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	List of nearest bright stars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The list of nearest bright stars is a table of stars found within 15 parsecs of the Sun that have an absolute magnitude of +8.5 or brighter.
		These stars are estimated to be from 32.7 to 42.4 light years distant from the Sun.
		These stars are estimated to be from 42.5 to 48.9 light years distant from the Sun.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_nearest_bright_stars (186 words)

	Star (Astronomy) K-12 Experiments for Lesson Plans & Science Fair Projects
		Star formation begins with gravitational instability inside those clouds, often triggered by shockwaves from supernovae or collision of two galaxies (as in a starburst galaxy).
		Eventually, most of the matter in a star is blown away by the explosion (forming nebulae such as the Crab Nebula) and what remains will be a neutron star (sometimes a pulsar or X-ray burster) or, in the case of the largest stars, a fl hole.
		The apparent brightness of a star is measured by its apparent magnitude.
	www.juliantrubin.com /encyclopedia/astronomy/star.html (1962 words)

	Star (astronomy) - MSN Encarta
		Stars are made chiefly of hydrogen and a smaller amount of helium.
		The brightest stars are classified as 1st magnitude, 2nd-magnitude stars are about 2.5 times less bright, while stars just visible to the naked eye on a clear night are 6th magnitude.
		Apparent magnitude is the brightness of a star as viewed from Earth, and the absolute magnitude of a star is its actual brightness as viewed from a set distance away from the star.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557483/Star_(astronomy).html (1024 words)

	Tattoos Pictures
		Stars appear as shining points in the nighttime sky that twinkle because of the effect of the Earth's atmosphere and their distance from us.
		Stellar astronomy is the study of stars and the phenomena exhibited by the various forms/developmental stages of stars.
		As learned by star formation astronomers, stars are born in molecular clouds, large regions of slightly higher density of matter (though still less dense than the inside of an earthly vacuum chamber), and form by gravitational instability inside those clouds triggered by shockwaves from supernovae.
	www.tattoos-pictures.com /star-tattoo.htm (1297 words)

	Brightest
		The "A" after the star name indicates that it is the brightest in a multiple-star system, although in this type of list, stars which are not visually separate are commonly added together.
		Many multiple star systems are bright enough to be alpha, beta, gamma, or delta in their constellations; that is, the first, second, third, or fourth brightest "star" in that constellation.
		Originally the plan was to call the brightest visible stars "stars of the first magnitude" or magnitude = 1 and on down to the faintest visible "stars of the sixth magnitude" or magnitude = 6.
	exobio.ucsd.edu /Astronomy/brightest.htm (496 words)

	Apparent magnitude Summary
		In 1856, Pogson formalized the system by defining a typical first magnitude star as a star that is 100 times as bright as a typical sixth magnitude star; thus, a first magnitude star is about 2.512 times as bright as a second magnitude star.
		The rate at which apparent brightness changes, as the distance from an object increases, is calculated by the inverse-square law (at cosmological distance scales, this is no longer quite true because of the curvature of space).
		Since cooler stars, such as red giants and red dwarfs, emit little energy in the blue and UV regions of the spectrum their power is often under-represented by the UBV scale.
	www.bookrags.com /Apparent_magnitude (2041 words)

	STARS
		Many stars are much fainter and hence much smaller than main-sequence stars of the same temperature, including white dwarfs (1 per cent of the size of the Sun) and neutron stars (0.001 per cent of the size of the Sun).
		Stars are large celestial bodies composed of gravitationally contained hot gases emitting electromagnetic radiation, especially light, as a result of nuclear reactions inside the stars.
		The number of stars visible to the naked eye from earth has been estimated to total 8,000, of which 4,000 are in the northern hemisphere of the sky and 4,000 in the southern hemisphere.
	www.claudette.shalfleet.net /astrophysics/stars.htm (1265 words)

	Lists of stars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bright Star Catalog, Astronomical Data Center, NSSDC/ADC, 1991.
		Astronomiches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg — ARICNS Database for Nearby Stars
		Sol Station — information on nearby and bright stars.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_stars (108 words)

	Star
		A star is a massive body of plasma in outer space which is currently producing or has produced energy through nuclear fusion.
		The nearest star to the Earth, apart from the Sun, is Proxima Centauri, which is 39.9 trillion kilometres, or 4.2 light years away (light from Proxima Centauri takes 4.2 years to reach Earth).
		There are different classifications of stars ranging from type W which are very large and bright, to M which is often just large enough to start ignition of the hydrogen.
	www.majicape.com /Boo-S/Star.php (1772 words)

	Harvard Gazette: Quark stars signal unstable universe
		When such stars use up their hydrogen fuel they explode into bright supernova, then their cores collapse into an extremely heavy ball of neutrons enveloped in a thin atmosphere containing iron and other debris from the explosion.
		The star in Corona Australis was thought to be the nearest neutron star to Earth.
		Instead of originating from a small strange quark star, the energetic rays may emanate from a hot area on the surface of a neutron star.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/2002/05.02/01-quarkstars.html (1274 words)

	Planet Hit List - Astronomy In Your Hands
		However, they are so far away from us (the closest star is about 5,000 times further away than the furthest planet) and the journey around the centre of the galaxy takes so long that it takes hundreds or even thousands of years before we can see significant changes in the locations of the stars.
		Planets vary in brightness over time according to how far they are away from the sun, and according to how much of the bright side of the planet is facing towards Earth.
		Stars twinkle because their light is bent as it comes through the air.
	www.astronomyinyourhands.com /activities/planethitlist.html (1623 words)

	The HR diagram (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The bright star table was selected on the basis of apparent brightness NOT the luminosity of the stars.
		Plot log(L_Star/L_Sun) versus Temperature for both the lists of nearest stars and brightest stars on the attached graph.
		For each list of stars, the nearest stars and the brightest stars, count the number of stars that fall into each of these temperature ranges: 3000 or less; 3001 to 5000; 5001 to 7000, 7001 to 10,000; greater than 10,000.
	www.ucolick.org /~lharden/personalstuff/ay4/hrblank.html (585 words)

	Discover the Wisdom of Mankind on star (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		However, since the lifespan of such stars is greater than the current age of the universe (13.6 billion years), no fl dwarfs exist yet.
		One of the most massive stars known is andeta; Carinae, with 100andndash;150 times as much mass as the Sun.
		Stars begin as a cloud of mostly hydrogen with about 25% helium and heavier elements in smaller quantities.
	www.blinkbits.com /blinks/star (2446 words)

	The Masses of Stars
		This is not a binary star at all.
		Moreover, by timing how long it takes for the stars to move into and out of eclipse, and by noting how fast the stars are moving, it is possible to use these systems to measure not only a star's mass but also its size.
		From Newton's second law, the relative speeds of the stars gives you their relative masses: the faster the star is moving, the lighter it is. The size of each star's orbit is easily measured from its velocity (obtained through the Doppler shift) and the period of the orbit.
	www.astro.psu.edu /users/rbc/a1/lec8_2d.html (1861 words)

	HubbleSite - NewsCenter - Hubble Weighs in on the Heaviest Stars in the Galaxy (03/09/2005) - Release Text
		Although astronomers know that stars come in a variety of masses, they are still stumped when it comes to figuring out if stars have a weight limit at birth.
		Hefty stars also may be the source of titanic gamma-ray bursts, which flood a galaxy with radiation.
		Figer estimated the stars' masses by measuring the ages of the cluster and the brightness of the individual stars.
	hubblesite.org /newscenter/archive/releases/2005/05/text (1392 words)

	The Universe within 12.5 Light Years - The Nearest stars
		Roughly eighty percent of all the stars in the universe are red dwarfs, and the nearest star - Proxima - is a typical example.
		This dim red dwarf is the nearest star to the Sun, and it is a member of the Alpha Centauri system despite lying 0.24 light years from the main pair of stars, requiring over one million years to orbit them.
		Both stars are variable in brightness and have the variable star names of GX And and GQ And.
	www.atlasoftheuniverse.com /12lys.html (1155 words)

	ASP: The Nearest Stars: A Guided Tour
		This very modest little star, located just six light-years away in the direction of the constellation Ophiuchus, is the closest star that can be studied from the Northern Hemisphere — but only with the aid of telescopes, since it is much too dim to be seen with the unaided eye.
		But stars that are quite nearby can change their positions relatively rapidly, just as an automobile on a street right next to you zips past you quickly, but cars on a distant highway seem to crawl along.
		The apparent brightness is how bright the stars look in our sky, compared to the brightness of Sirius A. Luminosity, or the true brightness, is how bright the stars would look if all were at the same distance (compared to the Sun).
	www.astrosociety.org /education/publications/tnl/05/05.html (1980 words)

	Stellar Properties
		The parallax of a star is used to calculate its distance.
		The nearest stars should display the greatest proper motion, and the star with the greatest proper motion is Barnard's star with a change of 10 arcsecs per year.
		Kepler's 3rd law of planetary motion can be used to determine the sum of the mass of the binary stars if the distance between each other and their orbital period is known.
	zebu.uoregon.edu /~js/ast122/lectures/lec08.html (988 words)

	Stars...Astroppo.com
		Astronomers estimate that there are at least 70 sextillion stars in the known universe (7 × 1022).
		Some stars may even be close to 13.7 billion years old, which is the estimated age of the universe.
		In the Sun, with a 107 K core, hydrogen fuses to form helium in the proton-proton chain.
	www.astroppo.com /stars.html (1126 words)

	Brightest Stars
		The table lists the 118 visually brightest stars of the sky, those through visual magnitude 2.75 (that is, all the stars of zeroth, first, and second magnitudes as seen with the naked eye, plus 27 into third), adapted and extended from the Cambridge Encyclopedia of Stars (J. Kaler, Cambridge University Press, 2006, in press).
		Listings such as this one cannot be unique and definitive because of stellar variability, different sources of data (which can give slightly different magnitudes), and different ways of treating binaries.
		Castor A (which is itself double), at magnitude 1.98, would make the list as well, ranking 47th, as would the brighter components of Spica.
	www.astro.uiuc.edu /~kaler/sow/bright.html (774 words)

	Discover the Wisdom of Mankind on stars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		This is a very sensual, dramatic and intense look, more appropriate for a young woman, as it can considerably harden the gaze in a mature woman, and by that age what we are after is for the mature woman to look fresh and youthful.
		Takeover Target and the equine star's humble devoted companion Joe Janiak are set for another command performance....
		(See Big Bang theory and stellar evolution.) They range in size from the tiny neutron stars (which are actually dead stars) no bigger than a city, to supergiants like the North Star (Polaris) and Betelgeuse, in the Orion constellation, which have a diameter about 1,000 times larger than the Sun andmdash;about 1.6 terametres.
	www.blinkbits.com /blinks/stars (2413 words)

	Astronomy Links: Neat stuff at night: Constellations and Stars
		The Brightest Stars - list of the 50 brightest stars in the sky
		The Constellations and their Stars - everything you would ever want to know about the constellations, including: bright stars, deep sky objects, interactive sky charts, mythology, etc...
		Stars - info about individual stars, star names, spectra, classification, their constellations, and a lot more!!!
	www.astro.psu.edu /users/stark/viewing/Stars.html (771 words)

	Exterior Entry Lighting - Welcome to the Efficient Lighting Fixtures List for Homes
		If you use just one fixture, the area nearest it is too bright and the areas further away are too dim.
		When someone leaves an excessively lit building, it takes the eye longer to adapt from a bright entry to the darker walkways outside, making it difficult to see.
		The eye can adapt to very low light levels (moonlight is less than 1 footcandle) and very high light levels (a sunny beach can be over 20,000 footcandles), but it only adapts to one light level at a time.
	www.elflist.com /article11_entry.htm (617 words)

	stars
		For other uses of this term, see Star (disambiguation).
		One of the most massive stars known is Carinae, with 100Äì150 times as much mass as the Sun.
		Click here for our full list of SCIfinder frequently asked questions.
	www.sfcrowsnest.com /scifinder/a/Star.php (1990 words)

	MACHINE
		The explosion multiplied RS Ophiuchi's brightness by a factor of 1700--from magnitude 12.5 to 4.5.
		Ok, so Dusty made a list of goals, a sort of "to do" list by a certain age.
		That being said, the next dozen nearest stars in our local neighborhood are randomly distributed between 4 to 11 light years away, and most of them are intrinsically dimmer than our sun, that is, they are a lower wattage bulb compared to our Sun.
	www.mikeacrossamerica.blogspot.com (5235 words)

	Blazing Venus
		Venus is frequently mistaken for a bright star, an airplane, or even a UFO.
		Venus doesn't twinkle like a star, nor does it move rapidly across the sky as an airplane or a flying saucer might.
		Although it's not the largest planet in the solar system, Venus is usually the one nearest to Earth.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2001/ast20feb_1.htm?list63210 (1349 words)

	VSNET: World-Leading Network on Variable Stars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Please subscribe to mailing lists if you need delivery of most up-to-date information.
		Superoutburst of the eclipsing SU UMa star, V2051 Oph
		Fading of the central star of the planetary nebula NGC 2346
	vsnet.kusastro.kyoto-u.ac.jp /vsnet/index.html (616 words)

	The Brightest Quasars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Listed below are all 17 quasars with apparent magnitudes brighter than 15.0, according to the Sky Catalogue 2000.0, plus those 3 with peak brightness brighter 13.0 magnitudes according to John Isles' Webb Society Deep Sky Observer's Handbook Vol 8: Variable Stars.
		Designations are formed from 1950.0 coordinates, Names are variable star names or entries from various catalogs (without number, the catalog lists the coordinates in column 1 as designation):
		RA/Dec coordinates for 2000.0, Con constellations, mag visual magnitudes (unless marked "p" for photographic) with "v" indicating variability, z redshift, Notes gives "BL" for BL Lacertaes and peak brightness (all but Mrk 421 from Isles).
	www.seds.org /~spider/spider/Misc/qso.html (156 words)

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