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Topic: List of papal conclaves

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	Papal conclave - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A papal election is the method by which the Roman Catholic Church fills the office of Bishop of Rome, whose incumbent is known as the Pope, the head of the Church.
		Gregory VII was the last to submit to the interference of the Holy Roman Emperors; the breach between him and the Holy Roman Empire caused by the Investiture Controversy led to the abolition of the Emperor's role.
		After the papal name is chosen, the officials are readmitted to the conclave, and the Master of Pontifical Liturgical writes a document recording the acceptance and the new name of the Pope.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Papal_election (6213 words)

	Papal election peee.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		artist Michelangelo.]] A papal election is the method by which the Roman Catholic Church fills the office of Bishop of Rome, whose incumbent is known as the Pope, the head of the Church.
		The use of the sedia gestatoria and of the flabella was discontinued by Pope John Paul II, with the former being replaced by the so-called Popemobile.
		conclave following his coronation, a tradition which has now been discontinued.]] One of the most famous aspects of the papal election process is the means by which the results of a ballot are announced to the world.
	www.peee.org /en/papal+election (12800 words)

	Papal Transition: On papal conclave & election of the next pope by Thomas J. Reese, S.J. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The prohibition against discussing papal succession while the pope is still alive dates back to Felix IV (526-30), who instructed the clergy and the Roman Senate to elect his archdeacon, Boniface, as his successor.
		The papal electors were limited to the clergy of the Diocese of Rome by the Roman synod of 499 (although in some elections some of the laity still participated until the 8th century).
		Outside the conclave, the camerlengo is assisted by the sostituto of the Secretariat of State, who directs Vatican personnel to protect the integrity and security of the conclave.
	www.americamagazine.org /papaltransition.cfm (9444 words)

	NPR : The Papal Transition: An Overview
		When the pope dies, the prefect of the papal household (Bishop James Harvey) informs the camerlengo or chamberlain who must verify his death in the presence of the papal master of ceremonies, the cleric prelates of the Apostolic Camera, and the secretary of the Apostolic Camera who draws up a death certificate.
		The prohibition against discussing papal succession while the pope is still alive dates back to Felix IV (526-530), who instructed the clergy and the Roman Senate to elect his archdeacon, Boniface, as his successor.
		(In the current case, the conclave is scheduled to begin April 18.) The actual election is in the Sistine Chapel, with the cardinals living in the Domus Sanctae Marthae, a Vatican residence with 108 suites and 23 single rooms, which is vacated of its normal residents during a conclave.
	www.npr.org /templates/story/story.php?storyId=4570895 (4563 words)

	iafrica.com \| news \| world news Cardinals continue papal vote
		The secret part of the conclave then began with a 20-minute meditation delivered by a Czech cardinal, Tomas Spidlik, the second of two that John Paul II decreed in 1996 should be given to help cardinals make up their minds.
		With the cardinals now cloistered in their conclave, Vatican watchers henceforth will have only the scraps of supposition to divine how the election is proceeding.
		As the conclave began, Ratzinger was considered the standard-bearer of a conservative bloc facing liberals spearheaded by Italy's Carlo Maria Martini.
	iafrica.com /news/worldnews/433696.htm (598 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Papal elections and conclaves by century
		The conclave which elected Innocent's successor, Adrian V, only lasted 9 days but its rigor proved to be too much for the cardinals, who asked the newly elected pope to do away with the praxis.
		The five following elections took place without a conclave and some of the vacancies were quite long, culminating with the one that preceded the election of Pope St. Celestine V which lasted two years and three months.
		The most recent document addressing the papal election and the conclave is Pope John Paul II's apostolic constitution Universi Dominici Gregis, published on the feast of the Chair of St. Peter, February 22, 1996.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/conclave-xiii.htm (5193 words)

	Category "Popes" - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This list refers only to the Catholic or Roman Catholic church, whose supreme head also bears the title "Patriarch of the West"
		Note on numbering of popes: There has never been a Pope John XX, Pope Martin II or Pope Martin III.
		Category "Popes", Related articles and lists, Bishops, Church patriarchs, Heads of state by country, Hierarchs, Monarchs, Roman Catholic bishops and Roman Catholics.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Category/Popes (179 words)

	Religion & Ethics NewsWeekly . FEATURE . Papal Succession . June 8, 2001 \| PBS
		The word conclave actually comes from the Latin meaning "with a key" because the cardinals are literally locked into the Sistine Chapel during their deliberations.
		During the last conclave, they had some problems because the man in charge didn't quite know how to put the chemicals in, and so the smoke was coming out gray, and everybody was scratching their heads saying, "Do we have a pope or don't we?"
		They had this enormous list of the characteristics of the next pope and I thought, "Jesus Christ himself couldn't satisfy that." I mean, let the Pope be the pope he's going to be.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/religionandethics/week441/feature.html (2201 words)

	Consistory peee.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The consistory is a formal meeting of the Sacred College of Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church, except when convened to elect a new pope (then the name is conclave, and specific rules apply, also to its composition).
		They are listed in full for the begin of the Vth century in the Notitia dignitatum, and a schematic map of comital military posts in English translation is available at [http://www.friesian.com/images/maps/romaniaa.gif The Friesian project].
		Although the rules of the Conclave explicitly say the Pope need not be chosen from among the ranks of the Cardinals (in theory any male Roman Catholic may be elected Pope), that has been the norm since the election of Pope Urban VI in 1378.
	www.peee.org /en/consistory (10764 words)

	Roman States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Recaptured by troops of Sir John Hawkwood (an English mercenary and Condottiere who had recently seized and then sold the city of Faenza) under the command of Cardinal Robert of Geneva (late Anti-Pope Clement VII), the place was savagely plundered and thousands killed; the massacre became notorious as the Cesena Bloodbath.
		For the full list of Popes (as well as a list of Papal Secretaries of State), go to the Papacy file in the Ecclesiarchs site.
		The town was bitterly contested between Guelph (Papal) and Ghibelline (Imperial) factions during the Middle Ages.
	www.hostkingdom.net /rome.html (1970 words)

	St Malachy's Prophecy of the Popes \| Catholic-Pages.com
		Apparently, in 1958, before the Conclave that would elect Pope John XXIII, Cardinal Spellman of New York hired a boat, filled it with sheep and sailed up and down the Tiber River, to show that he was "pastor et nautor", the motto attibuted to the next Pope in the prophecies!
		While at Rome, he received (according to the Abbé Cucherat) the strange vision of the future wherein was unfolded before his mind the long list of illustrious pontiffs who were to rule the Church until the end of time.
		Since he is said to have remarked in the Conclave after saying he would take the name Benedict that it was partly to honour Benedict XV, a pope of peace and reconciliation, perhaps Benedict XVI will be a peacemaker in the Church or in the World, and thus carry the olive branch.
	www.catholic-pages.com /grabbag/malachy.asp (1527 words)

	Catholic Pages Directory: » The Church » The Pope » PAPAL ELECTIONS
		Conclave: The Politics, Personalities and Process of the Next Papal Election
		Passing the Keys: Modern Cardinals, Conclaves and the Election of the Next Pope
		Procedures for papal elections were changed by Paul VI in 1975 and John Paul II in 1996.
	www.catholic-pages.com /dir/conclave.asp (240 words)

	The Papal Conclave from Our Sunday Visitor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		There is a famous cliché regarding papal elections that a cardinal who enters a conclave as a pope comes out still a cardinal, meaning that history has proven likely candidates do not win very often.
		Cardinal Albino Luciani of Venice was not on any lists of so-called papabili (papal favorites) entering the conclave to elect a successor to Pope Paul VI, but he was swiftly chosen as Pope John Paul I.
		With this useful caveat in mind, we offer a list of cardinals who will be participating in the upcoming conclave and who are viewed as strong contenders for the papacy:
	www.osv.com /conclave/papabili.asp (1027 words)

	The Triple Crown, An Account of the Papal Conclaves from the Fifteenth Century to the Present Day
		When the French Revolutionary army occupied Rome in 1798 its leaders appropriated several of these gorgeous jewels, and the remainder were handed over to the French Government after the Treaty of Tolentino, the unfortunate Pius VI being reduced to the humiliating necessity of wearing a gilt cardboard substitute.
		I have therefore appended to the account of the conclave itself a brief sketch of the man chosen by each of these strange assemblies to occupy the highest office in Christendom.
		A list of all sources of information will be found at the end of the volume.
	www.pickle-publishing.com /papers/triple-crown-preface.htm (590 words)

	no loss for words
		The whole premise of using plastic magnets to slip the anti-matter container through the Vatican metal detectors is flawed, since metal detectors don't react to metals as such, but to magnetic fields (normally induced in metal objects by the alternating magnetic field of the detector).
		Since Papal elections are made by secret voting itâs rather hard to see where in the process a Devilâs Advocate could come in and air his findings.
		Another error regarding papal election: Brown has the cardinals locked in the Sistine Chappel voting over and over again until they pick a winner.
	www.dannyscl.net /2005/01/dan-brown-is-fraud-list-of-errors-in.html (15755 words)

	Papal Transition (what happens between one pope and the next) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		As late as 1903, at the death of Leo XIII, this was done by striking the forehead of the pope with a silver hammer.
		The last conclave to go more than five days was in 1831: it lasted fifty-four days.
		When the cardinals gather in conclave, they will praise John Paul of happy memory, but there may be a backlash against the Vatican curia whose power has grown during this papacy.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1375591/posts (9471 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Papal election (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This is an extract from The Middle East Open Encyclopedia, made possible through the Wikimedia Foundation.
		Iraq Museum International always displays the most recent published revision of the source article, Papal election; all previous versions may be viewed here.
		They link directly to authoring tools for you to start writing a particular article.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref?title=Papal_election (6339 words)

	Papal Tiara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It was rather the failure of the bishops of the world to be obedient to this directive, and to prefer the new "status" founded on SC 22.2 to dispense with Latin and use English or whatever, instead.
		At the end of the Papal Bull, Quo Primum, the saints Peter and Paul are mentioned in a role conspicuously protective for the Church.
		The shield is divided into three by the hill of mount Carmel, in the right hand section there is a bear carrying a pack, opposite a moore queen and at the bottom a shell.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-religion/1387269/posts (4397 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary (1903-2004)
		The section concerning the cardinalate presents mainly their activities as papal electors, advisors and representatives (legates or special representatives), the three major functions of the office of cardinal.
		The section starts in 1903 because this year marks the beginning of the pontificate of St. Pius X, the first pope of the 20th century.
		If a monograph on the life of a cardinal was used, it is listed at the end of his biography, with all the bibliographical information provided.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/a-z-all.htm (605 words)

	Science Fair Projects - List of papal conclaves
		Science Fair Projects - List of papal conclaves
		Or else, you can start by choosing any of the categories below.
		Papal elections and conclaves by century menu page - from Salvador Miranda's The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church site - includes lists of all known to have attended each conclave.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/List_of_papal_conclaves (205 words)

	Pope John Paul II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Papal biographies, papal infallibility, papal elections, a list of popes and books about the papacy.
		Books, church documents and articles on conclaves, the election of a pope and the apostolic constitution on the vacancy of the papacy.
		Contains background on John Paul II as a child, priest, bishop and actor; his writings by topic; resources by topic and information on papal elections.
	www.archdiocese-chgo.org /pope_0401/pope_res.shtm (185 words)

	Conclaves, papal revolutionaries and weblogs \| Turnabout (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		For some interesting discussions of the upcoming conclave see the pieces by “Sandro Magister,” an Italian journalist with a pen name, at www.chiesa.
		It appears from the April 7 and April 14 articles that a rather strong party, led by Ratzinger and other top cardinals, is proposing quite forcefully less outreach of the Assisi variety and a much stronger emphasis on Catholic distinctiveness and decisiveness, especially in opposition to secular modernity.
		You may also send a comment to Jim Kalb, the webmaster.
	turnabout.ath.cx:8000 /node/1306 (2762 words)

	Papal_conclave info here at en.cunningness.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Papal Conclave You know, it's one of those phrases you've never heard before and then suddenly, you're bombarded with it 10 - 12 times a day!!
		I'll be SO glad when the barrage of the "Papal Conclave" mentions is over.
		Click your favorite bookmarking service below and recommend us to others!
	en.cunningness.info /Papal_conclave (6232 words)

	Quick Guide to Papal Elections
		> LMU Home > Libraries + Centers > Von der Ahe Library > About the Library > Von der Ahe Library News Article Archives > Quick Guide to Papal Elections
		The Reference Department has developed a one-page guide to papal elections entitled Electing the Pope: a library guide to the topic of papal conclaves.
		PDF file, print copies are available on the handouts stand next to the Reference Desk.
	www.lmu.edu /Page13019.aspx (102 words)

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