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Topic: List of quasars

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	List of quasars
		The general consensus is that this high redshift is cosmological, the result of Hubble's law, which implies that quasars must be very distant and must emit more energy than dozens of normal galaxies.
		Some quasars display rapid changes in luminosity, which implies that they are small (an object cannot change faster than the time it takes light to travel from one end to the other; but see J1819+3845 for another explanation).
		The highest redshift currently known for a quasar is 6.4.
	quasars.com.ru (112 words)

	The Universe of Motion: Chapter 25
		The relation of the number of visible quasars to the distance has been a matter of much interest to the astronomers because of the bearing that it has, or may have, on the question as to whether the density of matter in the universe is decreasing, as required by the Big Bang cosmological theory.
		The visibility limits for the quasars of the various classes have therefore been determined empirically from the minimum luminosities of the observed Class II quasars; that is, it is assumed for present purposes that the limiting luminosity actually observed approximates the true limit.
		Quasars originating nearby and moving out to a greater distance have passed out of the Class I stage before traveling this far, whereas most of those originating beyond 0.500 are cut off by the rapidly rising visibility limit, which is up to 0.128 at this point.
	www.reciprocalsystem.com /um/um25.htm (7384 words)

	World Almanac for Kids
		QUASAR, acronym for quasi-stellar radio source, any of the blue, starlike objects that are strong radio emitters and the spectra of which exhibit a strong red shift.
		Quasars were identified as sources of intense radio emission in the late 1950s.
		One known cause of red shift is the doppler effect, which shifts the wavelength of emitted light of celestial objects toward the red (longer wavelengths) when the objects are moving away from the earth because of the expansion of the universe.
	www.worldalmanacforkids.com /explore/space/quasar.html (548 words)

	QUASARS: NEAR VERSUS FAR
		All observed characteristics of quasars are customarily interpreted using the standard Big Bang model and the assumption that their redshifts are primarily due to the expansion of the universe.
		Quasars formed and died during a limited period of evolution of the universe.
		The magnetic field is that of the local parent galaxy of the quasar.
	www.metaresearch.org /cosmology/QuasarsNearVersusFar.asp (1145 words)

	The Brightest Quasars
		Listed below are all 17 quasars with apparent magnitudes brighter than 15.0, according to the Sky Catalogue 2000.0, plus those 3 with peak brightness brighter 13.0 magnitudes according to John Isles' Webb Society Deep Sky Observer's Handbook Vol 8: Variable Stars.
		PG: Palomar-Green List of Bright Quasars, ApJ 269, 352, 1983
		RA/Dec coordinates for 2000.0, Con constellations, mag visual magnitudes (unless marked "p" for photographic) with "v" indicating variability, z redshift, Notes gives "BL" for BL Lacertaes and peak brightness (all but Mrk 421 from Isles).
	www.seds.org /~spider/spider/Misc/qso.html (156 words)

	Proper Motions and Distances of Quasars (Site not responding. Last check: )
		We list these 30 quasars in Table 1 together with their coordinate names, galactic coordinates, estimated photographic magnitude (mpg values are from Luyten, 1969), the absolute proper motion and the mean error present in its determination were obtained as follows,
		Quasars having proper motions less that 0.015 arcsec/yr have 99.996 percent of the volume of the galaxy and the galactic halo available to them.
		Again assuming that the distribution of quasars and planetary nuclei are similar, this would indicate that the 'average' quasar is intrinsically fainter than the 'average' planetary nucleus.
	laserstars.org /V1982/photographic.html (1073 words)

	A Hotlist on Quasars (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Quasars, or quasi-stellar objects (QSOs), are enormously bright objects at the edge of the Universe that emit massive amounts of energy.
		They are: Quasars were first discovered as mysterious ''quasi-stellar'' radio sources, quasars are very far away; thus, we see them as they were very long ago, and that quasars are the ultra luminous nuclei of galaxies, powered by fl holes.
		Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei - Because a lot of informative websites only provide text and not actual photographs, graphs, or charts about the information, I thought it would be important to include in my hotlist information dedicated purely to images of quasars.
	www.kn.pacbell.com /wired/fil/pages/listquasarsel.html (2701 words)

	Quasars
		Quasars (quasi-stellar objects) are objects of small angular size and immense power output.
		These first quasars to be discovered were strong radio sources.
		The huge power output is believed to be fueled by interactions between the central fl hole and a surrounding "accretion disk": a disk of matter that gathers around the fl hole in the galactic nucleus.
	www.nrao.edu /imagegallery/php/level2a.php?class=AGN&subclass=Quasars (199 words)

	UA astronomers report the widest lensed quasar
		Quasars, compact but luminous objects thought to be powered by super-massive fl holes, are billions of light-years away.
		One way to investigate dark matter is to study lensed quasars, quasars that have a celestial object such as a galaxy directly between them and Earth.
		So seeing two quasars quite close together indicates the possibility that rather than two quasars, the astronomer is seeing the light from one quasar being bent in a way that generates duplicate images of the quasar.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-01/uoa-uar122303.php (921 words)

	[No title]
		In this connection it is significant that all of the quasars listed in the upper section of the Burbidge Table 3.7, the quasars with mare than one absorption line, have redshifts in the neighborhood of 2.00.
		While each quasar as a whole is moving at a speed in excess of the speed of light, and the same is true of most of the constituent stars, the particles of matter of which these stars are composed are mainly moving at less-than-unit speeds in the early stages of the existence of the quasar.
		The quasar state is an integral part of the physical cycle; it is the connecting link between the old in the material sector of the universe and the new in the inverse, or cosmic, sector.
	www.reciprocalsystem.com /qp/qp10.htm (5246 words)

	The Largest Structure in the Distant Universe (Site not responding. Last check: )
		If the concentration of galaxies and quasars is caused by a larger than usual amount of matter in the area, traditional theories of the evolution of the universe have difficulty explaining how gravity could pull extremely massive structures together over such a large distance, in such a relatively short time.
		The amount of matter connected with quasars and galaxies at such distances and distant times in the past is probably not be the same as we would measure in the local universe today, so it's very important to find out how much mass we are actually looking at in the supercluster.
		Quasars can form from merging galaxies, which are common in the centers of clusters, and also may form from the compression of gas where the edges of clusters of galaxies come together.
	www.gsfc.nasa.gov /gsfc/spacesci/origins/largecluster.htm (886 words)

	Press Release: NASA's Spitzer Finds Hidden, Hungry Black Holes
		Quasars are super-massive fl holes that are circled by a giant ring of gas and dust.
		They proposed that some quasars are positioned in such a way that their dusty rings hide their light, while others are buried in dust-drenched galaxies.
		All the objects were confirmed as quasars by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Very Large Array radio telescope in New Mexico and by the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council's William Herschel Telescope in Spain.
	www.spitzer.caltech.edu /Media/releases/ssc2005-17/release.shtml (688 words)

	Astronomy For Kids - Quasars - KidsAstronomy.com
		Quasars are about the size of our Solar System and produce more light and energy then 1000 galaxies.
		When we look at quasars which are 10-15 billion light years away, we are looking 10-15 billion years into the past.
		Quasars are probably super giant fl holes, which are devouring entire stars.
	www.kidsastronomy.com /quasar.htm (162 words)

	The Cosmological Constant and the Redshift of Quasars
		That quasar would then be 1600 times closer than expected from their red shift (when one has used the Doppler instead of the Hubble interpretation).
		It is surprising that quasars located at larger distances do not appear less bright, unless the redshift of quasars is not due to their great distance.
		If the distance of quasars is corrected due to their high effective temperature, one should be able to verify that the red shift-distance relationship of quasars fits the expected linear function (as in the case of galaxies) as expected by Narlikar
	www.newtonphysics.on.ca /QUASARS/Quasars.html (5810 words)

	Radio to X-ray Observation of Quasars (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Quasars are the brightest, most powerful objects known in the universe today.
		The main differences between the two well-established classes of quasars: radio-loud and radio-quiet, are the slope of the X-ray spectrum and the strength of the mm break, with the radio-loud objects having ~3 orders of magnitude stronger radio emission and flatter X-ray slopes.
		In a study of the SEDs of quasars, we wish to determine the SED as it was emitted by the quasar rather than as it appears to us.
	cadcwww.dao.nrc.ca /ADASS/adass_proc/adass3/papers/wilkesb/wilkesb.html (2710 words)

	The physics of quasars (Site not responding. Last check: )
		We have noted earlier that there is a continuity in the optical spectra of ten quasars and those of of O VI sequence planetary nuclei and stars.
		We have searched for quasars in Luyten's list and have found that there are 30 quasars, in addition to those considered in Luyten et al.
		The distance of NGC 7293 is estimated to be 212 pc; from this it would be reasonable to estimate that the quasars PHL 1033, LB 8956 and LB 8991 lie within a few hundred parsecs from the sun.
	laserstars.org /V1979/motion.html (241 words)

	Great Intergalactic Cobwebs
		Helium gas between us and quasar HE2347-4342 revealed its presence to FUSE by absorbing specific "colors" or wavelengths of the quasar's light in the far-ultraviolet region of the spectrum.
		At least, that's what astronomers calculated from how much spectral lines (specific wavelengths or colors) were red-shifted (moved toward longer wavelengths) from their normal positions by the expansion of the Universe.
		Thus, by studying different red-shifted wavelengths of the quasar's spectrum, investigators were able to trace through time how the transparency (ionization) of the intergalactic "cobwebs" waxed and waned as the Universe expanded and evolved.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2002/19apr_fuse.htm?list98475 (1319 words)

	Comparison of Cosmological Distances with Historical, Paleontological, and Geological Time, as of 1993
		Messier's list of 103 objects was published in 1781.
		Quasars (Quasi-Stellar Objects, or QSO's) are among the most mysterious objects in the universe.
		Some quasars appear to be in the middle of galaxies, and it is theorized that they all are.
	www.friesian.com /time2.htm (2762 words)

	Chapter 27 - Quasars, Blazars, and Active Galaxies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Quasars are unusual in that their spectra show
		If quasars are as distant as their redshifts would imply, they must be some of the most
		List two pieces of observational evidence that link quasars and galaxies and establish them at their Hubble distance.
	www.louisville.edu /~jsmill01/newast192/AST192f18.html (407 words)

	SDSS Quasars
		The SDSS has found thousands of quasars, including 26 of the 30 most distant quasars ever seen.
		These quasars have been found in only the first few percent of the sky to be mapped!
		To look at the properties of large numbers of quasars, you are going to use a search tool to retrieve information on a thousand quasars at once.
	cas.sdss.org /dr4/en/proj/advanced/quasars/query.asp (367 words)

	[No title]
		I.e., the list will contain a pair (i,j) if j is a neighbor of i but not vice versa.
		) type ('a,'b) player = 'a -> 'b list* -> 'b;; (* A match is put together from the game rules, display functions, the players (there should be one for each player in the rules), and a time limit on moves.
		When it is your turn to move, click on a map location, and press a key for the tile type ('b' for fl hole, 'q' for quasar, or the desired digit.
	www.eecs.harvard.edu /~avi/CS281r/F01/constel.ml (1224 words)

	Bill Keel's WWW Gallery - Active Galaxies and Quasars
		Quasars and their kin remain among the most fascinating and mysterious of cosmic phenomena.
		An essay on quasar astronomy after forty years, being the Director's Cut of an article first written for Astronomy magazine.
		The hidden quasar nucleus in the ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS 09104+4109
	www.astr.ua.edu /keel/agn (437 words)

	Luminous Quasar Discovery
		The extinction-corrected colors are in relatively good agreement with the evolutionary path of colors of quasars at various redshifts as derived by Cristiani and Vio (1990).
		In Figure 2, we compare PDS 456 with all the quasars in the list of Véron-Cetty and Véron (1996).
		This value is significantly flatter than usually found for quasars and Seyfert 1 galaxies (Edelson and Malkan 1986), which confirms the suggestion given by the slopes in the infrared that this quasar is relatively dust free.
	ecf.hq.eso.org /~ralbrech/sepdec97apjl/975383.html (2513 words)

	Open Questions: Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei
		A version of this list is at Google, with entries sorted in "page rank" order.
		Quasars at z=6: the survival of the fittest
		Quasars are powered by supermassive fl holes at the centers of certain galaxies.
	www.openquestions.com /oq-as006.htm (605 words)

	Research Interests (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A list of the galaxies with the highest confirmed redshifts can be found here.
		A list of the quasars with the highest confirmed redshifts can be found here.
		An up to date list of GRB redshifts is maintained by P.
	www.astro.wisc.edu /~stanway/research.html (108 words)

	UA Astronomers Use MMT to Detect the Widest Lensed Quasar
		UA Astronomers Use MMT to Detect the Widest Lensed Quasar
		In that case astronomers refer to the celestial body as a gravitational lens, because gravity from the object bends the quasar's light, much as the lens from a magnifying glass bends and refocuses light.
		He thought that might be the case because both quasars appeared to have the same redshift, a number analogous to the distance from Earth.
	www.as.arizona.edu:8080 /Astro/1074196772/index_html (924 words)

	SDSS1204-0021
		On that list the brightest quasar with z>5 is an object called SDSS1204-0021 found by the Sloane Digital Sky Survey.
		Here is the data from the SDSS Object Explorer As you can see it has a z=5.109 and shines at mag 20.63 in red and 19.16 in the infrared band.
		Most other z>5 objects on the list appearing on Kenneficks page seem to be a couple of magnitudes fainter.
	web.qx.net /lhaddix/sdss.htm (1034 words)

	Amazon.com: Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei: Books: Ajit K. Kembhavi,Jayant V. Narlikar (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Following these strides in AGN research, new books that seek to summarize the state of current research are welcome.
		We are led through all the key topics, including quasar surveys, continuum radiation, time variability, relativistic beaming, accretion disks, jet sidedness, gravitational lensing, unification and detailed, multi-wavelength studies of individual objects.
		The discovery of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs or quasars) in 1963 represents a landmark in observational astronomy.
	www.amazon.com /Quasars-Active-Galactic-Nuclei-Kembhavi/dp/0521479894 (909 words)

	DataFederationandDataMining < Astrogrid < TWiki
		We are more concerned with mining data from source catalogues, which are lists of sources of radiation (such as stars and galaxies) detected in images of the sky.
		It also allows one to answer questions like: "give me a list of quasars located in areas where their density is larger than 15 objects per square degree".
		A more serious limitation, in my opinion, is that if you upload a list of S sources and cross-match with T tables, you get a total of (S × T) separate tables returned; if you want to merge them you have to do it yourself.
	wiki.astrogrid.org /bin/view/Astrogrid/DataFederationandDataMining?sortcol=1&table=1&up=0 (9056 words)

	[No title]
		Hoeg 16 May 2000 In planning a talk on GAIA I find it useful to have make a list of the viewgraphs to be used.
		I therefore made the list given below, inluding the page number in your file of viewgraphs.
		The numbers in the list correspond to the pagenumbers in the file of May 2, 2000.
	www.astro.ku.dk /~erik/gaia/viewgraphs.list (171 words)

	Energy from a Black Hole
		Begelman said the energy lost in MCG-6-30-15 is transferred to the inner edge of the accretion disk, a flow of gas swirling around and eventually falling into the fl hole.
		MCG 6-30-15 is not a quasar, but Begelman said the theory can still apply because it predicts that the magnetic field might also link to the disk.
		ASCA, a Japanese X-ray satellite, found possible evidence of a spinning fl hole in 1994, but the signal was too weak to observe any evidence of energy being extracted from the fl hole.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2001/ast23oct_1.htm?list79629 (1124 words)

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