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Topic: Little Penguin

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Penguin

Fairy penguin

Adelie Penguin

Gentoo Penguin

African Penguin

Emperor Penguin

Phillip Island

New Zealand

Little Egg Harbor, New Jersey

Pelecaniformes

Great Auk

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	Penguin - MSN Encarta
		Penguins come ashore to breed, but they are, in fact, true marine animals, spending as much as 80 percent of their lives at sea.
		Penguin populations are largest on the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula (the northernmost tip of Antarctica) and on subantarctic islands.
		Penguins vary in size from the little penguin (Eudyptula minor), which weighs 1.1 kg (2.4 lb) and is about 40 cm (16 in) tall, to the emperor penguin, which grows to 30 kg (66 lb) in weight and stands about 115 cm (45 in) tall.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761576981/Penguin.html (750 words)

	Little Penguin
		Little Penguins are threatened by a range of human-related activities.
		Colonies of Little Penguins have declined or disappeared in breeding areas altered by grazing or erosion.
		Little Penguins swim with their flippers and use their tail for guidance.
	www.amonline.net.au /factsheets/little_penguin.htm (1034 words)

	Little Penguin
		Little Penguins (Eudyptula minor) are more commonly known as Fairy Penguins due to their small size.
		Little Penguins typically return to their colonies to feed their chicks at dusk; the birds will tend to come ashore in small groups to provide some defense against predators which might pick off individuals one by one.
		The penguin that bit Linus Torvalds whilst on holiday in Australia, thus leading to the selection of Tux as the Linux logo, was a little penguin.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/fa/Fairy_penguin.html (252 words)

	Psycho Penguin - Home of Black Raven and Encodist
		Diving penguins reach 6 to 12 km/h (3.7 to 7.5 mph), though there are reports of velocities of 27 km/h (17 mph) (which are more realistic in the case of startled flight).
		Penguins have an average sense of hearing for birds (Wever et al 1969); this is used by parents and chicks to locate one another in crowded colonies (Jouventin et al 1999).
		Penguins have a thick layer of insulating feathers which are designed to keep them warm in water (heat loss in water is much greater than in air).
	www.psycho-penguin.com (1129 words)

	Little penguin
		The little penguin is the smallest of all penguins.
		Little penguins live for an average of seven years, and are ready for their first breeding season at around three years of age.
		Little penguins are protected under the National Parks and Wildlife Act, and the colony of little penguins at Manly on Sydney Harbour is protected as an endangered population under the Threatened Species Conservation Act.
	www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au /npws.nsf/Content/The+little+penguin (1142 words)

	DECC \| Little penguin
		The little penguin is the smallest of all penguins.
		Little penguins live for an average of seven years, and are ready for their first breeding season at around three years of age.
		Little penguins are protected under the National Parks and Wildlife Act, and the colony of little penguins at Manly on Sydney Harbour is protected as an endangered population under the Threatened Species Conservation Act.
	www.environment.nsw.gov.au /plantsanimals/TheLittlePenguin.htm (1041 words)

	Digimorph - Eudyptula minor (Little Penguin)
		Penguins in general (see also Spheniscus demersus, the jackass penguin, Aptenodytes forsteri, the emperor penguin, and Pygoscelis adeliae, the Adelie Penguin) are highly derived avians with no clear relatives among other living birds, although most studies suggest that they are related to one among a number of seabirds.
		Penguins are entirely aquatic and have evolved numerous associated adaptations, including specialized salt glands (which allow them to drink salt water), extremely flattened wing bones, and a unique system of water-proof feathers (Davis and Renner, 2003).
		Little penguins, although not listed as threatened or endangered, are in decline due to extreme predation by introduced mustelids (ferrets, stoats, and weasels) and dogs, as are many flightless New Zealand birds.
	www.digimorph.org /specimens/Eudyptula_minor (871 words)

	WWF - Penguins: The Flightless seabirds
		Penguins are a group of flightless seabirds found between 45 and 60 degrees south in the Southern Hemisphere.
		Penguins have a dense mass of overlapping, oil-tipped feathers and a thick layer of fat under the skin which combine to provide good insulation and waterproofing.
		Penguins are so well insulated that they must sometimes cool themselves by fluffing out their feathers and flooding blood through the blubber.
	www.panda.org /news_facts/education/middle_school/species/species_carnivores/penguin/index.cfm (942 words)

	Home Page
		The snow in the penguin rookeries was pink from the krill which is the main stable in their diet.
		Most of the Fiordland penguin and Humboldt peguins are courtsey of Peggy and John Wilcheck, the close up pictures of the Fiordland penguin are from books, 6 of the Eastern and Northern Rockhoppers are courtesy of Peter Harrison and the Northern Rockhopper Photo Gallery pictures are courtsey of Bob Hulse.
		Penguins are pelagic, flightless seabirds distributed in the cooler waters of the Southern Hemisphere.
	www.pkpenguins.com (1353 words)

	Little Penguin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Little Penguin (Eudyptula minor) is the smallest species of penguin, and breeding around the entire coastline of New Zealand and the Chatham Islands as well as southern Australia and Tasmania.
		Little penguins were also reported from Chile (where they are known as Pingüino pequeño or Pingüino azul) (Isla Chañaral 1996, Playa de Santo Domingo, San Antonio, 16 March 1997) but it is unclear whether these birds were vagrants.
		The Oamaru Blue Penguin Colony is the New Zealand equivalent to Phillip Island's penguin parade.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Little_Penguin (704 words)

	Little Penguin
		The Little Penguin, also known as the Fairy Penguin or Blue Penguin, is the smallest of the 18 penguin species and the only penguin to breed in Australia.
		The Little Penguin is covered in short stiff feathers, almost like scales, which are a blue-grey colour on their back and white on its belly.
		Ashore, the Little Penguin is vulnerable to attack by foxes, dogs and cats, whereas in the water it is on the menu for sharks, fur seals and sea lions.
	www.arazpa.org.au /default.aspx?ArticleID=81 (732 words)

	Little (Fairy) Penguin - Eudyptula minor
		Little or Fairy Penguins are relatively common in Australia being found along the east coast of Australia from Melbourne to Port Stephens.
		It is one of few known colonies of penguins to inhabit a major city in the world, managing to survive in Australia’s biggest city and busiest port.
		It is based on the biological requirements of the Fairy Penguin population and the potential impacts of known and suspected threats.
	www.fnpw.org.au /OurProjects/Plants_Wildlife/Little_Penguin.htm (678 words)

	Little Penguins
		White-flippered penguins are identified by a white stripe around the edges of the flippers and are found in New Zealand.
		Little penguins weigh typically around 1 kg with annual variations of up to 200g.
		Little penguins breed on the coasts of Southern Australia and Tasmania as well as in New Zealand and the Chatham Islands East of New Zealand.
	www.adelie.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /species_notes/l_blue.htm (421 words)

	Penguin Commercial
		But penguins like to play follow the leader, so once the “ice was broken” the rest seemed to think nothing of wandering into the back-up room and walking around on the blue material.
		The penguins were filmed from several different angles and elevations with the gentoos and macaronis walking toward and away from the camera, as well as side to side in front of the lens.
		That way the penguins were able to come and go as they pleased during the entire shoot.” “We filmed both gentoos and macaronis and had actually hoped to use the macs because of their unique look,” says director Greg Newberry.
	www.tnaqua.org /Animals/Penguin_commercial.asp (805 words)

	The Story of the Little Blue Penguin
		The Little Blue Penguin (Eudyptula minor: Greek for “good little diver”) is indigenous to the sub-Antarctic regions south of New Zealand.
		The plumage of the Blue Penguin is a slate-blue color, with bright white on the belly.
		The population of Blue Penguins is relative large, but they are rarely seen because of their small size and unusual habits.
	www.bluepenguin.biz /story.html (201 words)

	Penguins: Little (Blue) Penguins - Eudyptula minor
		Little Penguins breed across southern Australia and the islands of New Zealand, and it is estimated that their world breeding population is approximately 350-600,000 birds.
		Approximately 10% of the penguin population on Phillip Island is exposed to tourism.
		Penguin viewing has obvious cultural and financial benefits to local and regional communities, and the generation of revenue by the penguins, and public interest in the penguins, are persuasive factors in ensuring their proper management.
	www.penguins.cl /little-penguins.htm (2909 words)

	Australian Museum - Wild Kids - Birds - Little Penguin
		Little Penguins are the smallest penguins in the world and are the only penguin to breed in mainland Australia.
		Little Penguins are fl and white diving birds that live in small colonies in the seas of southern Australia.
		Little Penguins dig a burrow under a rock or grass tussock and line it with grass and leaves to make their nest.
	www.austmus.gov.au /wild_kids/birds/little_penguin.htm (247 words)

	Low Head Penguin Tours - About Penguins
		Little Penguins usually breed on offshore islands or, less commonly, along parts of the mainland coast that are inaccessible to mammalian predators.
		The Little Penguin’s streamlined shape and its efficient flippers enable it to seek prey in shallow short dives, typically between 10m and 30m.
		Fairy penguins have a distinctive song, which moves from a bass rumble to a trumpeting cry, accompanied by flipper, beak and body movements.
	www.penguintours.lowhead.com /penguins.html (780 words)

	New Zealand Birds \| Birds \| Gallery \| Eudyptula minor, little blue penguin
		Although the little blue penguin may not be as endangered as the other two penguins which breed on the New Zealand mainland — the fiordland crested penguin (tawaki) and the yellow–eyed penguin (hoiho) — many colonies have drastically declined or even disappeared and the Mauao colony may be no exception.
		Penguins are truly deserving of the title “sea bird” since they spend most of their time on the ocean, even sleeping on the water.
		Without controls on people and predators, basically the only places left for penguins within their range — most of our coastline and the southern coast of Australia — are deserted offshore islands and remote areas of the country where fewer people will have a chance to share in the enchantment of the world’s smallest penguin.
	www.nzbirds.com /birds/bluepenguin.html (1164 words)

	TerraNature \| New Zealand Ecology - Penguin
		Snares penguins nest in small colonies ranging from 10 to 1200 nests under the tree daisy forest on the coast of the main North East Island, and in the open on Broughton Island.
		The erect crested penguin nests in large colonies on rock ledges on the coastline, and is renowned for climbing very steep cliff faces.
		The rockhopper penguin is one six crested penguin species in the world, and one of the smallest at 40 cm tall and weighing 4kg.
	terranature.org /penguin.htm (1086 words)

	Brief Species Notes
		Royal penguins are sometimes regarded as a sub-species of Macaroni penguins with a white throat.
		Rockhopper penguins are perhaps the commonest of the crested penguins.
		Little penguins (or Fairy penguins) are found on the south coast of Australia and Tasmania (and a number of other Australian Islands) and on New Zealand and the Chatham Islands.
	www.adelie.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /species_notes/PENGNOTE.htm (875 words)

	DECC \| Little penguin population in Sydney's North Harbour
		Little penguins, which stand at only 30cm tall and weigh only 1kg when fully grown, are the world's smallest penguins.
		Manly's little penguin colony has been listed as an endangered population under the Threatened Species Conservation Act, and areas of North Harbour have been declared 'critical habitat' for the population.
		The Little Penguin Recovery Team consists of representatives from DEC, Manly Council, the Waterways Authority, NSW Fisheries, Manly Environment Centre, Taronga Zoo, the Southern Ocean Seabirds Study Association, and Charles Sturt University.
	www.environment.nsw.gov.au /plantsanimals/LittlePenguinsSydneyHarbour.htm (1147 words)

	Penguin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		These fossils prove that prehistoric penguins were already flightless and seagoing, so their origins probably reach as far back as 65 million years ago, before the extinction of the dinosaurs.
		Penguin ancestry beyond Waimanu is not well known, though some scientists (Mayr, 2005) think the penguin-like plotopterids (usually considered relatives of anhingas and cormorants) may actually be an early sister group of the penguins, and that penguins may have ultimately shared a common ancestor with the Pelecaniformes.
		Penguin is thought by some to derive from the Welsh words pen (head) and gwyn (white), applied to the Great Auk, which had a conspicuous white patch between the bill and the eye (although its head was fl), or from an island off Newfoundland known as "White Head" due to a large white rock.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Penguin (1696 words)

	Sydney Aquarium - Web Cams
		Saturday 12:36:23 AM The Fairy or Little Penguin is the smallest of the 18 species of penguin and the only one to breed in Australia.
		Penguins are birds that have lost the ability to fly.
		Little penguins are the world’s smallest breed of penguin
	www.sydneyaquarium.com.au /Interact/INT022.asp (197 words)

	Penguin.net.nz - Blue Penguins
		The blue or little penguin (Eudyptula minor), also known in Maori as korora, can be found in many places around New Zealand and Southern Australia and is the world's smallest penguin.
		Perhaps the most distinct is the "white-flippered" penguin of Canterbury, however genetic tests have shown it not to be as distinct as its plumage would suggest.
		Blue penguins make a variety of calls to keep in contact at sea (barks), declare territory and advertise for mates (brays) and to let the neighbours know they are home (croon).
	www.penguin.net.nz /species/blue/index.html (639 words)

	Little Blue Penguin, Eudyptula minor at MarineBio.org
		The little blue penguin, Eudyptula minor (Forster, 1781), aka little, blue or fairy penguin, was first described by Johann Reinhold Forster in the late 18th century during his voyages with Captain Cook on the HMS Resolution.
		Little blue penguins, Eudyptula minor, feed on small fishes, including Australian anchovies, crustaceans and squid diving to average depths of 10-20 m for an average of 24 seconds, although dives as deep as 60 m have been recorded.
		Little blue penguin populations are thought to have declined due to predation by land animals, particularly in areas where domestic animals are common.
	marinebio.org /species.asp?id=652 (683 words)

	MANLY ENVIRONMENT CENTRE
		Early in 1997 the Scientific Committee determined that both the Little Penguin (January 23) and the Long-nosed Bandicoot (February 28) colonies were threatened populations.
		After the penguins were declared a threatened population, NWPS advised Manly Council that it would be some years before a Recovery Plan could be prepared, as required under the Threatened Species Conservation Act.
		"Penguins did not congregate in the water...", "They were too fast for jet-skis..." and "it just did not happen because we did not have five battered, bloodstained and bruised corpses...", were just some of the comments from police officers, Waterways inspectorrs and the president of The Jet-skiers Association.
	www.mec.org.au /fauna/penguins.html (1197 words)

	DEC \| NSW threatened species - Little Penguin population in the Manly point area
		It is also common for the Manly penguins to double brood, that is, to produce a second clutch of eggs later in the season after the chicks from the first clutch have fledged.
		Penguins spend about 2 to 3 weeks ashore when moulting during which time they cannot forage until their new plumage is waterproof.
		Penguins forage closer to their colony and trips are short in duration during the breeding season but may range for days over hundreds of kilometres outside this period.
	www.threatenedspecies.environment.nsw.gov.au /tsprofile/profile.aspx?id=10321 (1189 words)

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