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| | Flanders, Brittany, Burgundy, Anjou, Normandy, Blois, Champagne, Toulouse, etc. |
 | | By the 13th century, the largest cities in Francia north of the Alps were, with Paris and London, Ghent (Gent or Gand) and Bruges (Brugge, preserving much of its Mediaeval look even today), which led northern Europe in the development of trade and manufacture. |
 | | The list of the counts is from Bruce R. Gordon's Regnal Chronologies and the WW-Person, A WWW Data base of European nobility. |
 | | When the city finally fell in 1109, his (perhaps illegitimate) son Bertrand took over, and his descendants ruled as the Counts of Tripoli until 1187, the year, as it happens, that Jerusalem was retaken by Saladin. |
| www.friesian.com /flanders.htm (10467 words) |
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