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Topic: List of galaxies

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List of nearest galaxies

NGC 185

Centaurus A Galaxy

Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy

Local Group

Galaxy

Pinwheel Galaxy

Groups and clusters of galaxies

Black Eye Galaxy

M82

Abell 1835 IR1916

Andromeda Galaxy

Timeline of galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and large scale structure

M100

Large Magellanic Cloud

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	The 200 Brightest Galaxies
		This is a list of the 200 brightest galaxies according to the Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies.
		Column 8: The angular diameter of the galaxy in arcminutes.
		For galaxies in the Virgo supercluster a correction needs to be added to a galaxy's velocity because of the pull of the Virgo cluster which is dragging galaxies towards it.
	www.atlasoftheuniverse.com /galax200.html (993 words)

	Galaxy article - Galaxy galaxy (disambiguation) Spiral Galaxy 269-57 Stars dust dark - What-Means.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Galaxies are held together by gravitational attraction and the galactic components orbit a common centre.
		In spiral galaxies, the spiral arms have the shape of approximate logarithmic spirals, a pattern that can be theoretically shown to result from a disturbance in a uniformly rotating mass of stars.
		In the 1970s it was realized that the total visible mass of galaxies (from stars and gas) does not properly account for the speed of the rotating gas, thus leading to the postulation of dark matter.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Galaxies (1139 words)

	Galaxy
		Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, sometimes simply called the Galaxy (with uppercase), is a large barred spiral about 30 kiloparsecs or 100,000 light years in diameter, contains about 300 billion stars and has a total mass of about a trillion times the mass of the sun.
		Our galaxy is a member of the Local Group, and together with the Andromeda Galaxy dominates it; overall the Local Group contains about 30 galaxies in a space about ten megaparsecs across.
		Galaxy is also a type of chocolate candy bar made by the Mars company.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/g/ga/galaxy.html (1136 words)

	Galaxy Article, Galaxy Information (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Galaxies areheld together by gravitational attraction and the galactic components orbit a common centre.
		However, the nebulae were not universally accepted as distantseparate galaxies until the matter was settled by Edwin Hubble in the early 1920s using a new telescope.
		In the 1970s it was realized that the total visible mass of galaxies (from stars and gas) does notproperly account for the speed of the rotating gas, thus leading to the postulation of dark matter.
	www.anoca.org /galaxies/stars/galaxy.html (1030 words)

	[No title]
		This image atlas represents the first uniform, all sky, view of galaxies as seen in the near-infrared wavelength window that is most sensitive to the dominant mass component of galaxies.
		Galaxies that are smaller than the overlap, D~50 arcsec, are guaranteed to be fully sampled in at least one survey scan.
		The mid-infrared (MIR) spectrum (5 to 30 microns) is dominated by photospheric emission from late-type stars (for elliptical galaxies; denoted in orange in the spectrum) and broad ISM emission bands (from dusty spirals; denoted in blue in the spectrum).
	www.ipac.caltech.edu /2mass/gallery/largegal (862 words)

	LiveOnTheNet.com
		Ideally, users will be able to define galaxies independently in the future, but in the short term the default list of galaxies should serve the vast majority of potential conversations.
		In new releases, users will be able to select up to 20 galaxies to appear in their softphone's toolbar, meaning that buttons defining the galaxies in which the user wishes to search are visible on the softphone.
		When the user selects a galaxy by pressing its button, the softphone is auto-customized presenting the user with a search page tailored for the galaxy chosen (for example, the search page and respective database for Sports is quite different than that for World of Warcraft).
	www.liveonthenet.com /interactive-galaxies.html (265 words)

	What Galaxies have been observed using the PNLF method?
		Below is a list of galaxies whose distances have been found using the Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function (PNLF).
		Galaxies that have larger number of PN will generally have more accurate distances than galaxies with smaller number of PN.
		It is defined as DM = 5 * log d - 5, where d is the distance in parsecs, and the log is base 10.
	www.noao.edu /jacoby/pnlf/galaxy_list.html (264 words)

	Galaxies for beginners
		Galaxies are often the toughest objects for new amateur astronomers to observe.
		Still, the list should provide most of the easiest galaxies, and will steer you away from some of the very tricky Messier objects like M33 and M101 until you are more experienced and/or observe from darker skies.
		There are two galaxies on this list that are rather far south, and will be much more difficult for observers in the far northern Lower 48 and Canada.
	www.eskimo.com /~rachford/observing/galaxy_phot/beginner_galaxies.html (581 words)

	Types of Galaxies
		He discovered the galaxy Andromeda, which along with the milky way, is one of the largest known galaxies.
		Yet, research in galaxies was rather slow, and only three had been discovered by the 18th century.
		Galaxies are generally not isolated, but together in groups.
	library.thinkquest.org /23830/galaxies.htm (418 words)

	Decatur Area Astronomy Club - Messier List
		This list of galaxies, nebulae, and star clusters was compiled by Charles Messier (1730-1817) and his colleague, Pierre Mechain.
		Of these, 33 were identified by later observers as galaxies, 55 as star clusters, and 11 as true nebulae; the 4 others are a double star; an asterism; a patch of the Milky Way; and a duplicate observation.
		M33, (Triangulum Galaxy?) the "Pinwheel Galaxy", is a member of the "local group" of galaxies and not much further than M31, the nearest spiral.
	www.decaturastronomy.com /messierlist.htm (4375 words)

	The Realm of the Galaxies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Here at last is the densest part of the sky as far as galaxies for the six inch scope are concerned.
		First on the list are four galaxies in the same field of view at 70x.
		M-84 and M-86 are a pair of bright elliptical galaxies with prominent nuclei.
	www.clifty.com /scott/DSO/realm.html (225 words)

	The Messier Catalog : Starshine.com
		This list of galaxies, nebulae, and star clusters was compiled by Charles Messier (1730-1817) and his colleague, Pierre Mechain.
		Of these, 33 were identified by later observers as galaxies, 55 as star clusters, and 11 as true nebulae; the 4 others are a double star; an asterism; a patch of the Milky Way; and a duplicate observation.
		The galaxy is moving in the opposite direction from the rest of the Virgo cluster, coming towards us at a rate of around 125 miles/second.
	www.starshine.com /frankn/astronomy/messier.asp (4931 words)

	Smaller Lists of Galaxies
		Smaller lists of compact galaxies [57, 78, 79, 80, 125, 126, 127, 226, 230, 250, 253, 283] and compact groups of compact galaxies [144, 212, 213, 249].
		A List of Galaxies Possibly Associated with Abell Clusters is given by Haynes [140].
		Redshifts, morphological types, classifications, orientations and ellipticities for 129 galaxies in a 6 by 6 degree region of the Horologium-Reticulum region of the southern sky [192].
	nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu /level5/CATALOGS/slog.html (401 words)

	How is distance determined between the galaxies?
		Galaxies are set up in columns of 10, with each group of 10 to the right of the next higher set.
		However, when leaving one galaxy column to another, a 2000 "column change" is also applied for leaving the one column for the next, but the 200 for moving from the last galaxy in the one column to the next galaxy is not applied.
		Also, the 2000 galaxy column change is applied only once, so it does not make a difference if you are going from A00 to A10, or from A00 to A20, the 2000 distance galaxy column change is only applied once.
	support.astroempires.com /index.php?_m=knowledgebase&_a=viewarticle&kbarticleid=274 (273 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This is a preliminary list for you to use as > a starting point for our discussions at the NVO meeting in Tucson > this week.
		> > Please restrict the list of clusters to z > 0.6 > > Please return to me > a) the list of galaxies and measurement parameters > b) the X-day luminosity > c) The X-ray image > d) The images from which the galaxy measurements were made.
		SLOAN, deep surveys) > - galaxies in a given volume (distance, RA, DEC range) > - galaxies in a given magnitude range > - galaxies of given morphological types (e.g.
	hea-www.harvard.edu /~janet/nvo/bignvo/young_14apr02.lis (2419 words)

	Point Source Contamination From Galaxies
		None of the 531 LGA galaxies have corresponding point source IDs (pt_src keys are all null), so the objects found around these positions are all given gal_contam flags of 2.
		There are 12 galaxies (non-LGA) for which the point source position and extd source positions are far enough separated that the elliptical cone search around the galaxy position did not pick up the point source.
		Listed here are the counter number in the XSC, RA and Dec, and r_k20fe values in arcsec.
	spider.ipac.caltech.edu /staff/nelson/2mass/galcon/galcon.html (830 words)

	Directory - Science: Astronomy: Galaxies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		European Network: The Formation and Evolution of Galaxies · Purpose is to understand the creation of galaxies and the universe has evolved.
		Complete Spiral Galaxy Pictures Gallery · cached · Contains over 600 pictures of all spiral galaxies larger than 3 minutes of arc for all constellations in the Northern and Southern celestial hemispheres.
		Galaxies · cached · Some useful information about kinds of galaxies, content of galaxies, clusters of galaxies, galaxies and cosmology.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=48417 (461 words)

	Auxiliary Data Files
		This list can be as long as you would like, but be aware that SAS will automatically analyze every galaxy on this list without prompting the user, so increasing list size directly increases the time it takes to run the program.
		Generic SAS attempts to match up the portion of the filename in the redshift list up until the first period (".") with the list files in the spectra directory, so what is included after the first period is ignored.
		It does not matter what order the airmasses are in relation to the galaxy list or the exposure time list.
	www.astro.caltech.edu /~bswinney/files_data.html (620 words)

	Roaming the Deep Sky #13
		Over the past few months, I’ve been concentrating on galaxies that are on the Herschel 400 observing list.
		Of course, the fact that a majority of the objects on the list are galaxies is a big factor too.
		This galaxy’s location on the sky in Canes Venatici is shown in the chart.
	home.insightbb.com /~lasweb/lessons/RDS13-NGC4449.htm (656 words)

	Science: Astronomy: Galaxies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Purpose is to understand the creation of galaxies and the universe has evolved.
		List of resources dedicaced to extragalactic astronomy: Databases, projects, education...
		This provides an accurate means of measuring the distances to remote galaxies and thereby determining the age of the universe.
	www.indianartcraft.com /dir.cgi/Science/Astronomy/Galaxies (324 words)

	Abell 1656
		Since galaxies within the Coma Cluster can have such a wide range of velocities, it is more difficult to determine if galaxies within the field are in the foreground or background.
		Galaxies with radial velocities the same as the cluster average may interact with nearby field galaxies, causing them to eject from the cluster.
		The observing list is contained in Table II – Galaxies within 4º of the center of the Coma Cluster, Abell 1656.
	pw2.netcom.com /~ahighe/a1656.htm (1934 words)

	Faulkes Telescope Educational Guide - Galaxies - Targets
		The first column is the name of the galaxy, the second and third are the co-ordinates of where to find it in the sky.
		The fourth column is the magnitude which is a measure of the brightness of the object, the fifth is the galaxy's classification, eg Sa or E3.
		The galaxies are listed in order of classification, so spirals are listed from S0 to Sc, barred spirals from SBa to SBc and ellipticals from E0 to E7.
	www.le.ac.uk /physics/faulkes/web/galaxies/r_ga_targets.html (302 words)

	Net Smart Shopper > Science> Astronomy> Galaxies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Complete Spiral Galaxy Pictures Gallery - Contains over 600 pictures of all spiral galaxies larger than 3 minutes of arc for all constellations in the Northern and Southern celestial hemispheres.
		European Network: The Formation and Evolution of Galaxies - Purpose is to understand the creation of galaxies and the universe has evolved.
		Galaxies - Some useful information about kinds of galaxies, content of galaxies, clusters of galaxies, galaxies and cosmology.
	www.netsmartshopper.com /Top/Science/Astronomy/Galaxies (495 words)

	HubbleSite - Reference Desk - FAQs
		Galaxies emit all kinds of electromagnetic radiation, from x-rays to radio waves.
		As a result, much of the light from the most distant galaxies is no longer visible, but has been shifted to the infrared where present instruments are less sensitive.
		So, astronomers are studying nearby galaxies in ultraviolet light to compare their shapes with those of their distant relatives.
	hubblesite.org /reference_desk/faq/answer.php.id=42&cat=galaxies (207 words)

	Veropedia - Mice Galaxies
		NGC 4676, or the Mice Galaxies, are two spiral galaxies in the constellation Coma Berenices.
		In the upper galaxy, a core with some dark markings is surrounded by a bluish white remnant of spiral arms.
		The lower galaxy is closer to normal, with a yellowish core and two arcs; arm remnants underneath are bluish as well.
	en.veropedia.com /a/Mice_Galaxies (225 words)

	The Nearest Groups of Galaxies
		Nearly all of the nearby galaxies lie near this plane (the supergalactic coordinate system was originally invented because many nearby galaxy groups lie close to this plane.) All of the brightest and largest galaxies within 20 million light years are marked on this map together with many of the fainter dwarf galaxies.
		This galaxy has recently (within the past billion years) collided with a satellite galaxy, and the material at the bottom-right of this picture is the remains of the satellite galaxy.
		This is a list of all the brighter and larger galaxies within 20 million light years.
	www.atlasoftheuniverse.com /galgrps.html (732 words)

	Galaxies and galaxy clusters
		A spiral galaxy, Messier 83, (NGC 5236, wide field)
		NGC 3351, M95, a barred spiral galaxy in Leo
		M77 (NGC 1068), a spiral galaxy with faint outer ring
	www.aao.gov.au /images/general/galaxies.html (206 words)

	The 2MASS Redshift Survey at CfA
		His map of the Galaxy in which he placed the Sun near the centre (the brighter spot) is shown in the image to the right.
		He cannot be credited for discovering that the light from galaxies is almost always shifted to the red, but he did notice that there was a correlation of the amount of redshift and the distance to the galaxy.
		Galaxies are thought to flow along the filaments towards galaxy clusters which form at the intersections.
	cfa-www.harvard.edu /~huchra/2mass/public.php (937 words)

	PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway: Search/Browse Results (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Properties of galaxies are discussed, covering galaxy classification (elliptical, spiral, irregular); distances of galaxies (distance indicators, luminosity calibration, distance ladder or pyramid); galaxy clusters; Hubble's Law; determining the mass of galaxies and the dark matter problem; galaxy collisions; and galactic evolution.
		Galaxies with active nuclei are discussed, including Seyfert galaxies, BL Lac objects (blazars), radio galaxies, active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and quasi-stellar objects (QSO's or quasars).
		Topics relating to galaxy clusters are discussed, including the local group of galaxies; groups, clusters and superclusters of galaxies; the Virgo and Coma Rich clusters; the mass contained in clusters; the Great Attractor; redshifts and the 3D structure of the Universe; soap bubbles and voids; the Great Wall; and distance scales in the Universe.
	www.psigate.ac.uk /roads/cgi-bin/psibrowse.pl?limit=0&subject=523.112&toplevel=astronomy (1648 words)

	Instructional (Lesson) Plan Format
		They receive a list of galaxies (listed by their NGC numbers) and are instructed to find images of the galaxies on an Internet browser.
		For example, galaxy colors are determined by the colors of stars, which are related to their temperature and chemical composition.
		Because all galaxies are different from each other, student interest is sustained, and all of the students (and the teacher) are able to learn new information.
	www.cwu.edu /~wibem/IslandUniverse.html (1058 words)

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