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	Protoscience - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Protoscience is a term sometimes used to describe a hypothesis which has not yet been tested adequately by the scientific method, but which is otherwise consistent with existing science or which, where inconsistent, offers reasonable account of the inconsistency.
		While protoscience is often speculative, it is to be distinguished from pseudoscience by its adherence to the scientific method and standard practices of good science, most notably a willingness to be disproven by new evidence (if and when it appears), or supplanted by a more-predictive theory.
		The most famous modern example of protosciences might be the theory of continental drift as originally proposed by Alfred Wegener (which eventually became an accepted scientific model when the mechanisms of plate tectonics became understood).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Protoscience (413 words)

	List of protosciences - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It includes any protosciences or, in other words, any new area of scientific endeavor in the process of becoming established.
		This list includes science fields and science theories presented in accordance with known evidence, and a body of associated predictions have been made according to that theory, but the predictions have not yet been tested.
		Brane cosmology is a protoscience motivated by, but not rigorously derived from, superstring theory and M-theory.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_protosciences (797 words)

	Read about Protoscience at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Protoscience and learn about Protoscience here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		While protoscience is often speculative, it is to be distinguished from
		scientific method can also be regarded as protosciences.
		parapsychology are nearer the boundary between protoscience and
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Protoscience (320 words)

	Encyclopedia: Protoscience
		Main article: List of protosciences This is a list of protosciences.
		Such fields as acupuncture, cold fusion, and lucid dreaming can also be categorized as protosciences, pending more evidence and theoretical underpinning.
		Parapsychology is the study of the evidence involving phenomena where a person seems to affect or to gain information about something through a means not currently explainable within the framework of mainstream, conventional science.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Protoscience (1640 words)

	Talk:List of protosciences - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Social Darwinism is a set of theories which proponents argue govern the natural sociological relations of humanity; these theories are derived from Darwin's theory of evolution.
		Please list the reasons for the deletions [otherwise it seens as on par to vandalism; and will be readded].
		Economics is a protoscience because economists don't yet have the tools to come up with verifiable results.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:List_of_protosciences (727 words)

	Talk:Pseudoscience
		Also mentioned on the list is cryptozoology, which also is a valid field of study (as mentioned in that article), but also attracts a lot of non-scientists and isn't really considered scientific.
		Deleting any single item from the list implies a POV that the deleter somehow has an insight that others don't have, and that there is something special about his pet subject that makes it les pseudoscientific than the others.
		Further, if for example homeopathy were on the list, there should be at least one statement in the list from say the medical community like JAMA or the FDA about homeopathy in general or criticism of a particular homeopathic treatment like the uses of colloidal silver.
	www.termsdefined.net /ta/talk:pseudoscience.html (11174 words)

	Protoscience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		MAGAZINES The Review of Metaphysics 9/1/2003 Schlagel, Richard H. correspondence (Archimedes) or as legatees (Galen and Ptolemy) were the originators of axiomatic geometry and what we now refer to as protoscience: for example, Euclid, Herophilus, Erasistratus, Apollonius, Heraclides, Hipparchus, and Aristarchus.
		The Ancients The Ancients observed nature, observed the night sky, and developed a protoscience that combined astronomy with theology and mathematics (as in the case of Stonehenge).
		Proclus is pointing out the derivative character of geometry, as protoscience, with respect to both a certain disclosure or awareness of earth and the presupposition of earth in practices that, while...
	hallencyclopedia.com /Protoscience (607 words)

	Protoscience:Wikicities Tour - Protoscience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Protosciences are areas of scientific endeavor in the process of becoming established.
		Protoscience is often speculative, but it is to be distinguished from pseudoscience by its adherence to the scientific method.
		The most active part of the Protoscience Wikicity is exploring the possibility of a Science of the soul.
	protoscience.wikicities.com /wiki/Protoscience:Wikicities_Tour (184 words)

	biorhythm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		These discoveries, among others, have shown that people are affected by physiological, emotional and intellectual rhythms (thouigh the exact relationships to the biorhythm cycles are not precisely understood).
		Studies in this (some say, self-described) protoscience are still being done regarding the effects of biorhythm on the human condition.
		These can be seen on www.jacynthacrawley.com where over 500 research publications and various research projects are also listed.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /biorhythm.html (1334 words)

	Protoscience - Protoscience
		Alchemy is an example of a Protoscience that led to useful research such as exploration of the chemical nature of materials.
		Protoscience is often science in search of new methods for the study of aspects of the universe that have so far avoided scientific analysis.
		The development of some protosciences can be delayed because our exisiting conceptual systems make us cognitively closed to some new ideas.
	protoscience.wikicities.com /wiki/Protoscience (236 words)

	Main Page - Protoscience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Are you new to wiki or new to protoscience?
		The term protoscience is used to describe a new area of scientific endeavor in the process of becoming established.
		The Protoscience wikicity was created in order to provide a place for exploration of the idea that there can be a science of the soul.
	protoscience.wikicities.com (715 words)

	List of protosciences (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This list includesscience fields and science theories presented in accordance with known evidence, and a body of associated predictions have beenmade according to that theory, but the predictions have not yet been tested.
		Some protosciences go on to become an widely accepted part of science, such as plate tectonics which eventually became anaccepted scientific model.
		If their followers refuse to accept thefalsification of their theories, protoscience can then become pseudoscience.
	www.therfcc.org /list-of-protosciences-38045.html (777 words)

	Dynamic theory of gravity - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		When the issues regarding this page have been resolved, remove this notice and the listing, but please do not remove this notice until the article has been fixed.
		Nikola Tesla's dynamic theory of gravity was an attempt to ascertain a theory between gravitational radiation and the electromagnetic force as a unified field theory (a model over matter and energy).
		Other: Physics, Theory, List of protosciences, List of alternative, speculative and disputed theories, Generalized theory of gravitation
	open-encyclopedia.com /Dynamic_theory_of_gravity (1216 words)

	Anomalistics The Perspective
		Anomalistics is primarily concerned with the claims of protoscientists, for they seek entry into the scientific community and agree to play by the rules of scientific method.
		Perhaps the most advanced of the protosciences is parapsychology since it, unlike cryptozoology or ufology has obtained an affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
		Anomalistics attempts an integrative overview of all the protosciences and their relations with the accepted sciences.
	www.skepticalinvestigations.org /anomalistics/perspective.htm (1973 words)

	List of protosciences -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		List of protosciences -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		This is a list of (Click link for more info and facts about protoscience) protosciences.
		If their followers refuse to accept the falsification of their theories, protoscience can then become regarded as (An activity resembling science but based on fallacious assumptions) pseudoscience.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/L/Li/List_of_protosciences.htm (699 words)

	[WikiEN-l] Protoscience category
		Haukur Þorgeirsson (haukurth at hi.is) [050629 23:27]: > >The current article on [[Alternative medicine]] has suffered a bad case of > >Gohde and could do with a lot of cleaning up, but the Category links to > >Pseudoscience and Protoscience get the point across IMO (having as it does > >both).
		I started the category for the sake of [[Alternative medicine]] and added stuff from [[List of protosciences]] to it as I thought were sensible.
		We need a handy NPOV definition of "protoscience" that divides these things up elegantly.
	mail.wikipedia.org /pipermail/wikien-l/2005-June/025402.html (221 words)

	Drummond, Idaho . Fremont County, Idaho . 2000 . United States Census Bureau . Race (U.S. Census) . Marriage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		List of metropolitan areas by population List of places with fewer than ten people...
		The player guides an ambitious youth trying to eat an ice cream cone before it melts, while being pursued by four angry chefs.
		Related : protosciences, pseudosciences Compare with : List of alternative, speculative and disputed theories...
	www.uk.fraquisanto.net /Drummond,_Idaho (366 words)

	173pseudo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The issues of protoscience and pseudoscience belong to philosophy, like the issue of the so-called “scientific method.” But they are certainly worth discussing with students.
		The boundaries between pseudoscience, protoscience, and "real" science are often unclear to non-specialist observers.
		may be categorized as protosciences; there is a reasonable expectation that as they are experimentally examined, they may produce some scientifically valid results.
	blake.montclair.edu /~kowalskil/cf/173pseudo.html (1737 words)

	GuruNet — Content Map (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
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	www.gurunet.com /cm-dsid-2222-letter-1L-first-25201 (69 words)

	Protoscience - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Memetics, the study of hypothetical self-reproducing ideas called memes.
		This page was last modified 20:36, 20 Jun 2005.
		Protoscience, Examples of protosciences, See also and External Links.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Protoscience (427 words)

	Laura Lee Show - Guest Listings for July 2000
		Charles demonstrates that for tens of thousands of years the protosciences of map-making, astronomy, calendars, navigation and architecture all originated in Africa.
		Fred explores the deep connection between the observer and the observed, the manifest and unmanifest.
		Jerry Jones, along with co-author Anne Cushman, a senior editor at Yoga Journal magazine, compiled the most comprehensive list to date of the hundreds of yogis, gurus, ashrams, yoga retreats, and temples of India, all welcoming Westerners.
	www.lauralee.com /showhistory/jul2000.htm (1469 words)

	Alternative Disputed Speculative Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This list of alternative, speculative and disputed theories includes examples of fields of endeavor that many...
		Theory, Nikola Tesla, Plasma cosmology, Gravity, List of protosciences, Theoretical physics, History of physics, List of alternative, speculative and disputed...
		A pseudoscience is any body of knowledge purported to be scientific or supported by science but which fails to comply with the scientific method.
	riskmgmt.biz /mysite/economics%20TE2.2/alternative-disputed-speculative-theory.html (1115 words)

	Pseudoscience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The testing of pseudoscience, by contrast, is characteristically wanting, occasionally untestable, and frequently unresponsive to accepted means; accordingly, scientific methods often fail to disprove pseudoscientific hypotheses (particularly untestable claims).
		The boundaries between pseudoscience, protoscience, and "real" science are often unclear.
		Such fields as acupuncture and lucid dreaming may be categorized as protosciences; there is a reasonable expectation that as they are experimentally examined, they may produce some scientifically valid results.
	www.dealreviews.com /glossary/astronomy/pseudoscience_1.shtml (1673 words)

	Protoscience-l Info Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Discussions of the process by which protosciences mature into accepted subdisciplines within the scientific community.
		The protoscience wiki will make use of accepted methods of scientific study and attempt to identify new methods that will allow protosciences to become more integrated into conventional science.
		This is a private list, which means that the list of members is not available to non-members.
	www.wikicities.com /mailman/listinfo/protoscience-l (295 words)

	Protoscience Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Looking For protoscience - Find protoscience and more at Lycos Search.
		Find protoscience - Your relevant result is a click away!
		*List Your Site Here for Free: Simply link to this page from your website and a reciprocal link back to your referring page will automatically appear above.
	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Category:Protoscience (266 words)

	Biorhythm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		These discoveries, among others, have shown that people are affected by physiological, emotionaland intellectual rhythms (thouigh the exact relationships to the biorhythm cycles are not precisely understood).
		Studies in this(some say, self-described) protoscience are still being doneregarding the effects of biorhythm on the human condition.
		These can be seen on www.jacynthacrawley.com where over 500 research publications and various researchprojects are also listed.
	www.therfcc.org /biorhythm-5962.html (1268 words)

	howard rheingold's \| tools for thought (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In Egypt and Babylonia, where systems for measuring land and forecasting the course of the stars originated, only the priests and their chosen craftsmen were privileged to know the esoteric arts of reckoning.
		In order to create a "game," we need to make a list that specifies the number of the instruction that is being followed at every step as well as the number of the instruction that is to be followed next.
		When the assembler follows the instructions in the assembly language programs, using machine language to talk to the microprocessor, the virtual machine meets the actual machine, and the computer is able to accomplish the specified task for the human who started the whole process.
	www.rheingold.com /texts/tft/3.html (7707 words)

	The Lure of the Edge: CHAPTER THREE
		Should the evidential demands made by debunkers on behalf of the scientific community not be forbidding enough, ufology was further marginalized by having the contributions of its scientist members to peer-reviewed journals rejected and their research grant requests turned down.
		These two analyses of deviant sciences—one considering them as possible protosciences, the other depicting them as a sort of "missionary arm" of science in dialog with the transcendent—accurately reflect the ideological tensions that have hounded the UFO community almost from its inception.
		Because the level of scientific training differed widely among the general membership, and because UFO research had unique features requiring a distinctive methodology, MUFON sought to improve the quality and consistency of its UFO investigations by producing a manual and testing procedures for certification of field investigators.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/9018/9018.ch03.html (17130 words)

	Encyclopedia: List of protoscience
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	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/List-of-protoscience (533 words)

	electric minds \| tools for thought
		In an axiomatic system you start with premises that are known to be true, and rules that are known to be valid, in order to produce new statements that are guaranteed to be true.
		The list of instructions is what turns the universal Turing machine into the doubling machine.
		They are only symbols for states of a process--markers in a "doubling game." The list of instructions (the program) is what enables the machine to double the input number.
	www.abbedon.com /electricminds/html/tom_tools_3.html (7623 words)

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