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Topic: List of extinct languages

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List of languages

List of revived languages

List of endangered languages

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Cappadocian Greek language

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	Linguistics 001 -- Languages of the World
		As of the 1999 revision, Ethnologue assigns three-letter "language codes" to 6783 "languages", for 6059 of which an estimate of number of speakers is given.
		Roughly half of the world's languages are moribund, in the sense that new generations of children are not being raised to speak them.
		For languages that can't be saved, it is still possible to document them for scientific purposes and for the sake of future generations who might want to study or even revive them.
	www.ling.upenn.edu /courses/Fall_2001/ling001/world_languages.html (2250 words)

	NL21_4: Vanishing Languages
		When an endangered language (such as Gaelic) is spoken in a culture whose historical significance is widely appreciated--perhaps because it is associated with prowess in arts and crafts, or because it is known for its literary achievements--it may provoke widespread concern.
		And sometimes endangered languages that have suffered as a result of colonial expansion win support from speakers of the dominant language, who wish to distance themselves from the aggression of their ancestors.
		Language nationalists see their language as a treasure house, as a repository of memories, as a gift to their children, as a birthright.
	www.farsarotul.org /nl21_4.htm (3764 words)

	Classified List of BC Native Languages
		The Athabaskan language family as a whole is fairly closely related to Eyak, a language once spoken in the Cook inlet area of southern Alaska.
		The Apachean languages are spoken in the American Southwest, while the Pacific Coast languages are spoken in various places along the Pacific coast from the far north of California to southern Washington.
		The Tsimshianic languages are spoken on the northwest coast and in adjacent areas of the interior.
	www.ydli.org /bcother/bclist.htm (1153 words)

	Linguist List - List of Ancient and Extinct Languages
		The language of diplomacy and culture from the 3rd Millennium BC to the early 1st Millennium.
		The monuments are mostly in a language of the Cholan subgroup, an archaic version of either Chol or Chortí; they may also be in one of the Tzeltalan languages, which are closely related to Cholan.
		A possible extinct language or dialect spoken in the eastern Korean peninsula north of Silla (which kingdom was for centuries limited to the SE corner of the peninsula), it was absorbed by Koguryo some time before the demise of the Koguryo kingdom.
	linguistlist.org /forms/langs/GetListOfAncientLgs.html (4054 words)

	Journal of American Indian Education-Arizona State University
		Restoring language is a difficult task under the best of circumstances and requires the cooperation and dedication of not only the families and parents within the local community, but also the support of the Indian nation itself.
		Language immersion is one of the most effective and efficient ways to actively involve all language students in the learning process.
		Immersion differs from transitional second language teaching in that the former seeks to create fluent speakers (or as near to fluent speakers as is possible) while the latter tends to focus on assimilation into the dominant culture.
	jaie.asu.edu /v37/V37S3imm.htm (5568 words)

	Language and Scripts
		The list is intentionally abbreviated for languages written in the Latin script: only a few of the more prominent languages are listed.
		For less common languages it is often difficult to determine the precise list of characters used to write them.
		The "Notes" field lists some countries in which the language is used, especially for lesser-known languages, but is not intended to be exhaustive.
	www.unicode.org /onlinedat/languages-scripts.html (256 words)

	otherlanguage.org's list of resources for endangered languages, linguistic diversity and AI speech links
		There are people who love languages and are happy to learn them on behalf of the rest of us, but they need support, just like zoologists, botanists, or historians.
		But every other language is also an atmosphere for an entire cultural world, and each of these worlds has people whose home it is. Each language encapsulates a unique way of talking and thinking about life.
		Speakers of minority languages are often seen as a threat by both the governments and the other residents of the countries where they were born, grew up, and try to live ordinary lives.
	www.otherlanguages.org /japanese0.html (811 words)

	iLoveLanguages - Your Guide to Languages on the Web
		Writing samples (about 1 paragraph per language, with translation into English) for 2000 different world languages and dialects, as well as statistics on where each is spoken (and how many speak it).
		Lists of words (no translations) for more than 20 languages and a variety of other linguistics-related wordlists and databases.
		Project is collecting language descriptions, audio files, word lists, and other information about each language in the archive through the help of volunteers.
	www.ilovelanguages.com /index.php?category=Languages\|Linguistics (1369 words)

	Tungusic Research Group: About the Languages: Section 1
		There is no standard list of Tungusic languages; one finds great variability in the number of languages and the names given to them in various classifications.
		The inclusion of four of these languages is controversial since many scholars believe they are too similar to other Tungusic varieties to be given an independent listing.
		Nevertheless, her use of "dialect" was probably meant in the same way that we will use the term "language", as suggestive of the point where mutual intelligibility breaks down between Tungusic varieties.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~trg/languages/section1.html (421 words)

	yourDictionary.com • Endangered Language Initiative• Nearly Extinct Languages
		This is a list of more than 750 languages found designated by Ethnologue as already extinct or nearly extinct today.
		Of course, there are many more languages besides these in danger of extinction by the end of the century, many as yet undiscovered by Europeans.
		This list will give you an idea of where the majority of threatened languages are spoken, if not their exact number.
	www.yourdictionary.com /elr/nextinct.html (94 words)

	Endangered Languages quiz -- free game
		The language is regarded as socially inferior and/or has no monolingual speakers.
		It is estimated that about 50 of the world's languages are spoken by only one person.
		According to ethnologue.com's list of nearly extinct languages, these four countries have the greatest number of moribund languages in the Americas.
	www.funtrivia.com /playquiz.cfm?qid=216748 (327 words)

	Jewish-Languages Mailing List: July 2002
		The purpose of this announcement is to indicate the rationale of the putative programme and enable potential applicants to begin considering the details of their possible proposals.
		Furthermore, since only about one-third of the world's languages have literate traditions, the vast majority of languages which die will leave no substantial record of themselves, or the cultural traditions that they have sustained.
		Such documentation should, therefore, have regard not only to the formal content and structure of languages, but also to the varied social and cultural contexts within which languages are used.
	www.jewish-languages.org /ml/200207.html (672 words)

	NativeWeb Resources: Languages & Linguistics
		The Less Commonly Taught Languages (LCTL) Project is one of a number of projects which operates under the auspices of the Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition (CARLA) at the University of Minnesota.
		The Indigenous Language Institute collaborates with indigenous communities to revitalize and perpetuate the languages and culture of the original inhabitants of the Americas.
		The mission of the Berkeley Language Center (BLC) is to improve and strengthen foreign language instruction on the Berkeley campus by keeping teachers informed of new developments in the fields of language pedagogy, second language acquisition, and applied linguistics.
	www.nativeweb.org /resources/languages_linguistics (991 words)

	E T H N O P O E T I C S :: Endangered Languages. Endangered Poetries
		The disappearance of languages and the disappearance of poetries are part of the same phenomenon the darker side, in their endangerment, of the struggle to achieve a global sense of cultural diversity.
		The following account and the partial list of the world's languages that follows might be pondered in relation to Bernard Heidsieck's great sound poem, Vaduz [presented elsewhere on Ubuweb], in which the names of countries and cultures form a series of concentric circles with the capital of Lichtenstein at their center.
		Of the world's roughly 6,500 languages (of which, fewer than 500 are listed here)), half will be extinct within the century, as the last speakers die.
	www.ubu.com /ethno/discourses/rothenberg_endangered.html (666 words)

	Linguistics 001 -- Fall 1998 -- Languages of the World
		Many of the 6,700 "living" languages cited in Ethnologue are endangered or nearly extinct.
		Thus the rate of extinction for languages is much greater than the rate of extinction for biological species.
		Since the seventh century, Arabic has become the dominant language in each place (though about 14% of Algerians still have Berber as their first language).
	www.ling.upenn.edu /courses/Fall_1998/ling001/world_languages.html (1886 words)

	Jewish-Languages Mailing List: November 2001
		The language of the conference is Hebrew, and due to budgetary limitations there will be no interpreting service available, but lectures in English are welcome.
		The conference is organized around main topics such as: language and identity; language, culture and society; multilingualism and multiculturalism; Jewish and non-Jewish languages; language and globalization; language and education; language and immigration; language and stratification; language and ideology; language and communication; language and gender; language and the life-cycle; language policy.
		My research deals with the language policy of ethnic minorities as influenced by social, political, religious and economic constraints and I am specializing in the language policies of four Haredi groups in Israel.
	www.jewish-languages.org /ml/200111.html (1521 words)

	The Hail Mary in Various Languages
		Cornish is a language of the Celtic family of Indo-European languages spoken initially in Cornwall and the southwest of England.
		As such, it has been the language of the ruling group in Ethiopia since the late thirteenth century though its widespread use as a written Ianguage was encouraged by the Ethiopian emperor Tewodros (Theodore) II during the second half of the nineteenth century.
		There is an Academy of the Galician Language, and it has had many decades of development as an ecclesiastical language, a language of serious literature, including poetry, essays on novel, ideological, philosophical, and sociological topics, and for all levels of education, including higher education.
	campus.udayton.edu /mary/resources/flhm01.html (5103 words)

	2006 IUCN Red List – Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)
		Thus, a listing in a higher extinction risk category implies a higher expectation of extinction, and over the time-frames specified more taxa listed in a higher category are expected to go extinct than those in a lower one (without effective conservation action).
		For Extinct or Extinct in the Wild taxa, extra documentation is required indicating the effective date of extinction, possible causes of the extinction and the details of surveys which have been conducted to search for the taxon.
		For taxa listed as Near Threatened, the rationale for listing should include a discussion of the criteria that are nearly met or the reasons for highlighting the taxon (e.g., they are dependent on ongoing conservation measures).
	www.iucnredlist.org /info/categories_criteria2001 (8049 words)

	Will.Whim » Blog Archive » NSF funds for endangered language ‘documentation’
		The NSF just announced the Documenting Endangered Languages project — $4.4 million dollars to document about 70 languages before they go extinct, and, perhaps, to prevent their extinction.
		The Ethnologue, probably the single best reference on the demographics of the world’s languages, lists 516 nearly extinct languages., including 170 in the Americas–about 7% of the 6912 ‘living languages’ the Ethnologue describes.
		We hear year after year that one has to be an academic and so forth to get funding, what a shame, if one knows the language they know it and there should be more funding to help record these languages and the histories the people tell.
	www.entish.org /wordpress/?p=96 (200 words)

	LINGUIST List 12.960: List of Extinct Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		As a result, we've put together a list of languages, all of which are extinct, and do not appear in Ethnologue, along with a brief set of describing information.
		Following this, in parenthesis, is a list of alternate names which have been used for the language.
		In angle brackets follows the following information, in this order: Family to which the language belongs, followed by each node between it and the parent language; place where the language was spoken; time when the language was spoken.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/12/12-960.html (503 words)

	Languages :: Likasoft
		This is biggest number of recognized languages for a language identification software to date.
		Among the more than 400 supported languages only about 110 languages can be called popular.
		In the given list all variants of the name are listed wherever possible.
	www.polyglot3000.com /languages.shtml (150 words)

	Endangered languages in Europe: indexes
		Languages belonging to the groups (a) and (b) are listed indifferently in the indexes, while (c) diaspora dialects appear unnumbered and unmarked, except in the index by country if they constitute the sole representative of the language in the country.
		Southern Mansi, an extinct language formerly spoken also partly in Europe, continues to be listed in the Northeast Asian section.
		Please keep in mind that for languages other than Finno-Ugrian I have had to rely on second-hand sources, and in a number of cases even they were difficult to obtain.
	www.helsinki.fi /~tasalmin/europe_index.html (581 words)

	Language and Native Peoples
		The list of extinct languages around the world is extensive and growing.
		Often it is only the elders who are able to communicate with fluency in their native tongues and they often take thier knowledge of language with them to the grave.
		Last week, the Premier of British Columbia, Canada said "the many languages spoken by the first nations are a vital part of the province's past," and pledged $1 million to be put toward saving dying languages.
	www.suite101.com /blog.cfm/socialissues/15488 (110 words)

	Iranian Languages and Literatures (CAIS)
		Iranian (Aryan) languages are spoken in Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Arran (republic of Azerbaijan), Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, China, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Russia and other scattered areas of the Caucasus Mountains.
		Major modern Iranian languages are New Persian, Kordi (Kurdish) and Pashto (Persian-Pashto), an official language of Afghanistan; and Tajik (Persian-Tajik), spoken in Tajikistan.
		All Iranian languages currently spoken show a simplification of the earlier sound systems and a preference for the use of auxiliary verbs in place of the complex verb conjugations of the ancient Iranian languages.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/Languages/iranian_languages.htm (206 words)

	Endangered languages FAQ
		In most general terms, it means that parents are no longer teaching the language to their children and are not using it actively in everyday matters.
		The language may also lack compelling influences to maintain its integrity, such as an alphabet, a body of literature, and dynamic users who read and write it.
		Over the years SIL has worked in language groups with only a few hundred speakers, groups that looked as if their language was dying out.
	www.sil.org /sociolx/ndg-lg-faq.html (373 words)

	Uralic (Finno-Ugrian) languages
		The original version of the table, prepared at the Department of Finno-Ugrian Studies of the University of Helsinki, was sent to the Linguist List in September 1993.
		Other changes are that Karelian and Olonetsian on the one hand, and Komi and Permyak on the other are listed separately, and the idioms subsumed under Mari, Mansi, Khanty, Enets, Nenets, and Selkup are included in the list, as they are in fact separate languages rather than "major dialects".
		Also, the languages with a very low number of speakers have been assigned a definite figure (instead of "very few").
	www.helsinki.fi /~tasalmin/fu.html (393 words)

	Glenn Humphries tree of Extinct Asiatic languages
		"Parent" languages are to the left; "descendant" languages are indented to the right under the appropriate "parent" language.
		Other names for the languages will be noted parenthetically.Please be aware that some of the oldest language names denote the geographic region where that language was spoken rather that what the speakers of the language called their language.
		This is a simplified diagram of the relationship of various obsolete asiatic languages showing their development throughout history, where possible, from various older languages, all now extinct.
	glenn.humphries.com /extinctasiatic.htm (251 words)

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