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	Littoral - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Littoral refers to the coast or to the banks of a river, lake or estuary.
		The littoral zone is bordered by the supra-littoral zone, also known as the "spray zone", and the sub-littoral zone, which runs to the edge of the continental shelf.
		Littoral is also used in the context of steam to describe events entailing condensation or vaporization.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Littoral (293 words)

	Littoral Department - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Littoral is one of the twelve departments of Benin, and is divided into 13 arrondissements.
		Littoral is the smallest of the twelve departments.
		Littoral was split from the Atlantique Department in 1999.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Littoral_Department (102 words)

	Ocean Regions: Littoral Zone - Characteristics
		The littoral zone is the part of the ocean closest to the shore.
		The littoral zone is from the shoreline to 600 feet (183 meters) out into the water and is divided into three zones: the supralittoral zone, the intertidal zone and the sublittoral zone.
		The littoral zone is a tricky area for predicting water conditions because so many factors affect it.
	www.onr.navy.mil /focus/ocean/regions/littoralzone1.htm (137 words)

	Littoral Warfare: Adapting To Brown-Water Operations
		Littoral Warfare: Adapting to Brown-Water Operations OUTLINE Thesis: Littoral warfare is not a new naval warfare function and focusing on it will not require the Navy to enact major warfighting reforms.
		Littoral warfare is not a new naval warfare function and focusing on it will not require the Navy to enact major warfighting reforms.
		Within the context of the new strategic landscape, littoral warfare may also entail conducting such non-traditional military missions as humanitarian assistance, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, and political stability operations, such as interpositioning, peacekeeping, and civic action/nation building.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1993/MFJ.htm (2228 words)

	MBG: Madagascar's Littoral Forests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The littoral forests of eastern Madagascar have rapidly shrunk since the island was colonized by man ca.
		The eastern littoral forest, which biogeographically corresponds to sites near sea level on sand within Madagascar’s humid bioclimatic region, is one of the most highly threatened and impacted vegetation types in the country, and is almost surely condemned to extinction unless immediate steps are taken to preserve it.
		Similarly, littoral forest blocks at Mandena, N of Ft. Dauphin in extreme SE Madagascar, are being degraded very quickly by local charcoal producers, and only a few parcels are likely to survive beyond the next few years.
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/research/littoral/welcome.shtml (1500 words)

	Littoral Defence
		Littoral Defence is a huge emphasis in Asia Pacific and majority of the Asia Pacific countries patrol and defend their littoral waters.
		Littoral defence is not merely about protection of the coastal front -- it encompasses the entire knowledge and operational know-how to effectively combine all various resources to attain an over-arching littoral defence strategy.
		The littoral environment is a complex and pan-dimensional threat theatre, and the means to defend and operate in the littoral is a multifaceted and difficult one.
	www.iqpc.com /cgi-bin/templates/singlecell.html?topic=221&event=6342 (251 words)

	LITTORAL
		Littoral has also been active in helping to document and respond to the willow growing and basket making traditions in the North West of England.
		Since 1990 Littoral has been advocating the role of the arts in ecological sustainability, and developing projects for artists in support of regional initiatives in response to social, economic and environmental change.
		Littoral is now entering the second phase of willow development work, and is about to launch the regional willow growers and makers marketing initiative.
	www.littoral.org.uk /programme_crafts.htm (1858 words)

	Littoral Combat Ship (LCS)
		It will have the capability to deploy independently to overseas littoral regions, remain on station for extended periods of time either with a battle group or through a forward-basing arrangement and will be capable of underway replenishment.
		The LCS concept is presently being defined and is envisioned to be an advanced hullform employing open systems architecture modules to undertake a number of missions and to reconfigure in response to changes in mission, threat, and technology.
		The LCS must be capable of operating at low speeds for littoral mission operations, transit at economical speeds, and high-speed sprints, which may be necessary to avoid/prosecute a small boat or submarine threat, conduct intercept operations over the horizon, or for insertion or extraction missions.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/systems/ship/lcs.htm (1313 words)

	Littoral Combat Ship Concept of Operations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Effective operations in the littoral will be characterized by speed, agility, integration with off board systems, survivability and signature control, for both the littoral force and individual platforms.
		Littoral combatants with these attributes have been part of Navy concept development and experimentation since 1999 - in the Title X Global wargame series, in the DARPA-sponsored Capabilities for the Navy After Next wargames, in Fleet Battle Experiments and in other field and lab experiments.
		Littoral combatant ships, with the appropriate network and off board systems, would be able to operate independently, interdependently as part of a littoral operations force, or as deployers with multi-mission fleet forces (Carrier Strike Groups / Expeditionary Strike Groups (CSGs/ESGs)) in a wide variety of tasks.
	www.nwdc.navy.mil /Concepts/Sea_Shield/LCSCONOPS.aspx (8308 words)

	LITTORAL ANTI-SUBMARINE WARFARE CONCEPT
		Littoral ASW operations protect naval forces, commercial and logistics shipping from enemy submarines, and thereby enable naval forces to project power ashore, conduct strategic sealift operations, and control or interdict sea lines of communications (SLOCs) that affect littoral objectives.
		Littoral ASW operations during periods of armed conflict should exploit defense-in-depth to maximize the flexibility of joint forces.
		Littoral ASW of the future requires the ability to deny adversary submarine influence over the entire joint operating area and supporting seaborne logistic routes without lengthy preparatory operations.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/ship/docs/aswcncpt.htm (12942 words)

	USGS Photo Glossary: Littoral cone
		A cone of lava fragments built on the surface of a lava flow pouring into a body of water, usually the sea, is called a littoral cone ("littoral" refers to a shoreline).
		Lava entering the ocean heats and boils seawater, often generating steam explosions that hurl tephra onto the shore, including spatter, bombs, blocks, ash,, lapilli, and, rarely, limu.
		Once thought to be exclusively created by `a`a flows, many littoral cones have been observed recently on the surface of pahoehoe flows at Kilauea Volcano.
	volcanoes.usgs.gov /Products/Pglossary/LittoralCone.html (286 words)

	Naval Concept Development - Littoral Combat Ship (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The demanding littoral missions of ASW, MCM, and countering small boats versus an asymmetric enemy that uses COTS technology to exploit the seams and vulnerabilities in our current force mix, are the exigencies of SEA SHIELD's battlespace access component.
		The Navy could task the current force structure with new littoral missions, but there are significant operational risk and cost decisions associated with using expensive, high end, power projection platforms against the enemy's fairly inexpensive surface, undersea and missile technologies.
		The access creation mission in the littoral suggests that a new type of platform survivable and versatile, with an optimally balanced battery of modular on and off board systems come early to the fight, and set the stage for sustained situational awareness, which can be converted into access and integrated into Joint planning and execution.
	www.nwdc.navy.mil /Concepts/Sea_Shield/LCS.aspx (508 words)

	World Builders littoral beachtide line
		The littoral zone is the area between the high tide mark and the low tide mark.
		The littoral zone, also called the intertidal zone, is a challenging one for life forms.
		The littoral zone is a zone of transition.
	curriculum.calstatela.edu /courses/builders/lessons/less/les5/littoral.html (506 words)

	Dictionary.com/Word of the Day Archive/littoral
		Like 49ers staking claims in California, the five littoral nations have asserted overlapping territorial claims in the Caspian itself.
		As the Portuguese moved south along the Upper Guinea Coast along the littoral of Sierra Leone, a region known as the Windward Coast, they entered another major area of rice cultivation.
		Littoral derives from Latin littoralis, litoralis, from litor-, litus, "the seashore."
	dictionary.reference.com /wordoftheday/archive/2002/09/15.html (176 words)

	[No title]
		The computerization of command systems and the use of electro-optical equipment as a supplement to radar in the LCS, have proved their worth and are seeing widespread acceptance.
		The littoral environment is a complex, pan-dimensional threat theater in which the participants can expect to be brought under concentrated attack by a variety of different modes with little or no warning.
		Its mission will include mine countermeasures, littoral ASW; defense of the battle force; small combatant defense; AAW, ASW, and SUW picket ship; maritime intercption operations; quarantine and blockade operations; and will be responsive across a range of operations.
	www.navyleague.org /legislative_affairs/doc/LittoralCombatShip.doc (319 words)

	Naval Technology - Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) High-Speed Surface Ship
		The Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) is the first of a new family of surface ships for the US Navy.
		LCS is designed to satisfy the urgent requirement for shallow draft vessels to operate in the littoral (coastal waters) to counter growing potential "asymmetric" threats of coastal mines, quiet diesel submarines and the potential to carry explosives and terrorists on small, fast, armed boats.
		In May 2004, the United States Department of Defense and the US Navy announced the selection of two separate defense contracting teams led by Lockheed Martin and General Dynamics to each carry out system design and options for the detailed design and construction of two Flight 0, or first generation, LCS ships.
	www.naval-technology.com /projects/littoral (1708 words)

	Navy Names New Littoral Combat Ship (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In developing capability to overcome access denial threats from surface and subsurface threats in the littoral, the Navy sought improved mine warfare capability, an effective counter to small, fast, highly-armed boats, and a ship better suited against quiet diesel submarines.
		The littoral combat ships are designed to meet that need.
		The littoral combat ships are the first Navy vessels to separate capability from hull form and provide a robust, affordable, mission-focused warship designed to provide assured access for our joint forces.
	www.military.com /features/0,15240,93551,00.html (501 words)

	California's Beaches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The California coastline has been divided into geographic segments called littoral cells, that incorporate a complete cycle of beach sediment supply, sand transport by the longshore current, and eventual permanent loss of sand from the littoral cell.
		The five types of littoral cells along the California coast are each characterized by a different littoral process determined by the geographic features unique to the cell type.
		Apart from littoral cell type, there are characteristic differences between Northern and Southern California beaches, depending upon the directions of prevailing wind and upon local coastal geology.
	ceres.ca.gov /ceres/calweb/coastal/beaches.html (1159 words)

	Littoral , Nature and the Spirit, New Poetry - Prose - Reviews
		Unfortunately, due to pressure of work and the fact that Littoral Magazine has failed to cover its costs - meaning that I've had to subidise it from my own finances - I have decided to cease publication with issue six.
		I shall be continuing with my small press poetry publishing enterprise and hope to produce three or four collections a year.
		I shall also have more time to devote to the poetry editorship of Pentacle Magazine, which is something I feel I've been neglecting of late.
	mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk /mervyn_linford/magazine.htm (121 words)

	Intertidal Animal Printouts - EnchantedLearning.com
		The intertidal area (also called the littoral zone) is where the land and sea meet, between the high and low tide zones.
		Much of this inhospitable environment is washed by the tides each day, so organisms that live here are adapted to huge daily changes in moisture, temperature, turbulence (from the water), and salinity.
		Moisture: The littoral zone is covered with salt water at high tides, and it is exposed to the air at low tides; the height of the tide exposes more or less land to this daily tide cycle.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /biomes/intertidal/intertidal.shtml (908 words)

	Littoral Cells (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Within individual littoral cells, features such as inlets, jetties, and rocky outcrops may define the boundaries of even smaller compartments, or subcells.
		These internal exchanges are typically described in terms of contributions to or losses from the littoral cell sediment budget.
		This is because maintenance of an adequate sand supply, and hence a wide sandy beach, not only provides benefits from the standpoint of hazard alleviation, but it also enhances recreational, scenic, and in turn, economic opportunities.
	www.csc.noaa.gov /beachmap/html/litcell.html (337 words)

	MBG: Madagascar's Littoral Forest (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Littoral forest in eastern Madagascar occurs on sandy soil close to the coastline, while forest further inland is more commonly characterized by laterite soils.
		Images were compared to known littoral sites on Du Puy and Moat’s (1996) map of estimated primary vegetation in Madagascar, along with ground truth data and field knowledge of areas recently visited by two of the authors.
		The characteristics of these areas were then used to identify other spectrally similar areas, resulting in six sites of priority for aerial photography and fieldwork.
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/research/littoral/digital.shtml (597 words)

	littoral
		Littoral warfare is a concern for the Navy at present.
		Such a gravimetric geoid can be then differenced from sea surface topography, as measured by radar altimeters aboard the aircraft to yield the sea surface height anomalies.
		Code 7420 has been addressing these issues in conjunction with the North Gulf Littoral Initiative conducted along the northern margin of Gulf of Mexico.
	mp-www.nrl.navy.mil /marine_physics_branch/littoral.htm (397 words)

	Littoral Warfare Modeling and Simulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The branch is responsible for leveraging programs to provide a “tool set” for the Littoral Warfare community, by developing new tools where necessary, modifying existing tools, or using tools provided by other organizations/activities.
		A common environment has been established for Littoral Warfare that can be used by anyone with interest in the littoral areas of the world.
		The Autonomous Littoral Warfare Systems Evaluator (ALWSE) simulation is used to simulate the dynamics, sensors and logic for a variety of unmanned systems used for reconnaissance of the very shallow water/surf zone region.
	www.ncsc.navy.mil /Capabilities_and_Facilities/Capabilities/Littoral_Warfare_Modeling_and_Simulation.htm (1809 words)

	Conservatoire du littoral
		On 10th July 1975, following a Government proposal, Parliament created a public organisation with the remit of ensuring the definitive protection of outstanding natural areas on the coast, banks of lakes and stretches of water of 1000 hectares or more.
		This was the beginning of the "Coastal protection agency" or "Conservatoire de l'espace littoral et des rivages lacustres".
		The "Coastal protection agency" is a public administrative body with the responsibility of conducting appropriate land-use policies for the protection of threatened natural areas.
	www.conservatoire-du-littoral.fr /front/process/Content.asp?rub=278&rubec=62 (767 words)

	Littoral Warfare Support by ARINC
		The mission of the United States Navy Littoral Warfare program is to maintain a dominant presence in the littorals, notwithstanding the enormous scope of the arena.
		In addition, the transition of their strategic focus from open-ocean warfighting to littoral warfare requires the development of entirely new ships, systems, and processes that can deliver enhanced capability, flexibility, and mobility.
		The ARINC team is working with the U.S. Navy to meet this exciting challenge by providing responsive, high-quality design, development, integration, test, and logistics support for their littoral warfare systems.
	www.arinc.com /products/naval_warfare/littoral_warfare.html (167 words)

	Metropolitanate of Montenegro and Littoral: English index
		Curriculum Vitae - Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Littoral Amphilochios (Radovic)
		Communique of the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral [ September 22nd, 2004]
		Homily of His Eminence Metropolitan Amfilohije of Montenegro and the Littoral at the funeral of Dr. Zoran Djindjic, Given in the Cathedral of Saint Sava in Belgrade [March 22th, 2003]
	www.mitropolija.cg.yu /aktuelno/index_eng.html (913 words)

	Littoral Warfare 2005
		Littoral warfare is vitally important to expeditionary NATO forces and is central to the transformation of navies across the Globe.
		Over the next few years, a variety of new naval vessels, weapon systems and sensors are being developed to meet the complex challenges and threats of the littoral environment.
		Littoral Warfare 2005 will give you a snapshot of some of the most exciting underwater developments including real-time communications for UUVs & the latest sonar for the German F125 frigate.
	www.iqpc.com /cgi-bin/templates/singlecell.html?topic=221&event=8123 (487 words)

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