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Topic: List of laser types

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List of lasers

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	More on Laser
		A laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is a device which uses a quantum mechanical effect, stimulated emission, to generate a coherent beam of light from a lasing medium of controlled purity, size, and shape.
		The output of a laser may be a continuous, constant-amplitude output (known as CW or continuous wave), or pulsed, by using the techniques of Q-switching, modelocking, or gain-switching.
		Some types of laser, such as dye lasers and vibronic solid-state lasers can produce light over a broad range of wavelengths; this property makes them suitable for the generation of extremely short pulses of light, on the order of a femtosecond (10-15 seconds).
	www.artilifes.com /laser.htm (2287 words)

	World Almanac for Kids
		Lasers are devices that amplify light and produce coherent light beams, ranging from infrared to ultraviolet.
		Lasers using electrons unattached to atoms and pumped to lasing capacity by an array of magnets were first developed in 1977 and are now becoming important research instruments.
		Lasers have been used, for example, to drill holes in diamonds, to shape machine tools, to trim microelectronics, to heat-treat semiconductor chips, to cut fashion patterns, to synthesize new material, and to attempt to induce controlled nuclear fusion.
	www.worldalmanacforkids.com /explore/space/laser.html (1325 words)

	Laser - MSN Encarta
		Lasers generate light by storing energy in particles called electrons inside atoms and then inducing the electrons to emit the absorbed energy as light.
		Lasers produce coherent light: light that is monochromatic (one color) and whose photons are “in step” with one another.
		The patent for the laser was granted to Townes and Schawlow, but it was later challenged by the American physicist and engineer Gordon Gould, who had written down some ideas and coined the word laser in 1957.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761578658/Laser.html (854 words)

	Laser Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is a device which uses a quantum mechanical effect, stimulated emission, to generate a coherent beam of light from a lasing medium of controlled purity, size, and shape.
		An unforeseen discovery counter to expected and long-held laser properties, lasing without maintaining the medium excited into a population inversion, was discovered in sodium gas in 1992 and again in 1995 each in sodium and rubidium gas by various international teams.
		Furthermore, science-fiction film special effects often depict weapon laser beams propagating at only a few feet per second—i.e., slowly enough to see their progress, in a manner reminiscent of conventional tracer ammunition—whereas in reality a laser beam travels at the speed of light, and would be instantly visible along its entire length.
	www.searchscribe.com /Misc./laser-article.htm (2159 words)

	Finance Choices - Personal Finance Wiki
		Laser light is typically near-monochromatic, i.e., consisting of a single wavelength or color, and emitted in a narrow beam.
		The laser was proposed as a variation of the maser principle in the late 1950s, and the first laser was demonstrated in 1960.
		In 1916, Albert Einstein laid the foundation for the invention of the laser and its predecessor, the maser, in a ground-breaking rederivation of Max Planck's law of radiation based on the concepts of spontaneous and induced emission.
	www.financechoices.co.uk /personal-finance-wiki.php?title=Laser (5043 words)

	Laser Information Page - dewalt-laser
		Laser (US Air Force)A LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is an optical device which uses a quantum mechanical effect called stimulated emission (discovered by Einstein while researching the photoelectric effect) in order to generate a coherent beam of light from a lasing medium of controlled purity, size, and shape.
		Graph showing the history of maximum laser pulse intensity throughout the past 40 years.An unforeseen laser vision correction chicago discovery in 1992, lasing without maintaining the medium excited into a population inversion, was discovered in sodium gas in and again in 1995 each in sodium and rubidium gas by various international teams.
		Erbium-doped fiber lasers, a type of laser formed los angeles laser tooth whitening from a specially made optical fiber, which is used as an amplifier for optical communications.
	www.infotechloco.com /Laser.htm (2433 words)

	laser skin - laser skin treatment
		For a laser to operate, the gain medium must be "pumped" by an external energy source, such as electricity or light (from a classical source such as a flash lamp, or another laser).
		The output of a laser may be a continuous, constant-amplitude output (known as CW or continuous wave), or pulsed, co2 laser skin resurfacing by using the techniques of Q-switching, modelocking, or gain-switching.
		Lasers are also used for dermatological procedures including removal skin laser peoria of tattoos, birthmarks, and hair; laser types used in dermatology include ruby (694 nm), alexandrite sarasota laser skin treatment (755 nm), pulsed diode array (810 nm), Nd:YAG (1064 fort collins laser skin resurfacing nm), Ho:YAG (2090 nm), and Er:YAG (2940 nm).
	www.medicalgeo.com /Med-Topics-in-the-News-I---L/laser-skin.html (2981 words)

	List of laser types
		Nd:Glass lasers are usually frequency tripled to the third harmonic at 351 nm in laser fusion devices.
		This material is often used in highly-tunable mode-locked infrared lasers to produce ultrashort pulses and in amplifier lasers to produce ultrashort and ultra-intense pulses.
		First demonstration of efficient "saturated" operation of a subâ“10 nm X-ray laser, possible applications in high resolution microscopy and holography, operation is close to the "water window" at 2.2 to 4.4 nm where observation of DNA structure and the action of viruses and drugs on cells can be examined.
	www.photonicsknowledge.com /optics/List_of_laser_types (953 words)

	List of laser types - ExampleProblems.com
		Laser weaponry, scientific and materials research, laser used in the U.S. military's Airborne laser, operated in continuous wave mode and capable of extremely high powers in the megawatt range.
		Nd:Glass lasers are usually frequency tripled to the third harmonic at 351 nm in laser fusion devices.
		This material is often used in highly-tunable mode-locked infrared lasers to produce ultrashort pulses and in amplifier lasers to produce ultrashort and ultra-intense pulses.
	www.exampleproblems.com /wiki/index.php?title=List_of_laser_types&printable=yes (796 words)

	laser vision correction resource page - colorado laser vision correction
		A laser is composed of an active laser medium and a resonant optical cavity.
		For a laser to operate, the gain medium must be "pumped" by an naples laser vision correction external energy source, such as electricity or light (from a classical source such as a flash lamp, or another laser).
		Lasers are also used for dermatological procedures including removal of tattoos, birthmarks, laser vision correction pennsylvania and hair; laser types used in dermatology include ruby (694 nm), alexandrite (755 nm), pulsed laser vision correction illinois diode array (810 nm), Nd:YAG (1064 nm), Ho:YAG (2090 nm), and Er:YAG (2940 nm).
	www.globalcpr.com /hlth/laser_vision_correction.html (3394 words)

	The educational encyclopedia, physics, lasers
		Helium-Neon lasers The most common and inexpensive gas laser, the helium-neon laser is usually constructed to operate in the red at 632.8 nm.
		Lasers the behaviour and nature of light, absorption and emission of light, the processes of amplification of light, types of lasers and applications, the processes of absorption and emission of light, to discuss the processes of amplification of light, description of some of the common types of Lasers and their applications
		Laser technology A laser is composed of an active laser medium, or gain medium, and a resonant optical cavity,...
	www.educypedia.be /education/lasers.htm (900 words)

	Maser Summary
		Although the knowledge and use of lasers is now widespread, the laser is actually a light-emitting cousin to the maser, a device used to generate and amplify radio and light waves.
		The device used stimulated emission in a stream of energised ammonia molecules to produce amplification of microwaves at a frequency of 24 gigahertz.
		Today, the most important type of maser is the hydrogen maser which is currently used as an atomic frequency standard.
	www.bookrags.com /Maser (1723 words)

	History of the Laser
		laser medium by "pumping" the medium; i.e., by supplying energy in the form of light or electricity, for example.
		Star Wars, a laser beam is never visible in the vacuum of space and usually does not glow in air either; the ray only glows if some obstacle, such as dust, lies in its path, in much the same way that a sunbeam glows in a dusty atmosphere.
		Laser products available for consumers, such as CD players and laser pointers are usually in class I, II, or III.
	www.edinformatics.com /inventions_inventors/laser.htm (1904 words)

	What are the Different Types of Laser Eye Surgery? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The types of laser eye surgery that fall under the category of PRK do so because they all involve a surface ablation technique to remove the cornea's outermost layer, called the epithelium, rather than creating a flap via a cutting technique as used in LASIK procedures.
		After the excimer laser reshapes the stroma to correct the vision, the epithelium is replaced.
		In FDA clinical trials where nearsighted patients underwent laser surgery and were retested after a 6-month period, 95.8% of those who were treated with VISX Star4 Custom Vue Lasik retained 20/20 vision, compared to 79.9% treated by Alcon LADARVision CustomCornea.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-are-the-different-types-of-laser-eye-surgery.htm (1146 words)

	List of laser types - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nd:Glass lasers are usually frequency tripled to the third harmonic at 351 nm in laser fusion devices.
		This material is often used in highly-tunable mode-locked infrared lasers to produce ultrashort pulses and in amplifier lasers to produce ultrashort and ultra-intense pulses.
		First demonstration of efficient "saturated" operation of a sub–10 nm X-ray laser, possible applications in high resolution microscopy and holography, operation is close to the "water window" at 2.2 to 4.4 nm where observation of DNA structure and the action of viruses and drugs on cells can be examined.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_laser_types (923 words)

	Laser Eye Surgery - PRK & LASIK - Medical Discussions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This is the laser which has revolutionized refractive surgery because when this laser interacts with tissue it removes only a fraction of the cell with virtually no damage to surrounding cells.
		Laser calibration is done by visual inspection of a 1um thick metal foil which requires 9 laser passes for removal.
		The use of the laser to sculpt either a - (myopic) or + (hyperopic) lens in the remaining corneal tissue allows the extreme precision of the refractive laserÍs surgical ability to significantly enhance the technique.
	www.prk.com /www.prk.com1.1/medical.html (3439 words)

	Holey Fibers Shed New Light \| Physical Review Focus
		A holey fiber may be able to plug the "holes" in the list of laser colors affordable to most scientists.
		Common diode lasers--the type used in laser pointers and grocery-store scanners--are cheap laboratory workhorses for colors ranging from orange to infrared.
		One way to convert laser light is to pass it through a so-called Raman gas such as hydrogen.
	focus.aps.org /story/v14/st11 (689 words)

	Affordable Laser Center LLC Price list For Men
		Skin type 1 (Caucasian) has the least amount of melanin and therefore is very light in color, does not tan well, and burns very easily.
		Because our laser targets the melanin in both your hair and your skin, the best candidates for treatment with our laser are those with light skin and dark hair.
		Please note that laser technology cannot effectively treat light blond, white, gray, and red hair, due to the lack of melanin in the hair follicle.
	www.laserhairremoval.com /affordable_laser_male_prices.htm (246 words)

	Laser Resurfacing
		Laser resurfacing is a relatively new treatment for reducing facial wrinkles and skin irregularities, such as blemishes or acne scars.
		The two types of lasers most commonly used in laser resurfacing are carbon dioxide (CO) and erbium.
		Each laser vaporizes superficial, damaged skin cells and both reduce the risk for the patient because they limit the amount of heat absorbed by the skin.
	www.medicinenet.com /laser_resurfacing/article.htm (345 words)

	Calcium fluoride - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		As an infrared optical material, calcium fluoride is sometimes known by the Eastman Kodak trademarked name Irtran-3, although this designation is long since obsolete.
		Uranium-doped calcium fluoride was the second type of solid state laser invented, in the 1960s.
		Peter Sorokin and Mirek Stevenson at IBM's laboratories in Yorktown Heights, New York, achieved lasing at 2.5 µm shortly after Maiman's ruby laser.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Calcium_fluoride (394 words)

	Laser
		Laser is the newest modality for the removal of unwanted hair.
		Lightsheer™ Pulsed Diode Laser has been cleared by the FDA for Permanent Hair Reduction and is the only laser for hair removal that can be safely used on all skin colors.
		Your laser treatment will be performed by Barbara McClure, RN; fully trained and certified in the use of the Lightsheer™.
	www.imagespa.net /laser.htm (226 words)

	Sam'sl Laser FAQ - www.LaserFX.com
		Basic laser principles, laser safety, general laser information, laser instruments and applications, laser and parts sources, laser discussion groups and newsgroups, and many references, and links.
		Sam's Laser FAQ was developed to provide a unique resource for experimenters and hobbyists - as well as just plain old basement tinkerers.
		A full copy of Sam's Laser FAQ is available as a.zip file for download from the Download section of the Backstage area.
	www.laserfx.com /FAQ/FAQ3.html (1126 words)

	Sam's Laser FAQ: Welcome Page
		Scans of older laser related catalogs, brochures, price lists, and other manufacturers' literature are being added to Vintage Lasers and Accessories Brochures Presently, this is mostly HeNe lasers but should grow to cover other types as time progresses.
		The chapters on solid state lasers have progressed significantly and there is now a separate one on Complete SS Laser Power Supply Schematics with complete systems suitable for driving the pulsed ruby and YAG laser heads common on the surplus market.
		Several more ion laser schematics have been added including a couple of basic power supply designs that are easy to build as well as the circuit diagram of the quite common NEC GLG-3030 laser head.
	members.misty.com /don/lasersam.htm (4563 words)

	Laser (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A helium-neon laser demonstration at the Kastler-Brossel Laboratory at Univ. Paris 6.
		Different applications require lasers with different output power.
		Argon-ion lasers emit 458 nm, 488 nm or 514.5 nm.
	en.askmore.net /Laser.htm (4681 words)

	Sam's Laser FAQ: Welcome Page
		The chapters on solid state lasers have progressed significantly and there is now a separate one on Complete SS Laser Power Supply Schematics with complete systems suitable for driving the pulsed ruby and YAG laser heads common on the surplus market.
		There are several sections in the chapters on Helium-Neon Lasers and Home-Built Helium-Neon Laser describing the use of HeNe laser tubes with one or two Brewster windows for the construction of external mirror HeNe lasers using readily available components.
		Argon and Krypton Ion Lasers are now covered in great detail providing the only known readily accessible detailed discussion of their characteristics and maintenance, as well as power supply requirements and system design considerations for these very desirable devices.
	repairfaq.ece.drexel.edu /sam/lasersam.htm (4563 words)

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