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Topic: List of checksum algorithms

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Cyclic redundancy check

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: List of checksum algorithms
		Algorithms can be implemented by computer programs, although often in restricted forms; an error in the design of an algorithm for solving a problem can lead to failures in the implementing program.
		Algorithms are essential to the way computers process information, because a computer program is essentially an algorithm that tells the computer what specific steps to perform (in what specific order) in order to carry out a specified task, such as calculating employees’ paychecks or printing students’ report cards.
		Algorithms are not only implemented as computer programs, but often also by other means, such as in a biological neural network (for example, the human brain implementing arithmetic or an insect relocating food), or in electric circuits or in a mechanical device.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/List-of-checksum-algorithms (250 words)

	Incident Response Tools For Unix, Part Two: File-System Tools
		Checksum algorithms (CRC*, BSD, and SYSV sum) can't be trusted to provide the level of assurance that hash functions are accorded.
		In fact, checksum algorithms shouldn't be trusted for forensics purposes at all.
		Checksum algorithms are designed to detect errors in data being transmitted or stored, but are not designed to protect data from being altered by a persistent and/or malicious attacker.
	www.securityfocus.com /infocus/1738 (5699 words)

	More on Algorithms
		Algorithms can be implemented by computer programs, although often in restricted forms; an error in the design of an algorithm for solving a problem can lead to failures in the implementing program.
		Algorithms are essential to the way computers process information, because a computer program is essentially an algorithm that tells the computer what specific steps to perform (in what specific order) in order to carry out a specified task, such as calculating employees’ paychecks or printing students’ report cards.
		Algorithms are not only implemented as computer programs, but often also by other means, such as in a biological neural network (for example, the human brain implementing arithmetic or an insect relocating food), or in electric circuits or in a mechanical device.
	www.artilifes.com /algorithms.htm (2232 words)

	Checksum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term "checksum" is sometimes used in a more general sense to refer to any kind of redundancy check.
		Checksums on decimal numbers are discussed under check digit.
		A checksum is a form of redundancy check, a very simple measure for protecting the integrity of data by detecting errors in data that is sent through space (telecommunications) or time (storage).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Checksum (427 words)

	List of all algorithms, classified by purpose
		Convert the list into a heap, keep removing the largest element from the heap and adding it to the end of the list.
		It is a general-purpose algorithm that is simpler than the number field sieve and the fastest for integers under 100 decimal digits.
		Algorithm to allocate memory such that fragmentation is less.
	www.scriptol.org /list-of-algorithms.html (2687 words)

	[No title]
		Checksums for NFSv4 might be implemented for the entire NFS payload or a part of the payload.
		Checksum Algorithm Negotiation In order for the client and server to checksum the data, they need to arrive at a common checksum algorithm that both sides will use to compute the checksum values.
		If the checksum value matches but the checksum algorithm, different than the one specified in cksum_alg, is more suitable, it may be indicated by setting the cksum_alg_pref.
	www.faqs.org /ftp/internet-drafts/draft-aggarwal-nfsv4-cksum-01.txt (2315 words)

	What is Checksum Utility?
		Another class of checksum tools - checksum verifiers usually work with checksum files - file of special format, which contain the list of checksum values for several, sometimes for a lot of files.
		Although this class is named "checksum verifier", frequently this programs also can create this checksum files.
		The Advanced CheckSum Verifier is an small, GUI-driven Windows checksum utility intended for creation and verification the checksum files both in SFV and MD5SUM formats.
	www.irnis.net /gloss/checksum-utility.shtml (263 words)

	CRC primer by Ross Williams
		In the reflected algorithm described in the previous section, the poly used in the reflected algorithm was actually identical to that used in the non-reflected algorithm; all that had happened is that the bytes had effectively been reflected.
		The upshot of all this is that a reflected algorithm is not equivalent to the original algorithm with the poly reflected.
		/ ulong cm_poly; / Parameter: The algorithm's polynomial.
	www.piclist.com /techref/method/math/crcguide.html (10499 words)

	JDC Tech Tips: April 11, 2000
		The checksum is a signature for the bytes, that is, a combining of the bytes using some algorithm.
		If the checksum at the receiving end is different than the one computed at the transmitting end, then the data has been corrupted in some way.
		Checksums closely resemble hash codes, in that an algorithm is applied in each case to compute a number from a sequence of bytes.
	java.sun.com /developer/TechTips/2000/tt0411.html (1228 words)

	[No title]
		The CRC algorithms to be described satisfy the second condition very well, and can be configured to operate with a variety of checksum widths.
		The basic idea of CRC algorithms is simply to treat the message as an enormous binary number, to divide it by another fixed binary number, and to make the remainder from this division the checksum.
		Suppose that we use a checksum register one-byte wide and use a constant divisor of 1001, then the checksum is the remainder after 0000-0110-0001-0111 is divided by 1001.
	www.cs.waikato.ac.nz /~312/crc.txt (4959 words)

	GPG Esoteric Options - Using the GNU Privacy Guard
		Be aware that if you choose an algorithm that GnuPG supports but other OpenPGP implementations do not, then some users will not be able to use the key signatures you make, or quite possibly your entire key.
		Changes the output of the list commands to work faster; this is achieved by leaving some parts empty.
		This preference list is used for new keys and becomes the default for "setpref" in the edit menu.
	www.gnupg.org /documentation/manuals/gnupg/GPG-Esoteric-Options.html (2172 words)

	checksum theory? - Dev Shed
		This is generally not very reliable though, because swapping two characters will yield the same checksum, and so will say, changing a 'b' to a 'c' and a 'x' to a 'w' in the same file.
		The MD5 hashing algorithm is very reliable, and you can find implementations of it all over the place; but it's probably a bit of overkill.
		Checksums are useful for detecting data corruption because the chance of both the data being corrupted AND the checksum being accidently corrupted to the "correct" value are very slim indeed.
	forums.devshed.com /c-programming-42/checksum-theory-101440.html (660 words)

	The rsync algorithm
		Thus the checksum can be calculated for blocks of length S at all possible offsets within a file in a ``rolling'' fashion, with very little computation at each point.
		Despite its simplicity, this checksum was found to be quite adequate as a first level check for a match of two file blocks.
		The list of checksum values (i.e., the checksums from the blocks of B) is sorted according to the 16-bit hash of the 32-bit rolling checksum.
	klubkev.org /rsync (1964 words)

	Cn-Cz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The algorithm inductively learns a set of propositional if-then rules from a set of training examples by performing a general-to-specific beam search through rule-space for the best rule, removing training examples covered by that rule, and then repeating the process until no more good rules can be found.
		There are classes for construct various sorts of queues, creating linked lists and a stack, scheduling events, creating 1-, 2-, and 3-D arrays, creating hash tables, character strings, graphics, fuzzy variables and rules, and many more general and specific tasks.
		In the next step an initial network is constructed using an iterative algorithm that attempts to identify the smallest or least costly set of selection units that meet the objectives.
	stommel.tamu.edu /~baum/linuxlist/linuxlist/node12.html (11570 words)

	PM Checksum
		PM Checksum will do more than merely check the files on your hard disk automatically.
		The checksum values of single files can be displayed at any time.
		PM Checksum is generally available immediately in German and English language.
	www.bmtmicro.com /BMTCatalog/os2/pmchecksum.html (192 words)

	Checksum - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		It works by adding up the basic components of a message, typically the bytes, and storing the resulting value.
		The simplest form of checksum, which simply adds up the bytes in the data, cannot detect a number of types of errors.
		To provide this level of integrity, the use of cryptographic hash function algorithms such as SHA-1 or MD5 is necessary.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=7538 (407 words)

	MD5 checksum software for Windows
		FastSum is build upon the most proven MD5 checksum algorithm which is used worldwide for checking integrity of the files at least for the last 10 years.
		When you select files FastSum computes their checksums according to the MD5 checksum algorithm, which can be easily compared with previously computed checksums as well as stored for future integrity checking.
		For example, the checksum list burned on a CD allow you to detect problems on their early stage of occurrence.
	www.fastsum.com (1014 words)

	Features
		There are currently several domain-based lists: one which lists bulk mail senders and unsolicited advertisers; pornographic e-mailers and websites; reverse DNS hostnames of dynamic Internet connections; websites and IP's hosting fraudulant or phishing content; legitimate e-mail marketers and opt-in advertisers; and domains used by webmail providers.
		When an IP address is added to this list, effort is made to contact the owner of the server and alert them that they have an open relay that is being abused, allowing them to correct the problem.
		The DSBL lists contain the IP addresses of servers which have relayed special test messages to listme@listme.dsbl.org; this can happen if the server is an open relay, an open proxy or has another vulnerability that allows anybody to deliver email to anywhere, through that server.
	www.emailreach.com /demo.aspx (2229 words)

	[No title]
		It is able to generate ".md5" and ".sha" list files acceptable by GNU respectively md5sum and sha1sum utilities.
		You can "enter" into listing as it were archive, test it and use Lister to see original/computed MD5/SHA1 checksums BUT it is only possible if ".md5" or ".sha" file is stored in root path of all files listed inside it.
		Certify that ".md5" list is in it's right place (filenames listed in it should be relative to current directory).
	sysd.org /proj/wcx_checksum.txt (738 words)

	Cryptographic Algorithms: Block and Stream Ciphers, Hash Algorithms. Kremlin Encrypt Security Software: Encrypt and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		GOST is a cryptographic algorithm from Russia that appears to be the Russian analog to DES both politically and technologically.
		The original published algorithm, known as SHA, was modified by NSA to protect against an unspecified attack; the updated algorithm is named SHA1.
		Tiger is a new hash algorithm by Ross Anderson and Eli Biham.
	kremlinencrypt.com /algorithms.htm (3164 words)

	TAUniverse - Calling all checksum algorithms! Trying to get resizable unit menus working in multi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Actually no checksum algorithm can detect all changes to the file, after all there's only 2^32 possible values for a 32 bit checksum, whereas there are 2^8192 possible 1KB files.
		Depending on the checksum algorithm used this can be either comparitivey easy or very difficult, it really depends on whether the checksum was designed primarily to catch accidental differences(i.e.
		That checksum algorithm is there to prevent cheating and it does stop those who lack the know how to circumvent it - a rather large number of people.
	www.tauniverse.com /forum/showthread.php?t=848 (3643 words)

	[No title]
		It's a weak checksum in that it's not resilient to certain single bit errors as well as data re- arrangement and thus cannot be relied upon it's error detection capabilities.
		However, this checksum is not end-to- end and is computed at every hop thus rendering the protection rather weak.
		The checksum algorithm will need to be renegotiated incase of failover events, migration events and while crossing server boundaries.
	www.faqs.org /ftp/internet-drafts/draft-aggarwal-nfsv4-cksum-00.txt (2144 words)

	In-Iz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This uses algorithms for constructing sparse resultant formulas that yield nontrivial multiples of the resultant, with the matrices thus obtained allowing the reduction of the root-finding problem to the eigendecomposition of a square matrix.
		It was designed to address the general application of algorithm development, application development, and instruction to remote sensing.
		It was also designed to follow the UNIX paradigm of developing several small programs that can be used as filters and combined via pipes to perform complex tasks, and as such it can also be used in combination with existing UNIX programs.
	stommel.tamu.edu /~baum/linuxlist/linuxlist/node24.html (11345 words)

	Unix Host and Network Security Tools
		The dubious requests are, at present, requests to change the host access list, requests to enable or disable access control, and Change Window Attributes requests operating on non-root windows not created by the same client.
		Displays a list of all TCP connections and the corresponding user name along with the process identifier associated with each connection.
		Included are functions implementing the algorithm, functions implementing related capabilities including a DES implementation for recipients in the USA, and a program, rpem, that implements a simple Privacy Enhanced Mail system.
	csrc.nist.gov /tools/tools.htm (6877 words)

	Free Java-Software - Jacksum, a java checksum utility
		The algorithm eMule/eDonkey (MD4 based, but improved) would have enough bits, but even for the widely used MD5 and HAVAL_3_128 real collisions have been detected already (http://eprint.iacr.org/2004/199/) in August 2004 (with a non-brute force method).
		If an algorithm is provided by your JRE, Jacksum is just calling the API and use the algorithm which is offered by the JRE.
		Notice, that most of those "not yet supported algorithms" are not really strong, have usage restrictions due to patents and for most of them collisions have been detected or they are already broken.
	www.jonelo.de /java/jacksum (6887 words)

	Availability and description of the File Checksum Integrity Verifier utility
		The File Checksum Integrity Verifier (FCIV) is a command-prompt utility that computes and verifies cryptographic hash values of files.
		To list the hashes that are stored in a database, type a command line that is similar to the following command line:
		Here is the value that appears in the XML file that uses FCIV to list the contents.
	support.microsoft.com /default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;841290 (1200 words)

	List of hash functions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of hash functions including cyclic redundancy checks, checksum functions, and cryptographic hash functions.
		CRC algorithms also readily scale in speed with additional memory.
		CRC32 with 4kb of tables runs in approximately 44% of the time that CRC32 does with 1kb of tables.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_checksum_algorithms (162 words)

	Frieling Racing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Checksum algorithms are used in modern ecu's as a protection against ecu's software manipulation or software errors.
		These algorithms must be used to correct the checksum results after tuning the ecu's software.
		Click the link to view our checksum algorithms list.
	www.frieling-racing.com /products.htm (318 words)

	A Plan for Spam
		When new mail arrives, it is scanned into tokens, and the most interesting fifteen tokens, where interesting is measured by how far their spam probability is from a neutral.5, are used to calculate the probability that the mail is spam.
		There are examples of this algorithm being applied to actual emails in an appendix at the end.
		Spammers range from businesses running so-called opt-in lists who don't even try to conceal their identities, to guys who hijack mail servers to send out spams promoting porn sites.
	www.paulgraham.com /spam.html (5051 words)

	Fast crc32 section at Free Download Manager
		List of duplicate files can be sorted, printed, exported and acted upon.
		Adding an little checksum file to your data files will allow in further easily to verify their integrity at any time.
		Uses checksum files fully compatible with popular md5sum utility for MD5 and SFV for CRC32.
	www.freedownloadmanager.org /downloads/fast_crc32_info (592 words)

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