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Topic: Lithium battery

	Researchers power up new lithium battery for hybrid cars
		The white layers are composed of nickel manganese oxide, and the dark layers represent lithium.
		Lithium nickel manganese oxide consists of layers of metal (nickel and manganese) separated from lithium layers by oxygen.
		Lithium ions carry the battery's charge, so to maximize the speed at which the battery can charge and discharge, the researchers designed and synthesized a material with a very ordered crystalline structure, allowing lithium ions to freely flow between the metal layers.
	www.physorg.com /news10928.html (696 words)

	D-cell Lithium/Sulfur Dioxide Battery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		D-cell lithium batteries can be used in a wide range of applications from flashlights to emergency radios to portable equipment - any place where their unique combination of high power density, light weight, wide temperature range or long storage life characteristics are needed.
		Lithium batteries can be stored at room temperature for 10 years and still retain 70% of their rated capacity.
		The PTC-protected lithium batteries have a non-dangerous classification.
	www.hdssystems.com /LithiumDSo2Battery.html (1276 words)

	Sandia National Laboratories - Lithium battery research
		Efforts by a team of Sandians from Centers 1800, 6100, and 1500 to improve the lithium ion battery may mean that one day soon people will be driving affordable electric cars and operating their CD players and cellular phones on smaller, longer lasting batteries.
		Lithium ion batteries use host materials for the electrodes (for example, carbon as the anode and lithium cobalt oxide as the cathode) to avoid using metallic lithium, thereby improving safety.
		During charge and discharge of lithium ion rechargeable batteries, lithium ions are shuttled between the cathode and anode host materials in a "rocking horse" fashion.
	www.sandia.gov /LabNews/LN12-04-98/battery_story.htm (1066 words)

	How to prolong lithium-based batteries
		Battery research is focusing heavily on lithium chemistries, so much so that one could presume that all portable devices will be powered with lithium-ion batteries in the future.
		For this reason, an aged battery can be kept longer in applications that draw low current as opposed to a function that demands heavy loads.
		Batteries with fuel gauge (laptops) should be calibrated by applying a deliberate full discharge once every 30 charges.
	www.batteryuniversity.com /parttwo-34.htm (1662 words)

	Lithium battery - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lithium batteries are primary batteries that have lithium metal or lithium compounds as an anode.
		Lithium tetrafluoroborate in propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane, and/or gamma-butyrolactone
		lithium hexafluorophosphate or lithium hexafluoroarsenate in propylene carbonate with dimethoxyethane
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lithium_battery (1429 words)

	Lithium ion battery - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lithium ion batteries (sometimes abbreviated Li-Ion or Li-On) are a type of rechargeable battery commonly used in consumer electronics.
		They are currently one of the most popular types of battery for portable electronics, with one of the best energy-to-weight ratios, no memory effect and a slow loss of charge when not in use.
		Lithium is the third lightest element, giving a substantial saving in weight compared to batteries using much heavier metals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lithium_ion_battery (2683 words)

	Lithium-ion Battery Technology
		Lithium is the lightest of all rechargeable Lithium batteries during the eighties, it was found that cycling alters the lithium electrode, thereby reducing its thermal stability and causing potential thermal run-away.
		A large quantity of rechargeable lithium batteries sent to Japan had to be recalled in 1991 after a battery in and inflicted burns to a man's face.
		Measured in milliohms (mO), the impedance is the gatekeeper of the battery that, to a large extent, determines the runtime.
	www.makita.com /prod_lxt_dum_history.htm (4438 words)

	Lithium Ion Battery
		Ionix was recently awarded an contract with the navy to develop advanced models of lithium ion battery performance.
		The discharge characteristics of an insertion battery are complex.
		Recently, a mathematical model of a lithium ion battery was published by Fuller, Doyle, and Newman that allows consideration and optimization of these complex characteristics (1).
	www.ionixpower.com /lithium_ion_battery.htm (1095 words)

	How does a lithium battery work? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Lithium batteries work by shuttling lithium ions between the anode and cathode of the battery.
		The anode, source of the ions and electrons, is elemental lithium (or a lithium-containing compound) and the cathode, receptor of the ions and electrons, is a material capable of accepting lithium ions into its structure.
		When a battery is discharged, lithium ions flow from the anode to the cathode, accompanied by electrons.
	www.csupomona.edu /~winnydong/websites/personal/battery.html (155 words)

	Argonne researchers becoming nation's experts in lithium-battery technology
		CMT's Battery Technology Department began its work with Li-ion batteries in 1998, when the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy provided funding for the laboratory to help industrial developers overcome key barriers – insufficient safety and calendar life – to using these energy-storage devices in hybrid electric vehicles.
		The battery is 100 times smaller than a standard AA battery, and powers an implantable microstimulator system designed to help patients with neurological disorders and muscular impairments, such as stroke, Parkinson's disease and urinary incontinence.
		Batteries previously used for medical devices are large, have short lives and are not rechargeable.
	www.anl.gov /Media_Center/News/2005/CMT050624.html (1130 words)

	Saft LS14500 3.6V Lithium Battery for Dive Rite Optima Rebreather
		Compared with most other types of batteries, lithium batteries are lighter weight, have a wider operating temperature range (making them excellent for cold-water and ice diving), and have a much longer shelf life.
		Lithium cells are environmentally friendly, offering easy disposal since they do not contain heavy metals found in most batteries.
		For whatever time the battery is in the handset, the electronics continues to drain the battery even when the unit is out of the water and shutdown.
	www.diveriteexpress.com /rebreathers/battery.shtml (821 words)

	Lithium Battery Fires (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Lithium batteries are becoming very popular for powering the control and power systems in our models.
		A lithium battery fire is very hot (several thousand degrees) and is an excellent initiator for ancillary (resulting) fires.
		The use of Lithium batteries in portable laptops, and other appliances are indeed head and shoulders above nicads, or NIMH technology, however their sucess in these appliances is due to the fact that the battery is "managed" in the appliance itself.
	rcudev.rcuniverse.com /forum/m_1753061/printable.htm (1183 words)

	Infolithium Batteries
		Lithium batteries retain their state of charge (10% loss per month) much longer than earlier technologies partially because a thin passivating layers forms on the electrode surfaces.
		I have found that the battery should be fully charged before the resistor discharge, and that rather than timing the discharge procedure, I can effectively monitor the progress by simply placing a finger on the resistor every five minutes or so after the first hour of discharge.
		In March 2002, I measured the runtime of this battery to be 84% of the original Sony specified capacity after 3.5 years of frequent use and recharging, and room-temperature storage.
	www.bealecorner.com /trv900/battery/lithium.html (2058 words)

	Apple - Batteries
		As with other rechargeable batteries, you may eventually need to replace your battery.
		Battery life means the time your Apple notebook or iPod will run before it must be recharged (sometimes this is also called “playtime” or “runtime”).
		Battery lifespan means the total amount of time your battery will last before it must be replaced.
	www.apple.com /batteries (678 words)

	Lithium Battery Breakthrough - Lipo Batteries
		Lithium Polymer batteries are the latest technology and offer several times the capacity/run time of previous generation Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hydride batteries, with reduced weight and size.
		Lipo batteries are very different from previous generation batteries and understanding how they work, and especially how to charge them, is the key to getting the best performance.
		A battery pack that has three cells in series (giving 11.1 volts) and 2 of these 3-cell packs are wired in parallel is commonly referred to as a 3S, 2P (3 series, 2 parallel).
	www.rchobbies.org /lithium_battery_breakthrough.htm (968 words)

	Lithium battery, watch, camera, and button cell batteries specialist. For all your lithium batteries and other battery ...
		We sell lithium batteries, watch batteries, camera batteries, car alarm keyfob batteries as well as batteries for calculators, clocks, organisers, PDA 's, computers and electronic toys.
		A watch battery, camera battery or lithium battery are just some of our specialist stock.
		So when you want lithium batteries, watch batteries, camera batteries, button cells or even scart leads, we'll get them to you double quick.
	www.batteryhome.co.uk (329 words)

	Lithium Battery Warning
		Lithium Battery Fires Lithium batteries are becoming very popular for powering the control and power systems in our models.
		These batteries must be used in a manner that precludes ancillary fire.
		These batteries CANNOT be handled and charged casually such as has been the practice for years with other types of batteries.
	www.wdarc.org /Articles/LithiumBatteryWarning.cfm (443 words)

	What is Lithium-Ion battery? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Lithium, however, is an unstable metal, so Lithium-Ion batteries are made from Lithium ions from chemicals.
		Because of its lightness and high energy density, Lithium-Ion batteries are ideal for portable devices, such as notebook computers.
		In addition, Lithium-Ion batteries have no memory effect and do not use poisonous metals, such as lead, mercury or cadmium.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/L/Lithium_Ion_battery.html (295 words)

	LITHIUM-POLYMER BATTERY
		The Lithium Polymer battery relies on thin-film technology, with composite films that are only 100 microns thick.
		It’s a solid state battery that can be wound and shaped to suite the application.
		Lithium is a very reactive metal and there’s a lot of concern out there about the safety of a lithium battery.
	www.rqriley.com /sld007.htm (255 words)

	Lithium Battery :: Online Catalog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Lithium Battery unit price for tobacco products and multicomponent mass media campaigns), and six interventions to increase cessation (increasing the unit price for tobacco products; multicomponent mass media campaigns; provider reminder systems; a combined provider reminder plus provider Lithium Battery Lithium Battery or without patient education.
		In general, the Lithium Battery Force does not use economic information to modify recommendations.A Lithium Battery of insufficient evidence of effectiveness does not result in recommendations regarding an intervention's use but Lithium Battery important for identifying areas of uncertainty and continuing research needs.
		In Lithium Battery adequate evidence of ineffectiveness leads to a recommendation that the intervention not be used.The systematic search identified 243 studies on tobacco interventions.
	cat56.info /lithium-battery.html (298 words)

	How to charge Lithium Batteries.
		The basic algorithm is to charge at constant current (0.2 C to 0.7 C depending on manufacturer) until the battery reaches 4.2 Vpc (volts per cell), and hold the voltage at 4.2 volts until the charge current has dropped to 10% of the intitial charge rate.
		It is important to note that trickle charging is not acceptable for lithium batteries.
		Every lithium ion battery pack should have (must have?) a safety board which monitors the charge and discharge of the pack, and prevents dangerous things from happening.
	www.powerstream.com /li.htm (368 words)

	Lithium Battery Recycling Services for Businesses and Residences
		A lithium salt mixture is recovered and shipped to another facililty that recovers pure lithium carbonate from the impure mixture of lithium salts.
		The lithium carbonate is then sold back to the battery manufacturers.
		The batteries are "deactivated" through a "hydrosaline" process which renders them non-hazardous.
	www.batteryrecycling.com /lithium.html (83 words)

	Lithium Battery Couple
		The lithium couple is the one that everyone feels is about the best we can hope for in battery technology.
		If you wanted to buy a set of EV batteries now, I was quoted $20,000 per module for lithium-ion batteries if I wanted to try them out.
		They are claiming that a 450-pound battery pack will result in an electric car with a range of about 300 miles.
	www.rqriley.com /sld006t.htm (195 words)

	Lithium Batteries-Lithium Battery includes Lithium laptop/camcorder/digital camera battery
		Replacement Digital camera battery and Laptop battery, camcorder batteries, PDA batteries, md walkman battery, two way radio batteries, portable dvd batteries, MP3 Player batteries, battery charger for digital camera and camcorder, laptop dc adapter, laptop ac adapter, portalble dvd player adapter and more battery accessories are in all-batteries.co.uk.
		It is very importance that lithium batteries shouldn't be left unattended while being charged as they can catch on fire.
		We recommend discount lithium digital camera battery, cheap lithium ion laptop battery, lithium camcorder batteries and more lithium batteries and battery chargers for others for our customers who want to equip their laptop or camcorder machine with high capacity power supply units.
	www.all-batteries.co.uk (391 words)

	Lithium Battery Charger Manufacturers & Suppliers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		V628 Lithium Battery Charger with 5.4V Input Voltage
		Lithium Polymer or Lithium-ion Battery Charger with LED Indication
		The featured China Lithium Battery Charger manufacturers and featured Taiwan Lithium Battery Charger manufacturers listed here are sourced by the Global Sources team of industry experts.
	www.globalsources.com /manufacturers/Lithium-Battery-Charger.html (446 words)

	Panasonic Lithium Ion Batteries
		In order to ensure the use of properly designed safety circuits with Lithium ion battery packs, Panasonic Lithium ion cells are not sold as "off the shelf" products and are not available as a standard product from distributors.
		Lithium ion cells, however can be assembled into packs by authorized pack assembly centers that have been approved for safety circuit assembly and Lithium ion pack design.
		If you would like more information on how Panasonic pack assembly partners can assist you with your Lithium ion power solution needs, please e-mail us with a brief description of your requirements and your company contact information.
	www.panasonic.com /industrial/battery/oem/chem/lithion/index.html (213 words)

	Amazon.com: Kodak 8039851 Lithium Ion Battery & Charger: Camera & Photo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		To charge the Kodak lithium-ion battery, just put it in the DC4800 charger and simply verify that the red indicator light is on when the charger turns on.
		Having an extra battery is ABSOLUTELY essential, but I also recommend getting this kit for the charger, which will charge the DC4800 battery 3 times faster than the camera's built-in charger.
		With this camera, it is a MUST to have an extra battery, but this kit (battery and charger) well worth it simply for the convenience.
	www.amazon.com /Kodak-8039851-Lithium-Battery-Charger/dp/B00005445B (886 words)

	Lithium battery incidents
		While I've never had a problem with Li batteries in models (old style Duralites are the only ones I've ever used), I did have a (brand deleted) laptop burn up in 1998 when the batteries literally exploded.
		Was sitting on my hotel bed typing some Emails when it went POOF and flame literally came out of the front and bottom of the laptop; it melted the bedspread and I grabbed it by the screen and tossed it into the shower, where it burned for some time (even with water spraying on it!).
		The Lexas fire was due to the batteries being in a plane crash which caused an internal short.
	www.rcuniverse.com /forum/m_1415399/printable.htm (1535 words)

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