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Topic: List of Wallachian rulers

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	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Over the Carpathians, Wallachia shared a border with Transylvania; Wallachian princes have for long held possession of areas north of the this line (Amlaş, Ciceu, Făgăraş, and Haţeg), which are generally not considered part of Wallachia-proper.
		Byzantine influence is evident during the 5th to 6th century, such as the site at Ipoteşti-Cândeşti, but from the second half of the 6th century and in the 7th century Slavic peoples crossed the territory of Wallachia and settled in it, on their way to Byzantium, occupying the southern bank of the Danube.
		In 593, the Byzantine commander-in-chief Priscus defeated Slavs, Avars and Gepids on future Wallachian territory, and, in 602, Slavs suffered a crucial defeat in the area; Flavius Mauricius Tiberius, who ordered his army to be deployed north of the Danube, encountered his troops' strong opposition.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Wallachia (3790 words)

	Romania in the Middle Ages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In the late 11th century the territory of Wallachia was incorporated in the Second Bulgarian Empire ruled by the Asen dynasty.
		They themselves sought their lineage among the rulers of the First Bulgarian Empire and viewed the state created by them as a continuation of the tsardom of Peter I and Samuil.
		The Turks chose Wallachian and Moldavian princes from among the sons of noble hostages or refugees at Constantinople.
	hackettstown.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Romania_in_the_Middle_Ages (4115 words)

	Liberty Mill: The Historical Dracula
		Impalement was a particularly form of execution wherein the victim was impaled between the legs from behind, upon a large sharpened stake (with the width of a man's arm).
		As with most elective monarchies during the Middle Ages the power of the central government tended to be dissipated among the nobility as various members of the ruling family vied for the throne.
		In 1443 Vlad II regained the Wallachian throne with Turkish support, on the condition that he sign a new treaty with the sultan that included not only the customary annual tribute but the promise to yearly send contingents of Wallachian boys to join the sultans Janissaries.
	lyberty.com /encyc/articles/dracula.html (7966 words)

	Australian Information from Wikipedia
		In 1342 and 1345, the Hungarians were victorious in a battle against Tatars; the conflict was resolved by the death of Jani Beg, in 1357).
		The Wallachian prince Michael the Brave deposed Prince Ieremia in 1600, and managed to become the very first monarch to unite Moldavia, Wallachia, and Transylvania under his rule; the episode ended in Polish conquests of lands down to Bucharest, soon ended by the outbreak of the Polish-Swedish War and the reestablishment of Ottoman rule.
		A few years later, Moldavia was occupied for two short intervals by the anti-Ottoman Wallachian prince Constantin Åerban, who clashed with the first ruler of the Ghica family, Gheorghe Ghica.
	www.thinkingaustralia.com /thinking_australia/wikipedia/default.php?title=Moldavia (3149 words)

	Turkish Wars Lists for DBR
		This list covers the Ottomans from their war against Tumir, their recovery of lost territories and expansion into the Balkans, Aegean and Anatolia, to the beginning of their first war against the Mamaluks at the end of the period.
		Wallachian or Serbian allies were treacherous on the field and turned on the Hungarians; Poles and Moldavians did not.
		This list covers the Empire of Tumir, which attacked the Mamaluks, Jalayarids and Ottomans, in the early 1400's, and the successor states it fragmented into that were involved in wars with the Black and White Sheep Turkoman and Mamaluks over Azerbaijan and Iraq.
	marina.fortunecity.com /salmon/224/Medieval/turkish.html (2199 words)

	[No title]
		Cuningham, lists a James de Cunyngham in 1317, a William de Conyngham in 1370, and a William de Cuningham in 1403.
		Listed on the LoI as Thomas Drake D'Abernon, both the forms and the documentation show the byname as d'Abernon.
		Graham, lists a William de Graham occurring in several charters in the 12th C. In this case, the given name is normalized, but the surname is not.
	www.sca.org /heraldry/loar/2006/06/06-06lar.txt (8830 words)

	Vlad III Dracula information - Search.com
		From his first marriage, to a Wallachian noble woman, Dracula apparently had a son, later prince of Wallachia as Mihnea cel Rău, and another two with his second wife, a relative of the Hungarian king.
		A key element of the power of the Wallachian nobility was their connections in the German-populated autonomous Saxon towns of Transylvania, so Vlad acted against these cities by eliminating their trade privileges in relation with Wallachia and by organizing violent raids against them.
		The list of tortures employed by the prince is extensive: nails in heads, cutting off of limbs, blinding, strangulation, burning, cutting off of noses and ears, mutilation of sexual organs (especially in the case of women), scalping, skinning, exposure to the elements or to animals, and boiling alive.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Vlad_III_Dracula (7750 words)

	[No title]
		1030 â“ 1042: The rulers of the Nitrian principality are unknown.
		1043 â“ 1048: The rulers of the Nitrian principality are unknown.
		It contais a list of all properties of the monastery and of adjacent properties at the Nitra basin, the VÃ¡h basin and the Turiec region.
	www.angelfire.com /sk3/quality/Part_of_Hungary_I.html (14941 words)

	Category:Lists of office-holders - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		List of Governors-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis
		List of Governors-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
		List of Prime Ministers of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
	www.biocrawler.com /w/index.php?title=Category:Lists_of_office-holders&from=R (210 words)

	Sideshow Collectibles.com - - Manufacturer of movie, film, television and proprietary collectibles, figures and toys.
		Sultan Mahomet II, one of the most prominent Turkish rulers in history and a man not noted for his squeamishness, is said to have been once deterred from attacking Wallachia by the sight of twenty thousand bodies of Turkish prisoners executed by impalement near the capital city of Targoviste.
		A well sculpted "Wallachian Prince hat" embellished with a golden starburst, set with a brilliantly painted ruby and topped off with 3 sculptured "feathers" which sadly look as thought they are in need of serious dusting, adorns his head.
		The crimson Wallachian fur coat is beautifully executed (okay, bad pun) with mock brown fur collar and trim with lining within.
	www.sideshowtoy.com /cgi-bin/category.cgi?category=042204vlad (923 words)

	HISTORY OF ROMANIA FACTS AND INFORMATION
		Kings of Hungary invited the Pechenegs and Cumans from Wallachia to settle in Transylvania, and also the Szecklers, the Teutonic_Order and the Saxons and the Schwabs.
		In the year 1600, Wallachia, Moldova and Transylvania principalities were headed by the Wallachian prince Michael the Brave (Mihai_Viteazul), Ban of Oltenia, but the chance for a unity dissolved after Mihai was killed, only one year later, by the soldiers of an Austrian army general Giorgio_Basta.
		In 1866, the German prince Carol I (Charles or Karl) of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was appointed as Domnitor of the Principality of Romania, to end the rivalry and struggle for the seat of power by the Romanian boyar factions.
	www.palfacts.com /History_of_Romania (2337 words)

	[No title]
		It became crucial for rulers or for those who wished to reach the top of the social pyramid to have the closest possible relations with the fraternities, because these organizations could spread their fame, recruit warriors for them, and bring them economic advantages through the craft associations.
		The last ruler, John Shishman, was accused of collaboration with the enemy and was executed at the orders of the sultan.
		Stefan Lazarevic, the ruler of Serbia, would probably have gotten the same treat- ment, in spite of the fact that he quickly swore a new oath of loyalty to Bayezid, had not the sultan had more pressing problems to solve.
	coursesa.matrix.msu.edu /~fisher/bosnia/readings/sugar1.html (12041 words)

	Vlad Tepes - WiccanWeb.ca
		From his first marriage, to a Wallachian noble woman, Vlad III apparently had a son, later prince of Wallachia as Mihnea cel Rău, and another two with his second wife, a relative of Matthias Corvinus of Hungary.
		A key element of the power of the Wallachian nobility was their connections in the Transylvanian Saxon - populated autonomous towns of Transylvania, so Vlad acted against these cities by eliminating their trade privileges in relation with Wallachia and by organizing raids against them.
		It is unclear why Bram Stoker chose this Wallachian prince as the model for the vampire in his novel.
	www.wiccanweb.ca /wiki/index.php/Vlad_Tepes (6182 words)

	Sugar. Early History
		Although the Ottoman rulers added a long list of impressive titles to these first two, including those of sultan (the holder of authority), hudavendigar (emperor), sultan-i azam (the most exalted sultan), and padisah (sovereign), they always kept gazi as their first title.
		It became crucial for rulers or for those who wished to reach the top of the social pyramid to have the closest possible relations with the fraternities, because these organizations could spread their fame, recruit warriors for them, and bring them eco- nomic advantages through the craft associations.
		Stefan Lazarevic, the ruler of Serbia, would probably have gotten the same treatment, in spite of the fact that he quickly swore a new oath of loyalty to Bayezid, had not the sultan had more pressing problems to solve.
	coursesa.matrix.msu.edu /~fisher/hst373/readings/sugar.html (12113 words)

551: 1256:

	Voda Fone
		List of Wallachian rulers 99:
1669-1672	Antonie Voda din PopestiAntonie Vodand#259; din Popeand#351;ti <
		List of cities in Romania 344:	Navoda riNand#259;voda ri	Cernavoda Cernavodand#259;	Negru Voda Negru Vodand#259;
		List of rivers in Slovakia 10: # Cierna voda and#268;ierna voda : 41 km 85: ** Cierna voda and#268;ierna voda (at ''Veand#318;ký Ostrov'' near Komárno) 86: *** Dudváh (at Cierna voda (village))
	www.lottery-news.net /dust36177-voda_fone.html (467 words)

	Messiah - ExampleProblems.com
		This is not a full listing of the different periods of revelation, but a limited list helpful in the context.
		Another Christian view does not see several dispensations or ages as is espoused by Dispensationalism but rather sees a single elect company of believers from both sides of Calvary drawn from the Old Testament and New Testament periods and extending right up to the last day of this present age.
		Having secured a following among some Turkish and Wallachian Jews, he came in 1755 to Podolia, where the Shabbethaians were in need of a leader, and revealed himself to them as the reincarnation of the soul of Berechiah.
	www.exampleproblems.com /wiki/index.php/Messiah (4641 words)

	News & Reviews
		Some lists cover long periods, such as the Pre-Moghul Indian which can be dated from the 5th century to the 16th with no periodisation, or the Spanish Muslim which is logically divided into the 8th century invasion force and the later mainly Spanish-born forces.
		The list are in an A4 softback format, with 64 pages, including army list, fl and white pictures of a range of miniatures from a variety of manufacturers.
		Still, these lists are not simply a rewriting to fit a new rule system, they also include a solid core of personal research and interpretation undertaken from translations of primary sources.
	www.visbellica.com /vb_reviews.htm (5913 words)

	-Vlad-
		The rulers of Wallachia were thus forced to appease these two empires to maintain their survival, often forging alliances with one or the other, depending upon what served their self-interest at the time.
		The first ruler of the new country was Prince Basarab the Great, an ancestor of Dracula.
		The list of tortures employed by this cruel prince reads like an inventory of hell’s tools: nails in heads, cutting off of limbs, blinding, strangulation, burning, cutting off of noses and ears, mutilation of sexual organs (especially in the case of women), scalping, skinning, exposure to the elements or to wild animals, and burning alive.
	www.vladthemovie.com /html/history.htm (5597 words)

	The Iron Maiden Commentary
		The second ascendant fact of the fifteenth century Wallachian political life was the influence of powerful neighbours.
		When questioned about his actions by the king, Dracula answered that a gentleman does not enter the presence of a great ruler without an introduction – had the captain followed proper protocol he would not have incurred the wrath of the prince.
		The list of tortures employed by this cruel prince reads like an inventory of Hell's tools: nails in heads, cutting off of limbs, blinding, strangulation, burning, cutting off of noses and ears, mutilation of sexual organs (especially in the case of women), scalping, skinning, exposure to the elements or to wild animals and boiling alive.
	www.maidenfans.com /imc/?url=album01_ironmaiden/vladtepes&link=albums&lang=eng (7555 words)

	The Historical Dracula - An Essay by Ray Porter (c)1992
		The throne of Wallachia was hereditary but not by the law of primogeniture; the boyars, or great nobles, had the right to elect the voivode from among the various eligable members of the royal family.
		Vlad Dracul was in Transylvania attempting to gather support for his planned effort to seize the Wallachian throne from the Danesti Prince, Alexandru I. The house where Dracula was born is still standing.
		Like the previous version of her treatment, she attempts to clarify Vlad Tepes' title as Wallachian Regent in a section called "The Name Game", but supports her argument with the addition of a chronological list of both branches of the ruling Basarab-family princes.
	www.eskimo.com /~mwirkk/castle/vlad/vladhist.html (10395 words)

	The Historical Dracula (long but very interesting)
		M ost of you ("the members of this list", R.P.'92, -Ed.) are probably aware of the fact that when Bram Stoker penned his immortal classic, Dracula, he based his vampire villian on an actual historical figure.
		Some reports indicated that he was assasinated by disloyal Wallachian boyars just as he was about to sweep the Turks from the field.
		The list of tortues employed by this cruel prince reads like an inventory of Hell's tools: nails in heads, cutting off of limbs, blinding, strangulation, burning, cutting off of noses and ears, mutilation of sexual organs (especially in the case of women), scalping, skinning, exposure to the elements or to wild animals and boiling alive.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-chat/716653/posts (7447 words)

	sassy_sister_suzy_63's Xanga Site
		Some say that it means demon or devil, while other historians assert that Vlad the II belonged as a knight of the order of the dragon, hence the surname dracul- dragon, the insignia of the order was a dragon being knocked down by a cross.
		The knights were a group of Slavic rulers and warlords sworn to uphold the Christian faith against the Turks.
		In 1443 Vlad II regained the Wallachian throne with Turkish support, on the condition that he sign an new treaty with the sultan that included not only the customary annual tribute but the promise to yearly send contingents of Wallachian boys to join the sultan's Janissaries.
	www.xanga.com /sassy_sister_suzy_63 (7226 words)

	Free-TermPapers.com - Vlad Tepes
		Vlad Dracul was in Transylvania attempting to gather support for his planned effort to seize the Wallachian throne from the Danesti Prince, Alexandru I. The house where dracula was born is still standing in the citadel of Sighisoara.
		“The timing was propitious; Hunyadi's puppet on the Wallachian throne, Vladislov II, had instituted a pro-Turkish policy and Hunyadi needed a more reliable man in Wallachia.” (103) Consequently, Hunyadi accepted the allegiance of his old enemy's son and put him forward as the Hungarian candidate for the throne of Wallachia.
		A report (from Treptow’s 164) indicated that he was assassinated by disloyal Wallachian boyars just as he was about to sweep the Turks from the field.
	www.free-termpapers.com /tp/7/bqg305.shtml (6159 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The fertile soil of the Wallachian plain and Moldavian plateau between the mountains and the Danube/Prut river system led to an agrarian society trying to keep its warlike, and hungry, neighbors at bay.
		Vogoride forged the Assembly's election returns of July 19, 1857, by rigging the election lists, and when Turkey did not void the election, France, Russia, Prussia and Sardinia broke diplomatic relations with the Porte on August 4 (their ambassadors had been charged with supervising the election).
		In the Temesvar Zeitung and other newspapers the fol- lowing notice to postal officials has appeared: `Instructions have been sent from Bucharest to the prefect of Arad that great care must be exercised by the post office in placing the postmark on stamps bearing the head of King Carol.
	www.cse.psu.edu /~dheller/post/intro (17527 words)

	The second attempt
		Vlad II Dracul, murdered rivals from the Danesti upon reaching the throne.
		effort to seize the Wallachian throne from the Danesti Prince, Alexandru I. The house where dracula was born is still standing
		The list of tortures employed by this cruel
	www.angelfire.com /pe/salles/2.html (6195 words)

	Anita Hill
		There are chances to get Cuteni (paid troops of the ruler), and Voynuks (armored halbardiers), but we reasoned Gelek would need a city under his belt to merit these troop types.
		Wallachians also had hired crossbowmen and arquebusiers, but for those types, you need money - not a ready commodity for an infant rebellion.
		Wallachian forces were replete with peasant rabble, which makes them ideal for this rebel type army.
	www.piquet.org /BattleReports/19.htm (3859 words)

	rh
		In the 5th century the Byzantine rulers resettled Armenians in Macedonia – this was the beginning of the Armenian diaspora in the Balkans.
		In 1399 Armenians are listed among the non-Catholic inhabitants of Brasov, together with Greeks, Romanians and Bulgarians.
		On the Wallachian side, the church of St George was built between 1700 and 1715.
	www.personal.ceu.hu /students/02/Leon_Stacescu/rh.htm (9682 words)

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