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Topic: List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes

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List of submarine classes

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	List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Submarines in the Soviet Navy were developed by numbered "projects," which sometimes but not always were given names.
		The NATO reporting names were based on the British (and later American) habit of naming submarines with a letter of the alphabet indicating the class, followed by a serial number of that class.
		Most Russian (and Soviet) submarines had no "personal" name, but were only known by a number, prefixed by letters identifying the boat's type at a higher level than her class.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Soviet_and_Russian_submarine_classes (284 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> submarine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Submarines in a neutral buoyancy condition are not intrinsically stable in trim.
		Military submarines are generally divided into attack submarines, designed to operate against enemy ships, including other submarines, in a hunter-killer role, or strategic ballistic-missile submarines, designed to launch attacks on land-based targets from a position of stealth, also known as "boomers" in the United States Navy or "bombers" in the Royal Navy.
		Submarines designed for the purpose of attacking merchant ships or other warships are known as "fast attacks", "hunter-killers", "fast boats", or "fleet submarines" (which terms are not synonyms; each is a different design for a different mission).
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/submarine (8496 words)

	Soviet submarine K-8 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		K-8 was a November class submarine of the Soviet Northern Fleet.
		Russian officials confirmed in 2004 that on 10 January 1970, K-8 received orders to lay a number of tactical atomic torpedoes as naval mines in the Bay of Naples, to be used against the United States Sixth Fleet.
		Since only four of her initial load-out of 24 nuclear mines were found in the wreck, the Italian government is concerned that twenty nuclear weapons may lie in the ocean floor in the Bay of Naples.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soviet_submarine_K-8 (321 words)

	Submarine
		Modern attack submarines, such as in the US Navy are known as fast attack subs and generally operate in the hunter-killer role, and large subs carrying strategic nuclear missiles are known as boomers.
		The U.S. has 18 Ohio class submarines, of which 14 are Trident II George Washington-class "boomers" were named for "famous Americans" and the later Ohio class were named for states, with the exceptions that some of the "famous Americans" were foreigners and SSBN-730 gained the name of a Senator.
		The expected replacement of those classes is the Astute-class submarine, but delays have seen the expected launch of the first A class, HMS Astute, moved to HMS A1 of the A-class of 1903.
	www.med-help.info /?p=submarine (4013 words)

	Ireland Information Guide , Irish, Counties, Facts, Statistics, Tourism, Culture, How (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Submarines are useful to a military because they can approach their attack victim without necessarily being detected, then strike at close range.
		The first military submarine was the Turtle, a hand-powered spherical contraption designed by American David Bushnell that accommodated a single man. During the American Revolutionary War, the Turtle attempted and failed to sink a British warship, the HMS Eagle in New York harbor on September 7, 1776.
		In 2000, a Russian Oscar II-class submarine (which is the world's largest cruise-missile submarine), the Kursk, sank in the Barents Sea when a leak of hydrogen peroxide in the forward torpedo room caused a spontaneous detonation of the warhead.
	www.irelandinformationguide.com /Submarine (3317 words)

	Submarine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Germany again put submarines to devastating effect the merchant ships of the United Kingdom and the United States in the Second Battle of the Atlantic in World War II Although the U-boats were improved the reason for their success was the introduction mass-attack tactics called a pack (in German Rudel) commonly traveled and fought together.
		The Soviet suffered the loss of at least four during this period: K-129 was lost in 1968 K-8 in 1970 K-219 in 1986 and Komsomolets in 1989 (which held a depth record among military submarines - 1000m).
		In 2000 a Russian Oscar II -class submarine (which is the world's largest submarine) the Kursk sank in the Barents Sea when a leak of hydrogen peroxide the forward torpedo room caused a spontaneous of the warhead.
	www.freeglossary.com /Submarine (2863 words)

	Preventing Submarine Collisions
		For example, in March 1993 a U.S. submarine collided with a Delta IV Class Russian submarine at the Barents Sea causing very heavy damage to the front area of the Russian submarine's hull, and also considerable damage to the front of the U.S. submarine as well (the SSN Grayling).
		Since the Russian missile carrying submarine was moving forward in the water when the collision occurred, had the collision happened ten to twenty seconds later, it could have resulted in the crushing of one or more of the submarine's missile compartments.
		What is important to understand, the Russian command-and-control system designed in such a way, that neither a group of "crazy submariners", nor of terrorists (not speaking about a single "berserk") can technically deliver a nuclear-tipped ballistic missile at a chosen target and explode the nuclear warhead.
	www.armscontrol.ru /subs/collisions/debates.htm (3135 words)

	Russian Low-Observable Technology Research Detailed
		While a prototype of the MFI, the 1.44, was finally flown, the Russian defense ministry abandoned it, primarily because of a lack of funding.
		Soviet and, latterly, Russian specialists have taken a different approach to the development of LO technology from that of their U.S. counterparts.
		Russian aircraft designers also have taken what they consider to be a "balanced approach" to LO technology, arguing they did not want to compromise the aerodynamic performance in order to reduce the aircraft's radar cross section (RCS).
	www.aviationnow.com /avnow/news/channel_awst_story.jsp?id=news/081103top.xml (2019 words)

	Russian Navy History Books OTH-085 Nuclear Submarines of The Soviet & Russian Navy on www.Aviapress.com. Model kits, ...
		The Soviet and Russian nuclear submarines can be divided into four generations according to their construction and combat capabilities.
		Since their building, the Soviet submarine building industry occupied the leading position in the world both in qualitative (especially in the areas of usage of titanium technologies, liquid metals heat carriers and automation on the submarines of project 705) and quantitative aspects (during the 70s the USSR built three times more submarines than the USA).
		The nuclear submarines of the third generation (projects 945, 685, 949, 971) were characterized by better furtiveness due to the increased depth of dive and decrease of noise levels.
	www.aviapress.com /viewonekit.htm?OTH-085 (719 words)

	México - Presidencia de la República \| Foros
		Royal Navy submarines classes, including ballistic missile submarines, are letter-based; thus, all boats of the Swiftsure class begin with the letter S and the Trafalgars, the letter T. Though this has been the way with all Royal Navy submarines, they were originally designated alphanumerically, such as HMS A1 of the A-class of 1903.
		The Soviet Union suffered the loss of at least four submarines during this period: K-129 was lost in 1968, K 8 in 1970, K -219 in 1986, and Komsomolets (the only Mike class submarine) in 1989 (which held a depth record among the military submarines—1000 m).
		In the case of deck or tube launched torpedoes, the diameter of the torpedo is obviously a key factor in determining the suitability of a particular torpedo to a tube or launcher, similar to the calibre of the gun.
	www.foros.gob.mx /read.php?f=5&i=5229&t=5229 (8405 words)

	Submarines and Current Arms Control Challenges.
		Since 1992, our attention was continuously focused on problems of Russian sea based strategic forces, studying an impact of detectability of missile submarines on strategic stability, history of nuclear powered submarine development and problems of nuclear submarine disposal.
		The author comes to the conclusion, that most likely, the reason was very short detection range of submarines, because of that both submarines operated covertly and did not use other means of detection except passive acoustics.
		The data on submarine classes, chronology and numbers of built are presented.
	www.armscontrol.ru /subs/projects.htm (1274 words)

	Category "Submarine classes" - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		There are 2 subcategories shown below (more may be shown on subsequent pages).
		List of submarine classes of the Royal Navy
		List of submarine classes of the United States Navy
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Category/Submarine_classes (87 words)

	Amazon.com: Red Star Rogue: The Untold Story of a Soviet Submarine's Nuclear Strike Attempt on the U.S.: Books: Kenneth ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This was the loss of the Soviet Golf II class ballistic missile submarine (SSB) K-129, and the subsequent examination and recovery of the wreck by the United States.
		The submarine was not in a single piece as claimed by the CIA (A point made earlier by Burleson in his book), and the photos showed damage consistent, upon detailed technical analysis, with the probability of an attempted failed missile launch.
		The analysts concluded that the submarine was most probably "rogue", as the USSR was not on high alert nor were they other signs of other preparations for war on the date the K-129 had sunk.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0743261127?v=glance (3760 words)

	Military History & Science - Education & Science - Russia Guide - TicketsOfRUSSIA.ru
		A short summary of Russian laws concerning firearms and brief history of firearm evolution in Russia from the middle ages to the present.
		List of classes, admission requirements, exams and knowledge requirements.
		PKKA is the Russian abbreviation for the official name of the Red Army, that is, RKKA "The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army", CA - same for the Soviet Army (SA).
	www.ticketsofrussia.ru /russia/es/military_history_and_science.htm (1046 words)

	A Computer Geek's History of the Internet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Blaise Pascal developed a mechanism called the Pascaline to calculate with 8 figures and carrying of 10's, 100's, and 1000's etc. In honor to his scientific contributions the name Pascal has been given to a programming language, as well as to many mathematical concepts.
		Cyrus West Field was chiefly responsible for laying the first submarine telegraph cable between America and Europe.
		The DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) was established as the U.S. response to the Soviet Union launching of Sputnik.
	www.wbglinks.net /pages/history (6893 words)

	World Navies Today: Russian Submarines
		State of the Russian Fleet: Due to continued political, economic and societal chaos in Russia, the Fleet is in a badly deteriorated state.
		Discarded Classes: The single 'Beluga' class trials submarine is believed to be inoperable or discarded; the only 'Lima' class trial submarine entered overhaul circa 1989 and was abandoned by 1993.
		The two 'India' class salvage/rescue submarines were discarded in 1995; the four 'Bravo' class target/training submarines were discarded 1992-95.
	www.hazegray.org /worldnav/russia/submar.htm (2428 words)

	Johnson's Russia List #5379 - August 3, 2001
		Russian warships are constantly on patrol, and last fall the navy
		Friday and a full listing can be found at our website at www.nceeer.org.
		A Russian media expert has told a late-night interview show that Russian TV programmes have come down to earth since the Media-Most crisis started.
	www.cdi.org /russia/johnson/5379.html (7764 words)

	List of NATO reporting names for ballistic missile submarines - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		List of NATO reporting names for ballistic missile submarines - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		NATO reporting name for ballistic missile submarines, with Soviet designations:
		Ballistic Missile Submarines - Nuclear Propelled (Podvodnaya Lodka Atomnaya Racetnaya Ballistecheskaya - PLARB)
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/l/i/s/List_of_NATO_reporting_names_for_ballistic_missile_submarines_612c.html (102 words)

	National Geographic: Submarine Milestones -- Largest Subs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A Soviet Typhoon class ballistic missile submarine underway.
		They are quieter than their predecessors, largely due to their enormous size and improvements in quieting techniques.
		As part of a cooperative arms reduction program with former Soviet states, most of the six submarines in the Typhoon class are scheduled for dismantling by 2003.
	www.nationalgeographic.com /k19/sub_detail_sov5.html (112 words)

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