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Topic: List of paradoxes


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In the News (Tue 29 Dec 09)

  
  NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Paradoxical
A paradox is an apparently true statement or group of statements that seems to lead to a contradiction or to a situation that defies intuition, such as "This statement is false".
Paradoxes which are not based on a hidden error generally happen at the fringes of context or language, and require extending the context (or language) to lose their paradox quality.
Elevator paradox: Elevators can seem to be mostly going in one direction, as if they were being manufactured in the middle of the building and being disassembled on the roof and basement.
www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Paradoxical   (2141 words)

  
 Spartanburg SC | GoUpstate.com | Spartanburg Herald-Journal   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
A paradox is an apparently true statement or group of statements that leads to a contradiction or a situation which defies intuition.
Paradoxes which are not based on a hidden error generally happen at the fringes of context or language, and require extending the context or language to lose their paradoxical quality.
Paradoxes that arise from apparently intelligible uses of language are often of interest to logicians and philosophers.
www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=paradoxes   (685 words)

  
 health List_of_paradoxes - health-notes.com   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
Liar paradox: "This sentence is false." This is the canonical self-referential paradox.
Sorites paradox: One grain of sand is not a heap.
SAR paradox: Exceptions to the principle that a small change in a molecule causes a small change in its chemical behavior are frequently profound.
www.health-notes.com /List_of_paradoxes   (1078 words)

  
 List of paradoxes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of paradoxes, grouped thematically.
Liar paradox: "This sentence is false." This is the canonical self-referential paradox.
Supplee's paradox: the buoyancy of a relativistic object (such as a bullet) appears to change when the reference frame is changed from one in which the bullet is at rest to one in which the fluid is at rest.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_paradoxes   (2863 words)

  
 Paradox
A paradox (Gk: παράδοξος, "aside belief") is an apparently true statement or group of statements that leads to a contradiction or a situation which defies intuition.
The word paradox is often used interchangeably and wrongly with contradiction; but where a contradiction by definition cannot be true, many paradoxes do allow for resolution, though many remain unresolved or only contentiously resolved, such as Curry's paradox.
In fact, Zeno's paradoxes of multiplicity and motion, which revealed problems in the Greek idea of space and time, were resolvable only using mathematics discovered in the 19th century.
www.dejavu.org /cgi-bin/get.cgi?ver=93&url=http://articles.gourt.com/%22http%3A%2F%2Farticles.gourt.com%2F%3Farticle%3DParadox   (907 words)

  
 List of paradoxes   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
Drinker paradox: In any non-empty pub, there is a customer such that, if he or she drinks, everybody in the pub drinks.
Supplee's paradox: the buoyancy of a relativistic object (such as a bullet) appears to change when the reference frame is changed from one in which the bullet is at rest to one in which the fluid is at rest.
Epicurean paradox, or Problem of evil: The existence of evil seems to be incompatible with the existence of an omnipotent and caring God.
www.guideofpills.com /List_of_paradoxes.html   (2195 words)

  
 Paradox   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
The word paradox is often used interchangeably with contradiction; but where a contradiction by definition cannot be true, many paradoxes do allow of resolution, though many remain unresolved or only contentiously resolved (such as Curry's paradox).
Elevator paradox: Elevators can seem to be mostly going in one direction, as if they were being manufactured in the middle of the building and being disassembled on the roof and basement.
Abilene paradox: People can make decisions based not on what they actually want to do, but on what they think that other people want to do, with the result that everybody decides to do something that nobody really wants to do, but only what they thought that everybody else wanted to do.
paradox.iqnaut.net   (2229 words)

  
 Paradox - Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
A paradox is not what it is. Kind of like trying to maintain your composure when you are eating steak at your girlfriend's house and you tell her dad that it tastes like beef jerky.
Hot Paradox: The hotter someone is, the uglier they are, and vice-versa to infinity.
A Most Ingenious Paradox: This Paradox (a Most Ingenious Paradox):You are the victim of this clumsy arrangement, having been born in leap-year, on the twenty-ninth of February;And so, by a simple arithmetical process, you'll easily discover,That though you've lived twenty-one years, yet, if we go by birthdays, you're only five and a little bit over.
www.uncyclopedia.org /wiki/List_of_Paradoxes   (1434 words)

  
 Paradoxes Resolved, Origins Illuminated - More on Infinity
Those who "understand" Zeno's original eight paradoxes (and the ninth one introduced in Dark Matter) appreciate that the paradoxes are called paradoxes because they cut both ways: Whether space and time (and matter) are infinitely divisible, or whether there is a smallest possible unit, a logical problem exists.
Using a paradox in a context outside its domain is an Oxymoron schema.
This coincides with my view and that is we should take "paradoxes" in general to mean "flaws" in our theories and understanding of reality and should therefore be reluctant to place to much trust and emphasis in such theories as being reality.
www.metaresearch.org /msgboard/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=159   (4154 words)

  
 LINGUIST List 3.716: The Barber Paradox (Part 1)
As for the version given by Guy, we might allow that it is also paradoxical by 'linguistic sleight of hand', that is, by a kind of implicature of the natural language idiom that makes the original (material) implication understood as the contradictory biconditional.
This is how I have explained this paradox (and the heterological paradox, and the halting problem, and in fact all diagonalization arguments) to students: You have a square matrix M, all of whose cells contain either a 1 or a 0.
As presented in J. Guy's posting, the 'paradox' is reduced to: For every individual x in the Spanish town, Either x shaves x Or Pablo (the barber) shaves x And hence the 'paradox' is not a paradox.
www.linguistlist.org /issues/3/3-716.html   (1647 words)

  
 Logical Paradoxes [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
In fact an earlier paradox about the natural numbers had suggested that even they could not be consistently numbered: for they could be put into 1 to 1 correlation with the even numbers, for one thing, and yet there were surely more of them, since they included the odd numbers as well.
This paradox Cantor took to be avoided by his definition of the power of a set (N.B. not the power set of a set): his definition merely required two sets to be put into 1 to 1 correlation in order for them to have the same power.
Listing them would make them countable in the special sense of this which has been adopted, which amongst other things does not require there to be a last item counted.
www.utm.edu /research/iep/p/par-log.htm   (8953 words)

  
 Paradoxes
The basic paradox is the conflict between the nondeterminism of the state function reduction and the determinism of the Schrödinger equation.
I-You paradox disappears by noticing that the locus of the nondeterminism for the quantum jump associated with the moment of consciousness called 'I' is different from that associated with the moment called 'You'.
These paradoxes are encountered also in the quantum theories of consciousness identifying consciousness as a property of a macroscopic quantum state, say Bose Einstein condensate.
www.physics.helsinki.fi /~matpitka/parad.html   (2782 words)

  
 Energetics of the Earth
Among the problems commonly cited with various models of mantle thermal history are very high mantle temperatures in the Archaean, survival of ancient cratonic roots, komatiitic temperatures, over-heating of the lower mantle, freezing of the core, an imbalance between the helium and heat flow budgets and a perceived missing heat source.
Chemical stratification (Reference List B) of the mantle slows down cooling of the Earth but the upward concentration of radioactive elements reduces the time between heat generation and surface heat flow.
Paradoxes such as the “missing heat source problem” can be traced to non-realistic assumptions and initial and boundary conditions.
www.mantleplumes.org /Energetics.html   (4751 words)

  
 Some Paradoxes in American Jewish Life by Gerald Bubis
The second paradox: We are a people who revere the elderly in our teachings and yet probably are facing the first generation of Jews who resent the elderly because there are now two generations of elderly to support.
The paradox is when one adds up all the money that these Jews give as a function of the percentage of their wealth, our poor grandparents were giving proportionately more money for tzedakah from their resources than the Jews today.
The fourteenth paradox: America is probably the first community in our history to try to hide away our elderly and our aged by using institutions and single-generation communities as a way of serving the elderly away from multi-generatonal living.
www.jcpa.org /jl/hit14.htm   (1943 words)

  
 paradoxes - Ask.com Web Search
Here are ten examples of paradox and some thoughts on their resolution.
Russell's paradox is the most famous of the logical or set-theoretical paradoxes.
The paradoxes inherent in the idea of time travel are explained in the context of modern physics; by Tim Maudlin.
search.ask.com /web?q=paradoxes   (221 words)

  
 List of paradoxes   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
Barber paradox: The adult male barber who shaves all men who do not shave themselves, and no-one else.
A professional organisation once found that economists with a Ph.D actually had a lower average salary than those with a BS — but this was found to be due to the fact that those with a Ph.D worked in academia, where salaries are generally lower.
Arrow's paradox: No voting system meets all of a certain set of criteria when there are three or more choices.
www.abitabouteverything.com /files/l/li/list_of_paradoxes.html   (1913 words)

  
 The Paradox of the Liar
Specifically, a set could not belong to another set of the same type, as it has to belong to a set of the next highest type, and so a set can never be a member of itself.
Readers may wonder whether Russell's Paradox is a problem only in the foundations of mathematics or if it actually occurs in real life.
Now consider a specific disability not named in the list: if it was not on this list then this clause includes it in the list so it is on the list; if it is on the list then the clause says it is not on the list.
www.philosophers.co.uk /cafe/paradox2.htm   (802 words)

  
 Amazon.com: Paradoxes: Books: R. M. Sainsbury   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
It provides a valuable and accessible introduction to a range of paradoxes and their possible solutions, with questions designed to engage the reader with the arguments and full bibliographical references to both classic and current literature on the topic.
As a beginner in the study of philosophy, I have frequently read that the study of paradoxes is a waste of time, that paradoxes add little to the appreciation of philosophy as a whole.
Perhaps he makes some errors in his analysis of the paradoxes, but others will have to judge that, not I. In addition to the "fun" of paradoxes, he also relates them to more general problems of philosophy, which I was better able to absorb.
www.amazon.com /Paradoxes-R-M-Sainsbury/dp/0521483476   (1991 words)

  
 Study Guide: The American System – Chapters 1 – 2
List the paradoxes the authors discuss and an example for each
Make a list of all the ways that the bureaucracy can sabotage the political appointees and ways that the appointee can deal with such sabotage.
List the differences between a president and a prime minister.
home.att.net /~betsynewmark3/StudyGuideUnit8Chapter12and13.htm   (720 words)

  
 [No title]
This is not the only paradox that exists with regard to the care of the terminally ill. Wednesday the Knesset completed legislation on the issue, based on a proposal by a committee of dozens of experts, doctors, rabbis, philosophers, and theologians representing a wide swath of Israeli society.
And there is another paradox: If a patient’s suffering in short, for he indeed does want to die, we will be able to allow him to die and to relieve his suffering.
The biggest paradox might be the stronghold on life, as well as values such as love, hope, faith, human dignity and mutual respect; a devotion that is occasionally heroic, against all odds, in the presence of death itself as well as tortuous suffering that is even worse than death.
www.ynetnews.com /articles/0,7340,L-3180888,00.html   (1095 words)

  
 Paradoxes Resolved, Origins Illuminated
The results of these two inquiries ultimately leads one to the conclusion that the study and process of economics is really only a branch of physics, --which explains why economics have never been abel to devise a theory of money to explain the underlying dynamics of an economic system.
Since scientific paradoxes are really nested within one another, their progressive resolution as they are encountered leads to an increasingly inclusive perspective.
In Post Paradox Economics, I outlined the unfolding progression of relationships by which a single feedback principle is revealed to be at the heart of the most intricate expressions.
www.metaresearch.org /msgboard/post.asp?method=ReplyQuote&REPLY_ID=1225&TOPIC_ID=115&FORUM_ID=6   (5504 words)

  
 The Energy Paradoxes
In this note, a number of the more evident of these paradoxes are explored in the same style as employed by Professor Handy in his book which has now become widely recognized as a major contribution to the understanding of some of the more important dilemmas of our time.
The paradox of fighting inflation with monetary techniques when the rise in prices is caused by increases in the price of oil imposed unilaterally by external producers.
The paradox of the application of gas turbines to the generation of electricity from natural gas when carbon dioxide must be controlled.
pages.ca.inter.net /~jhwalsh/enpara.html   (1868 words)

  
 Mailing list: Paper I: Paradoxes in Copyright Protection of Software   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
Paradoxes in Copyright Protection of Software When one scrutinizes the legal monopoly on software, confusion may arise as to whether software, although de jure protected under copyright law, is really protected under a “pure” copyright law system.
My observation of paradoxes in the intellectual property system on software have led me to conclude that software is actually protected by a contradictory mixture of copyright, patent, and trade secret legal system.
However, a strange phenomenon appears in the field of copyright protection on software in that, although software is published and copyrighted, it is still a trade secret --- source code of the software is kept highly confidential.
old.law.columbia.edu /LIS/discuss/231.html   (166 words)

  
 growabrain: Lists Archives
The list of -isms is a list of words that have the –ism suffix.
List of ZIP Codes in the United States, Acts of Parliament in the United Kingdom, List of American cheeses, and any kind of other lists you can imagine from wikipedia
Lists of heads of state and heads of government (and, in certain cases, de facto leaders not occupying either of those formal positions) of all countries and territories, going back to about 1700 in most cases
growabrain.typepad.com /growabrain/lists/index.html   (2357 words)

  
 School of Names (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
This suggests that the list of paradoxes associated with him was still fluid at the time of Xunzi's writing.
Several of the paradoxes focus on negating commonsense distinctions, in particular spatial and temporal ones, partly by appeal to the relativity of comparisons and partly by appeal to indexicals (Hansen 1992: 262).
Interestingly, this paradox combines spatial and temporal relations, since in addition to the distinction between today and yesterday, there is the spatial movement from here to Yue (a state in the south).
plato.stanford.edu /entries/school-names   (13379 words)

  
 The laws list
The laws list is a list of various laws, rules, principles, and other related topics in physics and astronomy.
Then, because of their similarity, I began adding rules to the list (after all, in physics, there is generally no difference between a law and a rule).
Now, the list is more of a minidictionary of physics and astronomy terms, rather than strictly a list of laws, rules, and so forth; however, for historical reasons I still refer to it as the laws list, even though it is something of a misnomer.
www.alcyone.com /max/physics/laws   (142 words)

  
 Paradoxes that Disprove God
You see, the paradox in fact turns out to be nothing more than a word game based on our ignorance of the subject matter.
Paradox, Wittgenstien so helpfully points out, is merely the effect of an imperfect language operating on the realm of pure reason.
If there's a paradox present it's not because it actually exists, but rather because your language and expression of the idea is flawed.
www.pointlesswasteoftime.com /smf/index.php?topic=6012.0   (4999 words)

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