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Topic: Lisu language

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	Dissertation, Chapter 2, Part 2
		Language, both in cases of rapid change and remarkable conservatism, is a marker of social identity, one cultural badge among many that marks people off as either members of or hostile to a group {Leach 1965: 49}.
		Lisu were categorized, also, as a subvariant of Lolo peoples; Lolo (who are the most widespread people of this language group) were reported as comprising the bulk of the hill tribe population {Davies 1909: 389}.
		Lisu language as a whole was marked by distinct dialectal variations in both Yunnan and Burma {Leach 1965: 45; Fraser 1922: 1}.
	home.comcast.net /~kagillogly/Dissertation2b.html (5056 words)

	Die Bergvölker in Thailand: Lisu
		The one Lisu dialect spoken in Thailand is 30% borrowed from the Yunnanese.
		The Lisu hill tribe people believe strongly in the spirit world, and their shamans are used to divine the causes and cures of all problems and sicknesses.
		The Lisu believe strongly in the spirit world, and their shamans are used to divine the causes and cures of all problems and sickness.
	www.clickthai.de /Leute/Stamme/lisu.html (2007 words)

	Lisu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lisus in Arunachal Pradesh, who were believed to have migrated from the Patkai Hills, are generally Christians, although a few are followers of Theravada Buddhism.
		Lisu villages are usually built close to water to provide easy access for washing and drinking.
		Lisu women are remarked for their brightly colored dress.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lisu (1173 words)

	China Source
		Lisu raise maize, rice, wheat, buckwheat, sorghum, and beans.
		Because Lisu live on mountain slopes, their houses have a "thousand legs." These two-story structures of bamboo and wood with several rows of woodpiles driven into the foundation are built in a single day.
		Lisu used to believe a man had a body and a soul and that after death the soul remained to bring blessing or disaster to the people.
	www.chsource.org /Lisu.htm (475 words)

	Indigenous Peoples of The World - The Lisu
		Lisu villages tend to be large, often with around 2, 000 inhabitants.
		Not only do the Lisu maintain their traditional dress on a daily basis, their animist and ancestor-worshipping religious beliefs and ceremonies are almost as widely practiced today as they have ever been.
		Indeed until very recently many Lisu would not consider sending a sick person to a hospital in the belief that a place with so many sick people must be possessed by many evil spirits.
	www.peoplesoftheworld.org /text?people=Lisu (1411 words)

	Lisu language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lisu is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Yunnan (southwestern China), northern Burma, and Thailand and a small part of India.
		It is the language of the Lisu minority.
		While there was no indigenous form of writing, the Christian missionary James O. Fraser developed an alphabet in the early 20th century to facilitate the propagation of the Christian Bible.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lisu_language (90 words)

	Nationalities in China
		Its language belongs to the Mongolian branch of the Altaic language family and is close to that of the Tu and Dongxiang ethnic minorities.
		Similar to the language of the Nu people, their neighbors, it does not have a written form and, traditionally, records were made and messages transmitted by engraving notches in wood and tying knots.
		The Mulam language is a member of the Zhuang-Dong language group of the Chinese-Tibetan language family, but because of extensive contacts with the majority Han and local Zhuangs many Mulams speak one or both of these languages in addition to their own.
	www.chinahighlights.com /travelguide/nationalities.htm (6872 words)

	Bibliography of Tibeto-Burman Languages and Cultures Sorted by Author (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Batangjiangyu dongci quzhe xingtaide fenxihua (The analysization of inflexional morphology of verbs in Batang vernacular of Tibetan language).
		Language Variation: Papers on variation and change in the Sinosphere and in the Indosphere in honour of James A. Matisoff, ed by David Bradley, Randy LaPolla, Boyd Michailovsky and Graham Thurgood.
		Gerard, A. A vocabulary of the Kunawar languages.
	victoria.linguistlist.org /~lapolla/bib/author.html (9935 words)

	Introduction
		In type (iii) languages, there are two equally important distinct sentence constructions, the subject-predicate construction and the topic-comment construction; in type (iv) languages, the subject and the topic have merged and are no longer distinguishable in all sentence types.
		In Sp languages, the basic sentence structure is similar to 1, whereas in Tp languages, the basic sentence structure is similar to 2.
		In fact, all the languages we have investigated have the topic-comment construction, and although not all languages have the subject-predicate construction, there appear to be ways of identifying subjects in most Tp languages.
	angli02.kgw.tu-berlin.de /Korean/Artikel03/I.htm (839 words)

	Lisu - China-related Topics LI-LL - China-Related Topics
		Lisu villages are usually built close to water, and preferably close to a waterfall as they believe that water is a special power.
		The Lisu have their own language which has developed over the decades to include words from their adopted countries languages.
		Since the Lisu language has no written script, their history is passed from one generation to the next in the form of a song.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Lisu (565 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Course Description: This course is an introduction to linguistics, the scientific study of language.
		Course Objectives: The goal is for you to understand key linguistic concepts, ranging from the analysis of language structures to the broader social implications and the way language changes over time.
		LISU is good for getting the big picture, while LF is more of a how-to manual.
	www-english.tamu.edu /pers/grad/himes/engl209/index.html (707 words)

	Pacific Publications Backlist
		This volume presents a description of the phonology, morphology, and syntax of the Mangap-Mbula language, which is spoken on an island in the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea.
		DAVID BRADLEY, A dictionary of the northern dialect of Lisu (China and Southeast Asia), 1994, xii, 275pp.
		Lisu, the language of 850, 000 people in China, Myanmar, India and Thailand, is described in this Lisu-English and English-Lisu dictionary using the orthography devised in China in the late 1950s.
	linguistlist.org /pubs/pacific.html (478 words)

	Hilltribes in the North
		Their houses also sit on the ground, and feature a space designed for a cooking fire in the center of their main room, as well as a small shrine dedicated to their ancestors and to the guardian spirit they believe to inhabit each individual house.
		Their language, long ago derived from Chinese, is written in Chinese Characters, and their paintings, mostly of religious subjects, reflect certain very ancient Chinese artistic styles, although the Yao paintings have a unique flavor of their own, and are coveted by many Western collectors.
		Because they've long had a written language --unlike several of the other tribes, who had no written version of their language prior to the coming into their midst of Christian missionaries -- they also know how to make high quality paper.
	www.chiangmai-chiangrai.com /hilltribes.html (1037 words)

	STEDT Bibliography
		Tokyo: Institute for the Study of the Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa.
		Languages of the ethnic corridor in Western Sichuan.
		Wheatley, J. The decline of verb-final syntax in the Yi (Lolo) languages of southwestern China.
	stedt.berkeley.edu /html/bibliography.html (2028 words)

	Amazon.com: Language: Its Structure and Use: Books: Edward Finegan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The third edition of Language: Its Structure and Use continues the tradition of comprehensive coverage of the core concepts of linguistics found in its first two editions: morphology, phonetics, phonology, stntax, and semantics.
		LISU, however, would probably be a better choice than these books for individuals who want to learn some linguistics outside of a structured course, a fact which is reflected in some of the positive reviews on this page.
		Language acquisition, included as part of the introductory chapter, is the only topic given short shrift, while languages and the brain are not covered at all.
	www.amazon.com /Language-Its-Structure-Edward-Finegan/dp/0155078275 (1814 words)

	The Language (th)
		Since this language uses its own individual alphabet and grammar, there are no comparisons to any of the europeean languages possible.
		Karen language is generally classified in the Karennic sub-group of the Tibeto-Burman language family.
		It is a smooth, rolling language sometimes referred to as the French of Asia.
	www.shambles.net /pages/countries/th_lang (1165 words)

	Papers of Jennie Kingston Fitzwilliam - Collection 272 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Included are recollections of Fitzwilliam's husband, Francis, J.O. Fraser and the early history of missionary work among the Lisu, life of the Lisu church and its indigenous administrative practices, the development of mission work among the Kachin, and her interment by the Japanese.
		Her language study was interrupted by the political unrest in China and she, along with most other CIM workers, was evacuated to Shanghai.
		The Lisu, not the missionaries, were the evangelists.
	www.wheaton.edu /bgc/archives/GUIDES/272.htm (6463 words)

	Fraser alphabet
		During his time in China, Fraser learnt to speak Chinese and Lisu and produced a Lisu translation of the New Testament using his alphabet.
		In 1992 the Chinese government recognised the Fraser alphabet as the official script for the Lisu language and has encouraged its use since then.
		Lisu a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by about 657,000 people in Myanmar, India, Thailand and in the Chinese provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/fraser.htm (290 words)

	Lisu or Lisaw have originated in southern China and already mentioned although there was the ethnic relation with Lolo ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Lisu or Lisaw have originated in southern China and already mentioned although there was the ethnic relation with Lolo nation including with Lahu and Akha for the Lisu in Thailand when Lisu originated to settlement for the first time about 60-70 years ag
		Lisu is one of the Hill Tribes in Northern Thailand.
		Traditionally meals were cooked on the fireplace inside the house, however nowdays are cooked in the kitchen, a separate building outside.
	www.hadf.org /english/hilltribe/lisu.html (365 words)

	The Lisu People of Northern Thailand (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Lisu headman has little power, since the Lisu are fiercely independent people who take orders from no one.
		The Lisu live at moderate to high altitudes, though many are now moving down into lowland areas.
		Many Lisu villages were until recently involved in the opium trade, and were reputed to grow the best opium.
	www.lanna.com.cob-web.org:8888 /LisuLodge/html/lisu.html (509 words)

	EC
		This was a small Atlas giving sample selections of the location and status of EL's in a number of areas in the world (Europe, Siberia, NE China, Southeast Asia, Australia, Africa, Arctic America + Greenland, the West Coast of Canada, and Central and South America), on 12 colored maps.
		The purpose of this atlas was to be a piece of publicity to stimulate world-wide interest in the problem of language endangerment.
		5. The Lisu language as expressed in its traditional proverbs, hitherto unstudied (Thailand).
	www.ciplnet.com /endangeredlanguages.htm (455 words)

	Prayer Makes History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Fraser was greatly used of God through prayer and loving labor to turn multitudes of Lisu from their slavery of demon-worship to Jesus Christ.
		After mastering the difficult Lisu language, he developed his own "Fraser Script" and translated the Scriptures into the tribal dialect.
		The Lisu church continued to grow and eventually became one of the largest tribal Christian bodies in the world.
	www.christianword.org /revival/prayermakes.html (1809 words)

	Foundation For Endangered Languages. Home
		The International Symposium on Endangered Languages was held on November 18-20, 1995 under the auspices of the Department of Asian and Pacific Linguistics, Institute of Cross-Cultural Studies, Faculty of Letters, University of Tokyo at the university's Sanjo Conference Hall.
		A language with 500 to 1,000 speakers in the Pacific area seems to be rather stable, whereas another language with about the same size of speakers will be very much in endangerment in Europe or in Africa.
		If the language code on the questionnaire you have completed is identical with the language code in a questionnaire already on file, your contribution is added to that file, else a new file is opened.
	www.ogmios.org /24.htm (4506 words)

	LINGUIST List 7.465: Endangered languages documentation mailbox
		The language vitality score is calculated from eight different factors such as age of youngest speaker, number of speakers, percentage of monolingual speakers etc. (for details cf.
		If you are interested in a specific language, say Lisu, send a message to the same address as above with the following entry under "Subject": info on Lisu Then LDUL will mail you the set of questionnaires that have been completed with Lisu in the list of names and aliases.
		One factor that had to be neglected in the design of the questionnaire is the degree of relatedness of the language in question to the 'next' well- documented language: the lower this degree, the higher the documentation urgency.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/7/7-465.html (1809 words)

	MavicaNET - Lisu Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Living mainly in southwest China's Yunnan Province, the Lisu ethnic group boasts a long history that possibly dates as far back as the Tang Dynasty, more than 1, 300 years ago.
		It was not until the middle of the 16th century that the Lisu migrated to the Nujiang River reaches in northwest Yunnan Province.
		The script of the Lisu language was created by missionaries on the basis of Latin capital letters.
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/fra/30903.html (104 words)

	Introducing the Lisu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Lisus live in the southwestern end of Yunnan Province, and in the frontier regions of the neighboring countries.
		Most of the Lisu live in Yunnan Province, in Nujiang and Weixi Counties.
		It is closely related with the Yi and Naxi languages.
	www.chinaviva.com /eng/Lisu/lisuintr.htm (198 words)

	Ethnologue report for language code:lis
		Speakers of other languages in the area use Lisu for administration, religion, and bilingual education in schools.
		In Drung and Nu areas, oral and written Lisu are used for Christian activities.
		Burmese and Thai Lisu have difficulties in communicating because of dialect differences.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=lis (282 words)

	urbana.org - Great Cloud of Witnesses
		The first time Isobel heard of the Lisu she was just 22 years old but was already sensing a call to serve with the China Inland Mission.
		But she was never alone, and even in the most dangerous of situations, she believed in God’s provision, and took comfort in the care of her Lisu brothers and sisters.
		She was one of three Lisu women who helped type the first translation of the Lisu New Testament.
	www.urbana.org /wtoday.witnesses.cfm?article=46 (1802 words)

	Thailand Artical
		Samli is a Lisu village in Northern Thailand, two hours north of Chiang Mai near the Burmese border.
		The 160 residents are part of the 900,000 Lisus that extend into Burma and southern China, and who typically have not held citizenship in any country.
		While several very skilled Thai workmen worked with us, often teaching us practical skills, and usually in the absence of a common language, the Lisu villagers were also major contributors.
	www.engr.umd.edu /ewb/thailandartical.html (1137 words)

	[No title]
		For example, I knew that they spoke languages which, while fairly closely related to each other, were by no stretch of the aural imagination mutually comprehensible.
		The fact that, after studying the Nuosu language of Liangshan (The Northern Dialect, in the official classification), I could in fact converse in that tongue, but could understand nothing of the Lipuo (Central Yi) language of north-central Yunnan, confirmed in practice what I had learned in theory.
		Finally, race is out; language and culture are in as the primordial characteristics that originally define a group and constitute its basic essence.
	faculty.washington.edu /stevehar/Yihist.html (8559 words)

	Mountain Peoples (Hill Tribes) of Northern Thailand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		General information about the distinct ethnic groups of northern Thailand; their language, culture and religion; and village etiquette.
		A brief guide to meeting and interacting with the mountain peoples ("hilltribes") of northern Thailand.
		Descriptions of the different ethnic groups of northern Thailand, plus some basic vocabulary (with sound) provided by native speakers:
	www.lanna.com /LisuLodge/html/mountainpeople.html (52 words)

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