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Topic: List of Turkic states and empires

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Crimean Khanate

Siberia Khanate

Xacitarxan

Khanate of Kazan

Siberia Khanante

Turkic

Volga Bulgaria

Golden Horde

Gokturks

Qasim Khanate

Khanate

Uighurs

Ottoman Empire

Safavids

Muscovy

	Nationalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire disintegrated.
		The state derives political legitimacy from its status as homeland of the ethnic group, and from its function to protect the national group and facilitate its cultural and social life, as a group.
		State nationalism is a variant on civic nationalism, very often combined with ethnic nationalism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nationalistic (7358 words)

	Turkic peoples - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Turkic soldiers in the army of the Abbasid caliphs emerged as de facto rulers of most of the Muslim Middle East (except Syria and Egypt), particularly after the 10th century.
		In Central Asia, a Turkic warrior caste whose lifestyle was influenced by the Mongols became the aristocrats of the polyglot Turco-Persian culture.
		The Ottoman Empire grew weaker in the face of repeated wars with Russia and Austria, and the emergence of nationalist movements in the Balkans, and it finally gave way after World War I to the present-day republic of Turkey.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Turks (2009 words)

	Turkic peoples - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Turkic peoples are Northern and Central Eurasian peoples who speak languages belonging to the Turkic family, and who, in varying degrees, share certain cultural and historical traits.
		The Turkic languages are a subdivision of the Altaic language group, and are one of the most geographically widespread in the world, being spoken in a vast region spanning from Europe to Siberia.
		Turkic soldiers in the army of the Abbasid caliphs emerged as the de facto rulers of most of the Muslim Middle East (apart from Syria and Egypt), particularly after the 10th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Turkic_peoples (4018 words)

	List of Turkic states and empires - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The following listed kingdoms and empires were at some time ruled by Turkic kings/khans/shahs or other dynasties.
		Mentioning of any particular entity in this place should not be read to mean that the entity as a whole was Turkic or even had more than a significant minority of Turkic subjects.
		Ghaznavid Empire (962-1187) (Turkish identity of the dynasty strongly disputed [1])
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Turkic_states_and_empires (210 words)

	Turkic
		Turkic peoples are Northern and Central Eurasian peoples who speak languages belonging to the Turkic family, and who, in varying degrees...
		Turkic languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by people spread across a vast area...
		Turkic TURKIC Turkic, group of languages forming a subdivision of the Altaic subfamily of the Ural-Altaic...
	languagehistory.iglulanguage.com /turkic (804 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		They formed an independent state, often called by Byzantine sources 'the Old Great Bulgaria', between the lower course of the Danube to the west, the Black and the Azov Seas to the south, the Kuban river to the east, and the Donets river to the north.
		With the collapse of the Gokturk empire / tribal confederation due to internal conflict in the seventh century, the western half of the Turk empire itself split into two confederations, the Bulgars, led by the Dulo clan, and the Khazars, led by the Ashina clan, the traditional rulers of the Gok Turk empire.
		In the 10th century the empire began to decline due to the attacks of both Vikings from Kievan Rus and various Turkic tribes.
	list.of.turkic.states.and.empires.en.wikivx.com (9199 words)

	homepage\Non Arab-North (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Both the British and Russian Empires vied for influence in the area, and in the 19th century Afghanistan was taken from Iran by Britain.
		Osman I, the ruler in northwestern Anatolia, is traditionally regarded as the founder of the Ottoman states.
		Later ruler, notably, Suleiman the Magnificent, expanded the boundaries of the empire in the Middle East, Northern Africa, and Europe.
	www.list.org /~mdoyle/NonArab.html (1593 words)

	Turkic peoples (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The world's Turkic peoples, numbering perhaps 150-200 millionpeople in all, are the descendants of large groups of people who originated in Central Asia, in a land known asTurkistan, or Turan, which is the geographical region between the Ural and Altay mountains.
		Turkic soldiers in the army of the Abbasid caliphs emerged as de facto rulers of most of the Muslim Middle East (except Syria and Egypt),particularly after the 10th century.
		The Ottoman Empire grew weaker in the face of repeated wars with Russia and Austria and the emergence of nationalist movementsin the Balkans, and finally gave way after World War I to the present-dayrepublic of Turkey.
	www.therfcc.org /turkic-peoples-77360.html (2031 words)

	math lessons - Turkic peoples
		The English term "Turkic" is nowadays mainly used to describe the languages and peoples of the whole area while the term "Turkish" is commonly seen as referring to the peoples and language of modern Turkey and some of the ethnically and culturally particularly close peoples and ethnic minorities in surrounding countries.
		One of the major difficulties perceived by many who try to classify the various Turkic languages, dialects, peoples and ethnic groups is the impact Soviet and particularly Stalin's nationality policies, creation of new national demarcations and mass deportations had on the ethnic mix in previously largely multicultural regions like Khiva/Khwarezmia, Fergana valley and Caucasia.
		The current common understanding is to assume at least a partial separation of linguistic and racial heritage, based on the multitude of invasions, wars, empires, population movements in the region and the general disrepute all racial origin theories have fallen in recent times.
	www.mathdaily.com /lessons/Turks (1511 words)

	ARH 382 - ID List 12
		It was geologically formed by the shifting of massif plates and is the deepest trough under sea level (505 ft/154 m) in the whole of China.
		The empire actually moved after the mid-ninth century, establishing itself in the Gansu corridor for a time and then to Mongolia and back to the Tarim Basin area.
		In the seventh century it reached Central Asia and in the eighth century was adopted by the Uighurs as a state religion.
	www.uoregon.edu /~arthist/jacobson/arh382/list12.htm (665 words)

	Informat.io on Haci I Giray
		He ascended the throne after a long struggle against the khans of the Golden Horde for the independence of the Crimean Khanate in which he was supported by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
		While some sources state he came to power as early as 1428 or 1434, the first coins of Haci Giray are not earlier than 1441.
		Haci I Giray founded the Giray Dynasty of the Crimean Khans, and introduced the new state symbol: "taraq tamğa" or "the trident of Girays", which is a derivation from the scales insignia of Golden Horde.
	www.informat.io /?title=haci-i-giray (242 words)

	Turkic peoples - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		There are also two other major autonomous Turkic regions: The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (also known as East Turkestan) in western China, and the autonomous state of Gagauzia, located within eastern Moldova, and bordering Ukraine to the north.
		Although they have been settled and urbanized, the older tradition of nomadism has created a cultural norm which, at its best, is represented by a combative spirit, a sense of leadership, the habit of mobility, craftsmanship, gallantry, elegant equestrian skill and an unusual dexterity as archers on horseback.
		It first sprang up at the end of 19th century in the Russian Empire and was advanced by leading Turkic intellectuals like Crimean Tatar İsmail Gaspıralı and Tatar Yusuf Aqçura, as a reaction to Panslavist and Russification policies of the Russian Empire.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Turkic (2915 words)

	homepage\overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		For hundreds of years the Ottoman Empire was the greatest empire in the world and was treated with respect and fear.
		However, by the end of the 18th century, the Ottoman Empire was in a state of decay.
		This partition ended the rule of empires on the Middle East as the region today is divided into many nation-states with loyalty to the nation rather than to an empire.
	www.list.org /~mdoyle/overview.html (2892 words)

	List of Turkic states and empires - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		List of Turkic states and empires - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about List of Turkic states and empires contains research on
		List of Turkic states and empires, Historical kingdoms and empires, Turkic-Mongolian States, Turkic States in Eastern Europe, Modern Turkic Countries, Nation states, Autonomous Turkic republics in the Russian Federation, Other Autonomous Turkic regions, See also, External links, Turkic peoples and Former countries.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/List_of_Turkic_states_and_empires (236 words)

	The Mongol Empire - All Empires
		No other empire in history has seen such an extraordinary expansion in the lifetime of one man. Although Chingis Khan brought much destruction in his conquests, it is clear that he did not intend to commit mass genocide like that of Hitler, even though the death tolls far exceeded anything in history.
		The Empire at the ascension of Ogedei Khan
		In conclusion, the Mongol Empire is one of great significance; for the better or worse of the world, it is not one that is to be forgotten.
	www.allempires.com /article/index.php?q=The_Mongol_Empire (7237 words)

	Omnipelagos.com ~ article "List of Turkic states and empires" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Avar kingdom (some consider it a second dynasty of the Hun Empire).
		The kingdom and then current modern state of Bulgaria
		The Kingdom and then current modern State of Hungary
	www.omnipelagos.com /entry?n=list_of_%54urkic_states_and_empires (129 words)

	Turkic peoples - Gurupedia
		The world's Turkic peoples, numbering perhaps 150-200 million people in all, are the descendants of large groups of people who originated in Central Asia, in a land known as Turkistan, or Turan, which is the geographical region between the Ural and Altay mountains.
		This empire covered what is southern Russia, Romania, Northern Yugoslavia, Hungary, Austria, Czech republic, southern and central Germany and the area from eastern France to the Ural mountains; from northern Hungary to the Byzantine Empire.
		The majority of Turkic peoples from Siberia to eastern Europe have a similar linguistic, cultural and historical background, although their regional history (history of each individual Turkic nation) is different.
	www.gurupedia.com /t/tu/turks.htm (2157 words)

	Ask Us A Question (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		List of countries by number of active troops
		List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions per capita
		List of countries by ratio of carbon dioxide emissions to GDP per capita
	www.avoo.com /wiki/Image:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg (375 words)

	[No title]
		A program that focuses on the history, society, politics, culture, and economics of the United States and its Pre-Columbian and colonial predecessors, and including the flow of immigrants from other societies.
		Turkic, Ural-Altaic, Caucasian, and Central Asian Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics.
		A program that focuses on the history, sociology, politics, culture, and economics of women, and the development of modern feminism in relation to the roles played by women in different periods and locations in North America and the world.
	nces.ed.gov /pubs2002/cip2000/ciplist.asp?CIP2=05 (1799 words)

	1571 dgun.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The capital of the former global empire, London is a leader in culture, communications, politics, finance, entertainment and the arts and has considerable influence worldwide.
		After the fall of the Roman Empire, Londinium was abandoned and a Saxon town named Lundenwic was established approximately one mile to the west in what is now Aldwych, in the 7th century.
		The rule of the last Crimean khan Şahin Giray, a Russian-supported ruler, was marked with increasing Russian influence and outbursts of violence from the side of the khan administration towards internal opposition.
	www.dgun.org /en/1571 (9028 words)

	Uzbekistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Territories of these states became a part of the Persian Achaemenid empire in the 6th century, hence becoming part of Persia for centuries.
		The state in the hands of the bureaucracy has remained a dominant influence in the economy.
		The relationship between Uzbekistan and the United States began to deteriorate after the so-called "color revolutions" in Georgia and Ukraine (and to a lesser extent Kyrgystan).
	phentermine.tfres.net /wiki/Uzbekistan (3887 words)

	All Empires History Forum: Mutual Intelligibility of Turkic language
		It would be great if various Universities in the Turkic countries did a joint project to create a standardised Turkish and adopt this for all education purposes, I don't think it would be a huge or hard task, it would be good for the region and communication.
		Standardization all Turkic languages except Yakut and Chuvash seems to be wishful thinking due to the unwillingness of our politicians and world conjuncture which will never let Turks do such a wonderful thing, which will unite all Turkic countries at the end.
		Turkic seems to mean similar to Turks but not Turk.
	www.allempires.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=11744&PN=3 (1835 words)

	Ask Us A Question (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		List of teams and cyclists in the 2005 Tour de France
		List of Ambassadors and High Commissioners to and from New Zealand
		List of teams and cyclists for the 2005 Tour of Spain
	www.avoo.com /wiki/Image:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg (698 words)

	1437 oddd.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Eventually, however, he was rehabilitated by his relative Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire, who placed Ulugh Beg's remains in the tomb of Timur in Samarkand, found by archeologists in 1941.
		The Kazan Khanate (Tatar: Qazan xanlığı; Russian: Казанское ханство) (1438-1552) was a Tatar state on the territory of former Volga Bulgaria with its capital in Kazan.
		The majority of the population were qara xalıq (fl people): a free Muslim population, who lived on state land (the designation "fl" in Turkic culture was often used to refer to commoners, and not intended as a racial designation; on this point see also Khazars).
	www.oddd.org /en/1437 (6407 words)

	List of Turkic states and empires - Unipedia
		List of Turkic states and empires - Unipedia
		The following listed kingdoms and empires were at some time ruled by Turkic kings/khans/shahs or dynasties.
		List of Turkic states and empires Top 10 Bestselling Search: List of Turkic states and empires
	www.unipedia.info /List_of_Turkic_states_and_empires.html (115 words)

	Category:Turkic peoples - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Many of these peoples' origins are still being debated.
		For example, while most linguists classify Proto-Bulgarian as a Turkic language, others have disputed this classification and point to Iranian and other linguistic features.
		Finally, some people listed, such as the Golden Horde, were in part or in whole Mongolian in origin, yet are included in this category because they adopted Turkic languages.
	www.gogog.com /project/wikipedia/index.php/Category:Turkic_peoples (206 words)

	Siberia Airlines
		That article specifically lists what is included into Siberia and what's not.
		Eight centuries later Turkic peoples such as Khagases and Uighurs, also compelled to migrate north-westwards from their former seats, subdued the Ugro-Samoyedes.
		These new invaders likewise left numerous traces of their stay, and two different periods may be easily distinguished in their remains.
	www.artistbooking.com /trips/186/siberia-airlines.html (1554 words)

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