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	Arabic words in English: live usage examples
		Alchemists were basically "proto-scientists" who attempted to explore and investigate the nature of chemical substances and processes before the basic scientific tools and practices were available.
		Throughout the history of the discipline, alchemists struggled very hard to understand the nature of these principles, and find some order and sense in the results of their chemical experiments — which were often undermined by impure or poorly characterized reagents, the lack of quantitative measurements, and confusing and inconsistent nomenclature.
		To those alchemists we owe the discovery of many important substances and chemical processes, which paved the way for the modern science of chemistry, and are still the mainstay of today's chemical and metallurgical industries.
	www.1001inventions.com /words/index.cfm?fuseaction=main.viewWord&vcWord=alchemy (6793 words)

	Alchemy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The common perception of alchemists is that they were pseudo-scientists, crackpots and charlatans, who attempted to turn lead into gold, believed that the universe was composed of the four elements of earth, air, fire, and water, and spent most of their time concocting miraculous remedies, poisons, and magic potions.
		The best known goals of the alchemists were the transmutation of common metals into gold or silver, and the creation of a "panacea", a remedy that supposedly would cure all diseases and prolong life indefinitely.
		Islamic alchemists such as al-Razi (Latin Rasis or Rhazes) and Jabir ibn Hayyan (Latin Geber) contributed key chemical discoveries of their own, such as the technique of distillation (the words alembic and alcohol are of Arabic origin), the muriatic(hydrochloric), sulfuric, and nitric acids, soda, potash, and more.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alchemy (7284 words)

	Alchemy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Throughout the history of the discipline, alchemists struggled to understand the nature of these principles, and find some order and sense in the results of their chemical experiments — which were often undermined by impure or poorly characterized reagents, the lack of quantitative measurements, and confusing and inconsistent nomenclature.
		The best known goals of the alchemists were the transmutation of common metals into gold or silver, and the creation of a " panacea", a remedy that supposedly would cure all diseases and prolong life indefinitely.
		Islamic alchemists such as al-Razi (Latin Rasis or Rhazes) and Jabir ibn Hayyan (Latin Geber) contributed key chemical discoveries of their own, such as the technique of distillation (the words ' alembic' and ' alcohol' are of Arabic origin), the muriatic(hydrochloric), sulfuric, and nitric acids, soda, potash, and more.
	www.paloweb.com /wikipedia.asp?l=en&pages=Alchemy (7057 words)

	Alchemy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The common perception of alchemists is that were pseudo-scientists who attempted to turn lead into gold believed all matter was composed of four elements of earth air fire and water dabbled around the edges of mysticism and magic.
		To understand the alchemists it is helpful consider how wonderfully magical the conversion of substance into another would seem in a with no formal understanding of physics or chemistry.
		The alchemists believed that the universe was tending towards a state of and gold due to its immunity to was considered to be the most perfect substances.
	www.freeglossary.com /Alchemist (4442 words)

	Alchemy
		Two intertwined goals sought by many alchemists were the philosopher's stone, a mythical substance which would enable the transmutation of common metals into gold; and the universal panacea, a remedy that would cure all diseases and prolong life indefinitely.
		The alchemists believed that the whole universe was tending towards a state of perfection; and gold, due to its immunity to decay, was considered to be the most perfect of substances.
		Islamic alchemists such as al-Razi (Latin Rasis or Rhazes) contributed key chemical discoveries of their own, such as the technique of distillation (the words alembic and alcohol are of Arabic origin), the muriatic, sulfuric, and nitric acids, soda and potash (alkali), and more.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/a/al/alchemy_1.html (4557 words)

	Alchemy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The common perception of alchemists is that they were pseudo-scientists who attempted to turn lead into gold, believed all matter was composed of the fourelements of earth, air, fire, and water, and dabbled around the edges of mysticism and magic.
		As the obscure —hermetic, of course — language of the alchemists is gradually being "deciphered", historians are becoming moreaware of the intellectual connections between that discipline and other facets of Western cultural history, such as the Rosicrucian society and other mystic societies, witchcraft, and of course the evolution of science and philosophy.
		Islamic alchemists such as al-Razi (Latin Rasis or Rhazes) contributed key chemical discoveries of their own,such as the technique of distillation (the words alembic and alcohol are of Arabic origin), the muriatic, sulfuric, and nitric acids, soda and potash (alkali), and more.
	www.therfcc.org /alchemy-47.html (4259 words)

	Alchemy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On the other hand, alchemists never had the intellectual tools nor the motivation to separate the physical (chemical) aspects of their craft from the metaphysical interpretations.
		Finally, the alchemists practiced their art: they actively experimented with chemicals and made observations and theories about how the universe operated.
		Through the high middle ages (1300-1500) alchemists were much like Flamel: they concentrated on looking for the philosophers' stone and the elixir of youth, now believed to be separate things.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alchemy (7284 words)

	List of alchemists - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		An alchemist was a person versed in the art of alchemy, an ancient branch of natural philosophy that eventually evolved into chemistry and pharmacology.
		We know the names and doings of a large number of alchemists, thanks to the numerous alchemical manuscript and books that survived; some of those names are listed below.
		It must be kept in mind however that the vast majority of old alchemists, being self-taught and more bent on experimenting than writing, have left no trace in history.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/list_of_alchemists (172 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - ALCHEMY:
		A large number of alchemists are mentioned here of whom no mention is made elsewhere, and the identification either of the authors or of the works of which abstracts are given in the Hebrew compilation is extremely difficult.
		This "Sastiton" is probably "Ostanes," the great alchemist, whose name is often written in medieval Latin texts "Astanes." The last two letters were afterward misread in the Hebrew into one by the copyist or by the writer of the older original.
		This Latin text—which is, according to Berthelot, the source of the alchemistic sections in Vincentius of Beauvais's work "Speculum Naturale"—is of special interest, as in it is found an interpolated list of alchemists, among whom are "Isaac the Jew," and a certain "Jacob, a philosopher," who played important rôles.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=1094&letter=A&search=alchemy (3484 words)

	Alchemy - Free Encyclopedia of Thelema
		The common perception of alchemists is that they were pseudo-scientists who attempted to turn lead into gold, believed all matter was composed of the four elements of earth, air, fire, and water, and dabbled around the edges of mysticism and magic.
		To understand the alchemists, it is helpful to consider how wonderfully magical the conversion of one substance into another, which had formed the basis of metallurgy since its inception at the end of the Neolithic, would seem in a culture with no formal understanding of physics or chemistry.
		The alchemists believed that the whole universe was tending towards a state of perfection; and gold, due to its immunity to decay, was considered to be the most perfect of substances.
	www.egnu.org /thelema/Alchemy (5242 words)

	Alchemy Encyclopedia @ QuiltPlace.com (Quilt Place) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alchemical systems often postulated that each of the seven planets known to the ancients "ruled" or was associated with a certain metal.
		He even went as far as claiming that universals could be discovered only through logical reasoning, and, since reason could not run in opposition to God, reason must be compatible with theology.
		Some say the third goal of alchemy has been fulfilled by IVF and the cloning of a human embryo, although these technologies fall far short of creating a human life from scratch.
	www.quiltplace.com /encyclopedia/Alchemy (5252 words)

	Alchemists - Crystalinks
		An alchemist was a person versed in the art of alchemy, an ancient branch of natural philosophy that eventually evolved into chemistry and pharmacology.
		We know the names and doings of a large number of alchemists, thanks to the numerous alchemical manuscript and books that survived; some of those names are listed below.
		It must be kept in mind however that the vast majority of old alchemists, being self-taught and more bent on experimenting than writing, have left no trace in history.
	www.crystalinks.com /alchemists.html (132 words)

	Alchemy Encyclopedia @ GreatArtworks.com (Great Artworks) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the course of the early modern period, as mainstream alchemy evolved into modern chemistry, its mystic and Hermetic aspects became the focus of a modern spiritual alchemy, where material manipulations are viewed as mere symbols of spiritual transformations.
		Its principles restored the health of those who were ill beyond hope and gave back youth to fading old age." One thing is sure though, indian alchemy like every other indian science is focused on finding Moksha: perfection, immortality, liberation.
		By the end of the Roman empire the Greek alchemical philosophy had been joined to the philosophies of the Egyptians to create the cult of Hermeticism.
	www.greatartworks.com /encyclopedia/Alchemy (5423 words)

	List of alchemists: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		An alchemist was a person versed in the art of alchemy[For more info, click on this link], EHandler: no quick summary.
		Pseudo-geber ("false geber") is the name assigned by modern scholars to an anonymous alchemist born in the 14th century, probably in spain....
		Elias ashmole (1617-1692) was an english antiquary, alchemist and herald....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/li/list_of_alchemists.htm (1625 words)

	Transforming the Alchemists - New York Times
		Even though they were secretive and self-deluded and their practices closer to magic than modern scientific methods, historians say, alchemists contributed to the emergence of modern chemistry as a science and an agent of commerce.
		One notable alchemist of the 16th century, a Swiss named Paracelsus, was not mad, but cantankerous and iconoclastic.
		On display in a gallery at the conference hall were several 17th-century paintings by Flemish and Dutch artists, who depicted alchemists toiling in the disorder of dark workshops and the poverty of futile quests.
	www.nytimes.com /2006/08/01/science/01alch.html?ex=1312084800&en=4445e5f8f9c7b3c0&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss (855 words)

	Alchemy, Alchemical Fire and the Hermetic Art
		The alchemist became a recognizable figure on the European scene, and kings and nobles often supported alchemists in the hope of increasing their resources.
		Alchemists were the first to isolate a number of chemicals, from phosphorus to hydrochloric acid, and they also developed new equipment and methods for distilling fluids, assaying metals, and controlling chemical reactions.
		And since true alchemists had selected as one of their goals the betterment of the human condition, it was a logical next step for them to apply their chemical skills to the field of medicine.
	www.occultopedia.com /a/alchemy.htm (5045 words)

	The new alchemists
		But while the Americans, for all the drawbacks of their system, have a financial system that is able to develop new kinds of money, the English are left with the worst of both worlds.
		Five centuries ago, the old alchemists like the mysterious Paracelsus - wandering round Europe in a coloured coat which he never washed - were the inspiration behind a protestant revolution against the old order of authority and control.
		They toppled the old certainties of medicine and politics with their dreams of a 'chemical revolution' which would restore the wasteland, attacking monopolies and putting power and medical knowledge in the hands of ordinary people.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/dcboyle/alchemists.html (2013 words)

	Encyclopedia of chemistry. Alphabetical index - L. Lexicon for chemistry, analytics & pharmaceutics
		List of astronomical interferometers at visible and infrared wavelengths
		List of countries by prevalence of opiates abuse
		List of pharmaceutical manufacturers in the United Kingdom
	www.chemie.de /lexikon/e/Articlelist/L (103 words)

	Alchemy Article, Alchemy Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Alchemy is an early protoscientific practice combiningelements of chemistry, physics, art, semiotics, metallurgy, medicine, astrology, mysticism, and religion.
		Two intertwined goals sought by many alchemists were the philosopher's stone, a mythical substance which would enable the transmutation of common metals into gold ; and the universal panacea, a remedy that would cure all diseases and prolong lifeindefinitely.
		Alchemy can be regarded as the precursor of the modern science of chemistry prior to the formulation of the scientificmethod.
	www.anoca.org /alchemists/he/alchemy.html (4317 words)

	Official ICE Forums - Enchanting a Saren
		Embedding a spell on an item is another question and may be done via various spell lists: alchemist spells, Bladerunes, base lists for semi-users and the like.
		Thus the use of the spells from the alchemist lists.
		A saren is a good weapon but pales in comparison to what a 25th level alchemist would be able to accomplish with a single spell embedded.
	www.ironcrown.com /forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=4333 (461 words)

	Alchemist - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An alchemist is a person who practices alchemy.
		Fullmetal Alchemist, the English title of a series of manga and anime created by Hiromu Arakawa
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alchemist (140 words)

	UO Stratics Alchemy Guide: The Alchemist
		Alchemist FAQ: This is a collection of the most common questions that people ask concerning alchemy and making potions.
		Training Guides: These articles give instructions that you can use to help develope your alchemist to his or her greatest potential.
		Professional List: A shard by shard listing of other alchemists with whom you can make contact for purposes noble or otherwise.
	uo.stratics.com /alchemy/alchemist/index.shtml (171 words)

	What is the Apothecary?
		The Apothecary is an organization of alchemists dedicated to rediscovering alchemical knowledge lost over the past few centuries.
		Whether your alchemists is going to sit in the courtyard, making and selling potions, or whether they intend to adventure deep into the dungeons in support of friends and colleagues, the Apothecary can help.
		It is said that some alchemists and witches know cures for such things, although that may, or may not, be true.
	users.ox.ac.uk /~ctsu0009/apothecary/faq.htm (825 words)

	Alchemy - InformationBlast
		Alchemy refers to an early protoscientific practice combining elements of chemistry, physics, art, semiotics, metallurgy, medicine, astrology, mysticism, and religion.
		These men came to be viewed as magicians and sorcerers by the common people, and were often persecuted for their practices.
		This alchemist believed himself to be a wizard and actually thought himself capable of summoning spirits.
	www.informationblast.com /Base_metal.html (4440 words)

	alchemy information site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Thus, the naïve interpretations of some alchemists, or the fraudulent hopes fostered by others should not diminish the undertakings of the more sincere practitioners.
		Other eminent alchemists of the Western world are Roger Bacon, Saint Thomas Aquinas, Tycho Brahe, and Thomas Browne.
		Be as it may, it is sobering to observe how a discipline that held so much intellectual and material prestige, for more than two thousand years, could disappear so easily from the universe of Western thought.
	www.mistyped.info /alchemy.htm (5025 words)

	Morrowind:Alchemist - UESPWiki
		Any smart alchemist knows that trade is the way to success and alchemists will gladly trade potions and ingredients of varying quality with you.
		Even most of the smallest settlements on Vvardenfell have a "local alchemist", whereas the biggest cities have organized apothecary shops.
		Here is a list of all alchemists and apothecaries in the game, sorted by the amount of gold they can trade with.
	www.uesp.net /wiki/Morrowind:Alchemist (117 words)

	Borderlands of Science by Charles Sheffield - Chapter 5 - Baen Books
		Those grandparents of modern chemistry, the alchemists of five hundred years ago, had a number of things on their wish list.
		Aqua regia, known to the alchemists, is a mixture of one part concentrated nitric acid with three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid.
		The third item on the alchemist's list of desirable discoveries was the elixir of life.
	www.baen.com /chapters/borders_5.htm (6846 words)

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