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Topic: Lithium pharmacology

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Lithium Carbonate, Eskalith, Lithane, Lithobid Pharmacology - HealthyPlace.com Lithium is primarily excreted in urine with insignificant excretion in feces. Lithium carbonate controlled release tablets 450 mg are designed to release a portion of the dose initially and the remainder gradually; the release pattern of the controlled release tablets reduces the variability in lithium blood levels seen with the immediate release dosage forms. Lithium (Eskalith, Eskalith-Cr, Lithane, Lithium, Lithobid, Lithonate, Lithotabs) should generally not be given to patients with significant renal or cardiovascular disease, severe debilitation or dehydration, or sodium depletion, since the risk of lithium toxicity is very high in such patients. www.healthyplace.com /medications/lithium.htm   (2864 words)

Lithium Orotate: Insights on Lithium However, the pharmacology - the characteristics of a drug that make it medically effective of Lithium is not fully understood yet. During the 1950's extending to the 1970's, lithium was demonstrated as the first effective treatment for bipolar disorder, initially in treating acute mania, and later in preventing both manic and depressive episodes. While lithium treatment has proven to be a godsend for many of the two million Americans with bipolar disorder, it is not without its downside. lithiumorotate.ireslithium.com   (1041 words)

Lithonate Monograph of lithium carbonate, or Lithonate, features the pharmacology and side effects of this drug prescribed for manic-depressive patients. Find detailed notes on Lithium, an antipsychotic drug also known by the brand names Eskalith, Calith, Theralite, Carbolith and Ceglution. www.thedrugportal.com /subpage.asp?node=1093322&CTitle=Lithonate&Loc=/Drugs+A%2DZ541254/Drugs+L1094012/Lithonate1093322   (1041 words)

Celexa Side Effects, and Drug Interactions - Citalopram - RxList Monographs The premarketing development program for Celexa included citalopram exposures in patients and/or normal subjects from 3 different groups of studies: 429 normal subjects in clinical pharmacology/pharmacokinetic studies; 4422 exposures from patients in controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials, corresponding to approximately 1370 patient-exposure years. Because lithium may enhance the serotonergic effects of citalopram, caution should be exercised when Celexa and lithium are coadministered. Although trough citalopram plasma levels were unaffected, given the enzyme-inducing properties of carbamazepine, the possibility that carbamazepine might increase the clearance of citalopram should be considered if the two drugs are coadministered. www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/citalo_ad.htm   (1041 words)

Differential Display PCR Reveals Novel Targets for the Mood-Stabilizing Drug Valproate Including the Molecular Chaperone GRP78 -- Wang et al. 55 (3): 521 -- Molecular Pharmacology Li PP, Young LT, Tam YK, Sibony D and Warsh JJ (1993) Effects of chronic lithium and carbamazepine treatment on G protein subunit expression in rat cerebral cortex. Effect of Other Mood Stabilizers such as Lithium and Carbamazepine on GRP78 mRNA Abundance. Asghari V, Wang JF, Reiach JS and Young LT (1998) Differential effects of mood stabilizers on Fos/Jun proteins and AP-1 binding activity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. molpharm.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/55/3/521   (4810 words)

PHARMACOLOGY - LoveToKnow Article on PHARMACOLOGY Potassium and lithium have a depressing action upon the nervous system, ammonium salts have a stimulating action, while sodium practically speaking is indifferent. Sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, the alkaline iodides and bromides, also belong partly to this group, although most of them have also specific actions. The term counterirritant is used when an irritant is applied to the skin for the purpose of relieving pain or congestion by dilating the superficial vessels. 36.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PH/PHARMACOLOGY.htm   (9673 words)

Anticonvulsant activity of roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza glabra,Shirish D Ambawade, Veena Kasture S, Sanjay B Kasture: Indian Journal of Pharmacology The lithium-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus was also used to assess the anticonvulsant activity in rats. Objective: To study the anticonvulsant activity of ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra in albino rats and mice. Methods: The anticonvulsant activity of ethanolic extract of roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza glabra (10, 30, 100 and 500 mg/kg, i.p.) in mice was assessed using maximum electroshock seizure (MES) test and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) using albino mice. www.ijp-online.com /article.asp?issn=0253-7613;year=2002;volume=34;issue=4;spage=251;epage=255;aulast=Shirish;type=0   (186 words)

High-affinity myo-inositol transport in Candida albicans: substrate specificity and pharmacology -- Jin and Seyfang 149 (12): 3371 -- Microbiology Murray, M. and Greenberg, M. Expression of yeast INM1 encoding inositol monophosphatase is regulated by inositol, carbon source and growth stage and is decreased by lithium and valproate. In contrast, inositol transport was strongly pH-dependent and a 77 % reduction of transport activity was observed when the proton concentration of the uptake buffer was reduced from pH 6·5 to pH 8·5. Inositol transport in yeast cells was characterized in an earlier mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/149/12/3371   (5756 words)

Erowid Online Texts : PiHKAL #140 P Its synthesis could not be achieved in parallel to the description given for P. Rather, the propylation of syringaldehyde to give 3,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propoxybenzaldehyde, followed by coupling with nitroethane and the reduction of the formed nitrostyrene with lithium aluminum hydride would be the logical process. If I had any objection, it would be with the name, not the pharmacology. Following the reasoning given under E, the initials for this base would be 3C-P, and I would guess it would be active, and a psychedelic, in the 20 to 40 milligram range. www.erowid.org /library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal140.shtml   (726 words)

Evening Primrose Oil - Pharmacology Information Evening Primrose Oil has been shown to reduce tremors from lithium use in manic depressives.40 Phenothiazines and anticonvulsants due to an increased incidence of seizures.39 Even though no cases are known of interaction with anticoagulant medications, it may be prudent to closely monitor concomitant usage. Dosage: Is dependent on the condition, but is usually 2 to 4 gm of the oil daily in divided doses, taken with meals.4,36 www.evening-primrose-oil.com /pharmacology.html   (726 words)

Evening Primrose Oil - Pharmacology Information Evening Primrose Oil has been shown to reduce tremors from lithium use in manic depressives.40 Evening Primrose Oil has few adverse effects, causing occasional headache, nausea if taken on an empty stomach, and diarrhea only in high doses.36 It may exacerbate temporal lobe epilepsy and mania, so should be avoided in these cases.37 Evening Primrose Oil is often combined with Vitamin E to prevent oxidation. www.evening-primrose-oil.com /pharmacology.html   (726 words)

Role of Sodium Depletion in Acute Antidiuretic Effect of Bendroflumethiazide in Rats with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus -- Janjua et al. 299 (1): 307 -- Journal of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics Thomsen K and Schou M (1973) The effect of prolonged administration of hydrochlorothiazide on the renal lithium clearance and urine flow of ordinary rats and rats with diabetes insipidus. The mechanisms underlying the acute antidiuretic response to bendroflumethiazide (BFTZ; 0.25 mg/h for 3 h) in rats with nephrogenic It was dissolved in 150 mM glucose (0.5 mg/ml) jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/299/1/307   (726 words)

Morphological and Electrophysiological Evidence for an Ionotropic GABA Receptor of Novel Pharmacology -- Shen et al. 87 (1): 250 -- Journal of Neurophysiology C : lithium substitution for sodium does not block the GABA current, instead enhancing it, probably due to decreased uptake. GABA neurotransmission and the pathology of GABA receptor GABA (500 µM; duration indicated by black bar above traces) was puffed onto ganglion ( A, B, E) and amacrine ( C, D, F) cells in the absence and presence of 500 µM picrotoxin. jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/87/1/250   (726 words)

Lithium Carbonate, Eskalith, Lithane, Lithobid Pharmacology - HealthyPlace.com Lithium (Eskalith, Eskalith-Cr, Lithane, Lithium, Lithobid, Lithonate, Lithotabs) should generally not be given to patients with significant renal or cardiovascular disease, severe debilitation or dehydration, or sodium depletion, since the risk of lithium toxicity is very high in such patients. If the psychiatric indication is life-threatening, and if such a patient fails to respond to other measures, lithium treatment may be undertaken with extreme caution, including daily serum lithium determinations and adjustment to the usually low doses ordinarily tolerated by these individuals. Lithium toxicity is closely related to serum lithium levels, and can occur at doses close to therapeutic levels. www.healthyplace.com /medications/lithium.htm   (726 words)

Pharmacology - Medical Encyclopedia hypnotic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, movement disorder drug, CNS stimulant, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist, amphetamine, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ACE inhibitor, cardiac glycoside, phosphodiesterase inhibitor, nitrate, antiarrhythmic, beta-receptor blocker, antianginal, diuretic, antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker, alpha blocker, vasodilator, peripheral activator, anticoagulant, heparin, antiplatelet drug, fibrinolytic, haemostatic drug, hypolipidaemic agent, statin. cytotoxic drug, sex hormones, aromatase inhibitor, somatostatin inhibitor, recombinant interleukin, GM-CSF, G-CSF, erythropoietin, IL-11 www.nursingstudy.com /encyclopedia/Pharmacology.html   (726 words)

Uppsala Monitoring Centre Fellowship-trained in both clinical pharmacology/regulatory drug evaluation sciences and consultation-liaison psychiatry, Dr. Goldman has performed original lithium/neuroleptic neurotoxicity research utilizing the FDA Spontaneous Reporting System database, and published numerous articles on medical product safety, adverse event reporting, and clinical psychiatry. He received the Commissioner's Special Citation/Harvey W. Wiley Medal and Office of the Commissioner's Commendable Service Award while at the FDA. www.who-umc.org /review/goldman.html   (220 words)

Pharmacology - Medical Encyclopedia hypnotic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, movement disorder drug, CNS stimulant, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist, amphetamine, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor www.nursingstudy.com /encyclopedia/Pharmacology.html   (386 words)

Pharmacology - Medical Encyclopedia hypnotic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, movement disorder drug, CNS stimulant, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist, amphetamine, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor www.nursingstudy.com /encyclopedia/Pharmacology.html   (386 words)

Pharmacology hypnotic, anaesthetics, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, anxiolytic, barbiturate, movement disorder drug, stimulant (including amphetamines), benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, cholinergic, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist antacid, reflux suppressant, antiflatulent, antidopaminergic, antispasmodic, proton pump inhibitor, H2 antagonists, cytoprotectant, prostaglandin analogue, laxative, antidiarrhoeal, bile acid sequestrants, opioid www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/pharmacology   (386 words)

Pharmacology - Medical Encyclopedia hypnotic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, movement disorder drug, CNS stimulant, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist, amphetamine, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (see also Digestive system) antacid, reflux suppressant, antiflatulent, antidopaminergic, antispasmodic, proton pump inhibitor, H2 antagonists, cytoprotectant, prostaglandin analogue, laxative, antidiarrhoeal, bile acids www.nursingstudy.com /encyclopedia/Pharmacology.html   (386 words)

Pharmacology hypnotic, anaesthetics, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, anxiolytic, barbiturate, movement disorder drug, stimulant (including amphetamines), benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, cholinergic, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist ACE inhibitor, cardiac glycoside, phosphodiesterase inhibitor, nitrate, antianginal, antiarrhythmic, angiotensin receptor blocker, alpha blocker, beta-receptor blocker, calcium channel blocker, antihypertensive, diuretic, vasoconstrictor, vasodilator, peripheral activator, anticoagulant, heparin, antiplatelet drug, fibrinolytic, anti-hemophilic factor, haemostatic drugs, hypolipidaemic agent, statin. antacid, reflux suppressant, antiflatulent, antidopaminergic, antispasmodic, proton pump inhibitor, H2 antagonists, cytoprotectant, prostaglandin analogue, laxative, antidiarrhoeal, bile acid sequestrants, opioid www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/pharmacology   (386 words)

John D. York, Ph.D. John York studies the biology and enzyme regulation of inositol cellular signal transduction pathways, and the mechanisms of lithium action as it pertains to treatment of bipolar disorder (manic depression). John D. York, Ph.D. Dr. York is also Associate Professor of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and of Biochemistry at Duke University Medical Center. York is a recipient of a Burroughs Wellcome Career Award in the biomedical sciences, a Whitehead Scholar Award, and the 2002 Schering-Plough Scientific Achievement Award from the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. www.hhmi.org /research/investigators/york_bio.html   (386 words)

Pharmacology - Medical Encyclopedia hypnotic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, antidepressant (including tricyclic antidepressants), anti-emetic, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic, movement disorder drug, CNS stimulant, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cyclopyrrolone, dopamine antagonist, antihistamine, anticholinergic, emetic, cannabinoids, 5-HT antagonist, amphetamine, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, lithium salt, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor androgen, antiandrogen, gonadotropin, corticosteroid, growth hormone, insulin, antidiabetic, thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs, calcitonin, diphosponate, vasopressin analogues (see also Digestive system) antacid, reflux suppressant, antiflatulent, antidopaminergic, antispasmodic, proton pump inhibitor, H2 antagonists, cytoprotectant, prostaglandin analogue, laxative, antidiarrhoeal, bile acids www.nursingstudy.com /encyclopedia/Pharmacology.html   (386 words)

The Effects of Chronic Treatment with the Mood Stabilizers Valproic Acid and Lithium on Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Neuronal Systems -- Gilmor et al. 305 (2): 434 -- Journal of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics The Effects of Chronic Treatment with the Mood Stabilizers Valproic Acid and Lithium on Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Neuronal Systems -- Gilmor et al. The Effects of Chronic Treatment with the Mood Stabilizers Valproic Acid and Lithium on Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Neuronal Systems In the current studies, we chronically administered valproic acid jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/305/2/434   (425 words)

Lithium Protects Rat Cerebellar Granule Cells against Apoptosis Induced by Anticonvulsants, Phenytoin and Carbamazepine -- Nonaka et al. 286 (1): 539 -- Journal of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics We have studied the neuroprotective actions of lithium against various insults in cultured cerebellar granule cells of rats. Lithium inhibits phenytoin- and carbamazepine-induced internucleosomal DNA fragmentation of cerebellar granule cells. Lin WW, Wang CW and Chuang D-M (1997) Effects of depolarization and NMDA antagonists on the survival of cerebellar granule cells: A pivotal role for protein kinase C isoforms. jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/286/1/539   (5085 words)

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