Peacekeeping
		“Somalia” has become a symbol for the unacceptable costs of humanitarian intervention, for the type of foreign involvement that should be avoided.
		But the authors of this timely book, themselves key participants in the U.S.-led operation there, argue that substantial good was done—the tide of famine was stayed, hundreds of thousands of lives saved, and steps toward political reconciliation begun.
		John L. Hirsch was political adviser to the multinational coalition in Somalia from December 1992 to March 1993.
	bookstore.usip.org /books/BookDetail.aspx?productID=51258 (499 words)

	Historical Manuscripts
		Transmits a list of vessels that have entered and left that country "in spite of the blockade." (List not present.)
		Asks Dr. Wood to provide him a list of those killed and wounded belonging to the flagship as a result of attacks on Chinese forts.
		Under the authority of President James Monroe, an expedition was conducted in Louisiana for the purpose of locating trees, which would provide suitable lumber for the Navy.
	www.history.navy.mil /library/manuscript/manuscript_list.htm (10744 words)

	GEESKA AFRIKA ONLINE & HAN -IGAD ZONE NEWS and Diaspora USA, Canada, Australia, Europe, England, Italy, Denmark, ...
		Somalia: Eritrea opposed the move of the IGAD contingent a Djibouti (HAN) August 25
		Residents of a southern Somalia town who do not pray five times a day will be beheaded, an Islamic courts official said Wednesday, adding the edict will be implemented in three days.
		The Somalia defense minister Barre Hirale said that he had no faith in IGAD over what he described its mediator imitation in the Somali affairs.
	www.geeskaafrika.com (758 words)

	Amazon.com: Smart About the Presidents (Smart About History): Books: Jon Buller,Susan Schade,Jill Weber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		There is also a floor plan of the White House, a list of presidential perks, and lots of interesting info about all the presidents, from George Washington to George W. Each page is jam-packed with trivia, fun facts, handwritten captions, and information on the historical events of each presidency.
		The U.S. Constitution says that the president of the United States must be: born in the United States at least 35 years old a United States citizen and must have lived in the U.S. for at least 14 years Read the first page
		This book is not meant to provide "balance" on each president, rather it is a wonderful introduction to each president and meant to appeal to a very, very young audience.
	www.amazon.com /Smart-About-Presidents-History/dp/0448433729 (1952 words)

	Somalia Niger News - Media Monitoring Service by EIN News
		GOOBATO, Somalia -- Hassan Isak Nour's grandfather settled this...
		Somalia Sheikh Hassan Dahir Aweys (Leader of Council of Islamic Courts) News
		Somalia: Commissioner Louis Michel heads to the region on a peace mission
	www.einnews.com /somalia/newsfeed-somalia-niger (590 words)

	Famous Hams and ex-Hams
		Eminent physicist and space scientist nominated by President George Bush on 11-MAR- 2005, to be the 11th Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
		President of the University of Maine at Machias (UMM); credited with helping to raise the enrollment at UMM during his relatively short tenure (from 2000).
		Founder/past president YLISSB System; she also was a nurse and one of the first airline stewardesses for American Airlines in Little Rock, Arkansas; see official YL International web site; links.
	users.tellurian.com /gjurrens/famous_hams.html (6255 words)

	By Date - Council on Foreign Relations
		Ashley J. Tellis, a prominent expert on South Asian security affairs, says President Bush’s effort to mediate the differences between the presidents of Afghanistan and Pakistan is unprecedented and underscores the seriousness of the problem between the two countries.
		The United States lists Somalia as a haven for terrorists, and indeed, evidence suggests terrorists are using the fractured state as an operational hub.
		Yet Somalia's current links to terrorism are tiny in comparison to the potential problem the country poses.
	www.cfr.org /issue/publication_list.html?id=450 (467 words)

	The Awesome Library Search Results
		Describes the attention going to Somalia as a potential and actual location for terrorists to hide.
		Provides a list of leaders by country and date.
		"What principally distinguishes Germany, Japan, Bosnia and Kosovo from Somalia, Haiti and Afghanistan are not their levels of Western culture, economic development or cultural homogeneity," he says.
	www.awesomelibrary.org /cgi-bin/search-aw1-e.cgi?terms=somalia (880 words)

	allAfrica.com: Home
		Clashes between transitional government forces and fighters of the Union of Islamic Courts resumed on Thursday, in spite of an agreement on Wednesday to hold peace talks.
		Jan Eliasson, former president of the General Assembly, has been appointed Special Envoy to Darfur to replace former envoy Jan Pronk, removed at the request of Sudan's government.
		Jan Eliasson, former president of the UN General Assembly.
	allafrica.com /afdb/blogs (619 words)

	Sudan: The Passion of the Present: Somalia's refugees lose hope of going home
		The most recent bloodshed in Somalia, sparked by the militants' increasing power, has driven an average of 100 Somalis to Dadaab every day, according the UN High Commissioner for Refugees.
		But returning to Somalia, with its violent instability and poverty, is not an option either.
		Listed below are links to weblogs that reference Somalia's refugees lose hope of going home:
	platform.blogs.com /passionofthepresent/2006/08/somalias_refuge.html (2147 words)

	The Internationalist
		This outreach was most likely an attempt to balance superpowers and to attain benefits from the US such as removal of North Korea from the US list of terrorist states and assistance with the launching of a satellite before the more hard-line Bush administration came into office.2122
		This was perceived as a part of a more hostile American attitude towards North Korea and gave the North Koreans the impression that the US was set on attacking North Korea after it was through with Iraq.
		In addition, North Korea made the list of nations that would be subject to a pre-emptive nuclear strike in the administration's nuclear posture review.26
	www.princeton.edu /~intrlist/issue1/asiapacific/wang.nkorea.shtml (2760 words)

	Somalia Elections News - Media Monitoring Service by EIN News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ethiopian and Eritrean troops are already in Somalia, backing opposite sides in the confrontation between...
		However, they opted to become a new Somalia with a militia war, a failing economy,...
		Somalia's Islamic group back down over war ultimatum...
	www.einnews.com /somalia/newsfeed-somalia-elections (1157 words)

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