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	Socialism
		Socialist models and ideas are said by many socialists (most notably Frederick Engels) to be traceable to the dawn of human social history, being an inherent feature of human nature and early human social models.
		There is general agreement among socialists and non-socialists that a socialist economy would not include private or estate ownership of large enterprises; there is less agreement on whether any such enterprises would be owned by society at large or (at least in some cases) owned cooperatively by their own workers.
		Socialists further point to the free will that they believe is inherent in every human being and to the variety of social structures that have existed in human history, using them to support the claim that no type of behaviour is fixed in stone.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/s/so/socialism_1.html (5836 words)

	Socialism
		Early socialists differed widely about how socialism was to be achieved; they differed sharply on key issues such as centralized versus decentralized control, the role of private property, the degree of egalitarianism, and the organization of family and community life.
		Within the government, socialists became more pragmatic, as the success of their program increasingly depended on the consent of the middle and wealthy classes, who largely retained control of the bureaucratic machinery of the state.
		Western European socialists were under intense pressure to refashion their parties in the late 1980s and early 1990s and to reconcile their traditional economic programs with the integration of a European economic community based on liberalizing markets.
	www.wikipediaondvd.com /nav/art/i/i.html (3927 words)

	Libertarian socialism - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Libertarian socialists played a dominant role in the Mexican Revolution of 1911...And twenty years after World War I was over, libertarian socialists were still strong enough to spearhead the most successful revolution against capitalism to ever take place in any industrial economy, the social revolution that swept across Republican Spain in 1936 and 1937.
		Libertarian socialists typically oppose rigid and stratified structures of authority, be it political, economic, or social, insofar as they generate or reinforce class divisions based on property or social status, and inasmuch as they are judged obstacles to the generalized fostering of capabilities for self-management.
		Libertarian socialists believe that all social bonds should be developed by individuals who have an equal amount of bargaining power, that an accumulation of economic power in the hands of a few and the centralization of political power both reduce the bargaining power—and thus the liberty of the other individuals in society.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Libertarian_socialism (4864 words)

	Communism \| Topic Definition \| Find the Meaning and Define the Answer of Communism
		The communist movement differentiates itself from other branches of the socialist movement through various things - such as, for example, the communists' desire to establish a communist system after the socialist one, and their commitment to revolutionary strategies for overthrowing capitalism.
		However, these countries were generally not seen as democratic by anyone except their leadership, and were not seen as socialistic by any (non-communist) socialists living outside their borders.
		Some eventually concluded that a socialist society could be created without revolution, and could be brought about through the process of reforming existing capitalist institutions.
	www.thefreeencyclopedia.com /definition/word.aspx?w=Communism (4236 words)

	Socialism at AllExperts
		Early socialists differed widely about how socialism was to be achieved; they differed sharply on key issues such as centralized versus decentralized control, the role of private property, the degree of egalitarianism, and the organization of family and community life.
		Western European socialists were under intense pressure to refashion their parties in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and to reconcile their traditional economic programs with the integration of a European economic community based on liberalizing markets.
		Criticisms of socialism range from disagreements over the efficiency of socialist economic and political models, to condemnation of states described by themselves or others as "socialist." Many economic liberals dispute that the more even distribution of wealth advocated by socialists can be achieved without what they perceive as a loss of political or economic freedoms.
	en.allexperts.com /e/s/so/socialism.htm (3663 words)

	What Do Socialists Stand For?
		Indeed, socialists are very concerned about the injustice and social ills in the world today—hunger, poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, disease, war, the exploitation of workers, the oppression of nations, races, women, and gays, the destruction of the environment, and the threat of nuclear annihilation.
		A socialist government of the United States would end this country's oppression of Third World nations because it would not be defending corporate profit there but would be encouraging the workers and peasants of those countries to follow suit and make their own socialist revolutions.
		The socialist system that Socialist Action advocates would be a multiparty system, with all of the democratic rights won and enjoyed in the most democratic capitalist nations, including freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of association, freedom of assembly, and freedom of religion.
	www.geocities.com /youth4sa/socialists.html (3553 words)

	Communism
		According to Lenin's approach the first step of the long term process of developing a communist society is a revolutionary seizure of political power; in Marxist terms, the domination of the bourgeoisie is to be replaced by the domination of the working class.
		Some of his supporters eventually concluded that a socialist society could be created without revolution and could be brought about through the processes of existing state institutions.
		This ideology was known as social democracy and became the basis of a number of political parties include the Social Democratic Party of Germany and the British Labour Party.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/c/co/communism.html (1823 words)

	Socialism information - Search.com
		Socialists hold that capitalism is an illegitimate economic system that serves the interests of the wealthy and exploits the majority of the population.
		However, all socialists agree that a socialist economy must be run for the benefit of the vast majority of the people rather than for a small aristocratic, plutocratic, or capitalist class.
		Socialists are also divided on which rights and liberties are desirable, such as the "bourgeois liberties" (such as those guaranteed by the U.S. First Amendment or the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union).
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Socialism (8448 words)

	Socialism - Information, Resources, Links and Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The various adherents of socialist movements are split into differing and sometimes opposing branches, particularly between reformist socialists and communists.
		Early socialists differed widely about how socialism was to be achieved; they differed sharply on key issues such as centralized versus decentralized control, the role of private property, the degree of egalitarianism, and the organization of family and community life.
		Western European socialists were under intense pressure to refashion their parties in the late 1980s and early 1990s and to reconcile their traditional economic programs with the integration of a European economic community based on liberalizing markets.
	www.cyberpedia.net /info.php?title=Socialism (4149 words)

	[No title]
		The various adherents of socialist movements are split into differing and sometimes opposing branches, particularly between reformist socialists and communists.
		During the English Civil War in the mid 17th Century, movements identified with the socialist tradition include the levellers and the diggers, the latter believing that land should be held in common.
		Marx and Engels drew from the socialist or communist ideas born in the French Revolution of 1789, the German philosophy of GWF Hegel, and English political economy, particularly that of Adam Smith and David Ricardo.
	www.clarkandpartners.co.uk /wiki.php?title=Socialism (10396 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The term socialist republic is used by those socialists who wish to emphasize that they favour a republican form of government.
		The first example was the Soviet Union, which was proclaimed a "socialist state" in its 1936 Constitution and a subsequent 1977 one.
		A socialist state may also be a country that uses the term "socialist" or "socialist republic" in its official name, regardless of the actual political and economic system it has in practice.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Socialist_republic (355 words)

	Learn more about Communism in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A temporary dictatorship of the proletariat, would be needed to seize property from the bourgeoisie minority.
		Many nations in the 20th century were run by such Communist Parties, who identified themselves as true communists implementing socialism, and attempted to govern themselves according to their interpretation of Marxist principles.
		Quite a few other countries not listed above (see: Soviet republics) have been more or less constrained to become socialist republics due to international circumstances, while some of the countries listed above probably wouldn't have been so eager to become socialist, had the international circumstances been different.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /c/co/communism.html (1030 words)

	Class struggle Information
		It may also be expressed on a larger scale by support for socialist or populist parties.
		If this is not counteracted by increasing political and economic organization by workers, it would inevitably cause an extreme polarization of the classes, encouraging the revolution that would destroy capitalism itself.
		The revolution would lead to a socialist society in which the proletariat controlled the state, that is, "the dictatorship of the proletariat".
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Class_struggle (1597 words)

	Hitler's Leftist Economic Policies
		Walter Eucken was a professor of economics at the University of Freiburg, Germany and an architect of the economic reforms that led to the Economic Miracle.
		At the beginning of the war the Government established a priorities list for allocating scarse resources.
		The problem with making production decisions without reference to relevant prices is that the control offices may dictate the production of goods which are of less value to the economy than the opportunity costs of the resources that go into their production.
	constitutionalistnc.tripod.com /hitler-leftist/id10.html (1442 words)

	The Socialists in Congress
		The Democrats have put socialists in charge of their members on the Ways and Means Committee, the Banking and Small Business Committees, The Science Committee, the Veterans Committee, the Resources Committee and the Judiciary Committee.
		In the socialist or Communist ideology, economic exploitation and the free enterprise system is the root of all evil.
		Sanders is a self-proclaimed socialist and is listed as the chairman of the executive committee of the caucus.
	www.kucinich.com /socialists_in_congress.htm (1178 words)

	54 Socialists are in the United States Congress [Free Republic]
		An American citizen is free, for example, to be a Socialist, a Communist, a Nazi, a member of the KKK, or a member of any group, as long as he obeys the law and doesn't act in a manner that would threaten the freedom, safety, and liberty of his fellow citizens.
		Socialists reason that when property is unequally distributed, this causes tensions between social classes, disrupting social relations.
		Thus, socialists believe that human happiness and harmony is achieved through the equalization of all social classes to create a single class, lacking any superior or inferior to conflict with.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3a612a9f3007.htm (6692 words)

	directopedia : Directory : Society : Politics : Socialism : Social Democracy
		The Socialist International (SI) - the worldwide organisation of social democratic and democratic socialist parties - defines social democracy as an ideal form of representative democracy, that may solve the problems found in a liberal democracy.
		The social democrats, who were the majority of socialists at this time, did not reject Marxism (And in fact claimed to uphold it), but wanted to reform it in certain ways and tone down their criticism of capitalism.
		Two key figures within the socialist movement at this time were César de Paepe of the Belgian International Working Men's Association, and Jean Jaures (Who led the French Socialist Party until his assassination on July 31, 1914, one day before the general mobilization of forces that began World War I).
	www.directopedia.org /directory/Society-Politics/Socialism-Social_Democracy.shtml (2451 words)

	Socialism in America
		We are socialists because we reject an international economic order sustained by private profit, alienated labor, race and gender discrimination, environmental destruction, and brutality and violence in defense of the status quo.
		We are socialists because we share a vision of a humane international social order based both on democratic planning and market mechanisms to achieve equitable distribution of resources, meaningful work, a healthy environment, sustainable growth, gender and racial equality, and non-oppressive relationships."
		The policy gains that have been made in recent years on both the international and domestic fronts are largely the result of the communications capability of these organizations.
	www.tysknews.com /Depts/gov_philosophy/socialists.htm (653 words)

	Politics1 - Guide to American Political Parties
		Their agenda is much in the style of the Western European socialist and labor movement -- and somewhat similar to that of the late-1990s formed Labor Party (but the NP has more of a controlled growth outlook on environmental issues).
		Youth for Socialist Action is the youth wing of the party.
		American Socialist Party - Despite the word "Socialist" in their title, this new group, founded in 2004 and based in Arizona, is far out of the traditional definition of socialist parties.
	www.politics1.com /parties.htm (9503 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		These moderate socialists do not advocate the overthrow of capitalism in a socialist revolution, and they support the continuing existence of the capitalist state and the capitalist economic system, only turned to more social purposes.
		In contrast, Marxism holds that a socialist revolution is the only practical way to implement fundamental changes in the capitalist system.
		Some Marxists maintain that after a certain period of time under socialism, the state should "wither away" (in the sense that political power should be decentralized and distributed evenly among the population), producing a communist society.
	stron.frm.pl /wiki.php?title=State_socialism (359 words)

	Bolshevik - Wikinfo
		Although the Bolsheviks were not completely monolithic, they were characterized by a rigid adherence to the leadership of the central committee, based on the notion of democratic centralism.
		Leon Trotsky was initially a Menshevik in 1903 but soon became an independent and was not a member of either faction until 1917 he lined up behind Lenin and became a Bolshevik after the February Revolution, as he came to believe that events were confirming Lenin's analysis.
		While the legislature and provisional government were controlled by Kerensky in coalition with the Mensheviks and the Socialist Revolutionary Party, the workers' and soldiers' soviets or councils were increasingly under the control of the Bolsheviks.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Bolsheviks (4246 words)

	Communism - China-related Topics CM-CP - China-Related Topics
		As a political movement, communism is a branch of the broader socialist movement.
		This ideology became known as democratic socialism (not to be confused with social democracy) and began to spread through existing socialist and/or "labourismlabourist" parties, such as the British Labour Party, although this particular party is perceived as moving into right wing in recent years.
		Communist revolutionaries argue that the violent or non-violent character of a revolution is not determined solely by the revolutionaries, but also, or even primarily, by the owners of the means of production who have a stake in capitalism, and the government tied to the ruling classes.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Communism (4021 words)

	communism - Anarchopedia
		The communist movement differentiates itself from other branches of the socialist movement through various things - such as, for example, the communists' desire to establish a communist system after the socialist one, and their commitment to revolutionary strategies for overthrowing capitalism.
		Communist ideology is a specific branch of socialist ideology and the communist movement is a specific branch of the larger socialist movement.
		A person who calls himself or herself a "communist" is a certain kind of socialist; in other words, all communists are socialists but not all socialists are communists.
	eng.anarchopedia.org /index.php/communism (3605 words)

	CNN.com - Socialists wrap congress in Brazil, decry conservatism - Oct. 29, 2003
		Delegates on Wednesday were expected approve their "Declaration of Sao Paulo," aimed at changing a new world order where rich countries and corporations benefit while the planet's legions of poor only grow larger.
		Antonio Guterres, the group's current president and a former socialist prime minister from Portugal, was re-elected Tuesday evening after facing no opposition.
		But Guterres blocked the effort, and the list of vice presidents was approved.
	cnn.com /2003/WORLD/americas/10/28/brazil.socialists.ap (544 words)

	Socialist History Project
		The Socialist History Project's principal objective is to make available key resolutions, statements, and articles reflecting the views and activities of Marxists in Canada in the 20th Century.
		There is an enormous amount of material available to draw from, so we place priority on material that illustrates the most important political positions and activities of the Marxist left.
		We are also eager to receive articles and essays about the history of the left in Canada for the Essays and Reviews section, as well as personal reminiscences and obituaries of individual socialists for the Remembering page.
	www.socialisthistory.ca /Docs/docs.htm (1009 words)

	Leftist Websites
		An effort of socialists around the world, this website offers an introduction to what socialism means, a socialist analysis of economics, politics [capitalism], and the environment; quotes from socialists and non-socialists around the world, and a link to companion parties' websites and their contact information.
		New Socialists is an organization that is composed of individual members of different democratic Socialist groups.
		We devote particular attention to what a socialist economy should be like in the age of information technology, what political institutions can ensure that the masses control state power, and the defense of the Marxian labor theory of value and exploitation as the kernel to the communist world outlook.
	www.runet.edu /~junnever/theory/left.web.html (1647 words)

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