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	Litz wire - Patent 4546210
		A litz wire according to claim 4, wherein said second insulating layer is covered over and outer surface thereof with a second adhesive layer.
		A litz wire according to claim 4, wherein said conductor is formed of electrically conductive metal.
		In the litz wire used, the.DELTA.d is decreased because the film ratio A is substantially constant with a decrease of the diameter de of the strand conductor.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4546210.html (1920 words)

	Litz wire fixation for low building height patent invention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The anchoring of the wire is performed to maintain the wire in a certain position prior to a soldering of the wire, and the anchoring in the prior art is performed by wrapping the wire around the pin several times.
		[0008] Furthermore, when litz wire is wrapped around the prior art pins, the litz wire has the tendency to release itself from the pin due to the fact that the individual strands straighten themselves, thereby creating a distance between the wire and the pin.
		This squeezing process is not sufficient to hold a litz wire before the winding process of the coil due to the forces used in the winding process, and therefore these pins are not useful for litz wires.
	www.freshpatents.com /Litz-wire-fixation-for-low-building-height-dt20060119ptan20060012455.php (1567 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		When soldering to copper comprising objects, such as copper wire or copper foil, is performed a problem arises in that the copper contained in the objects may dissolve from the copper comprising object, leading to a poor solder connection, or even, in the case of thin wires, to a break in the wire.
		Litz wires are composite wires, in which a bundle of thin wires is used.
		Litz wires are used in high frequency applications such as in deflection units for CRT's or in high-frequency electrical transformers.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=04/105997.041209&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2049 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A type of cable called litz wire (from the German Litzendraht, braided wire) is used to mitigate the skin effect for frequencies of a few kilohertz to about one megahertz.
		It consists of a number of insulated wire strands woven together in a carefully designed pattern, so that the overall magnetic field acts equally on all the wires and causes the total current to be distributed equally among them.
		Litz wire is often used in the windings of high-frequency transformers, to increase their efficiency.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=skin_effect (582 words)

	Chrysler Imperial Wiring Problems and Repairs
		I think that some wire manufacturers never vulcanised their rubber insulation.There are a couple of outfits that sell the stuff, sun wire being one of them, most catering to those with vintage electrical equipment.
		I have a blue wire with female connector from the compressor that matches the blue wire from the wiring harness nicely (except the gauge from the harness is smaller than out of the compressor).
		I suspect the car is incorrectly wired at the fuse panel, with the "I" wire to the regulator connected at the wrong terminal on the fuse block, but you are going to need to carefully follow the colors and connections as laid out for you in the FSM to dope this all out.
	www.imperialclub.com /~imperialclub/Repair/Electrical/wires.htm (2775 words)

	Chimera Labs Do it yourself- Cable (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Litz braiding a poor conductor is an exercise in futility.
		The current transfer capabilities and DC resistance of your Litz construction are based on the wire size and the number of strands you select to braid.
		Since the interconnect Litz braid has 4 strands, the two positive are soldered to the center pin and the two negative strands are soldered to the right and left side face of the slot.
	www.chimeralabs.com /diy_braid.html (2340 words)

	Litz Wire
		Generally defined, it is a wire constructed of individually film insulated wires bunched or braided together in a uniform pattern of twists and length of lays.
		It is also essential to position each individual strand in the litz construction in a uniform pattern moving from the center to the outside and back in a given length.
		Some litz wires are further insulated with a single or double wrap, or serving of a textile, typically nylon.
	www.surplussales.com /Wire-Cable/LitzWire.html (390 words)

	Litz Wire Applications \| Litz-Wire.com
		It refers to wire consisting of a number of individually insulated magnet wires twisted or braided into a uniform pattern, so that each strand tends to take all possible positions in the cross-section of the entire conductor.
		In Litz wire windings, proximity effect may be sub-divided into internal proximity effect (the effect of other currents within the bundle) and outer proximity effect (the effect of the current in other bundles).
		Litz wire may be quoted as served or unserved.
	www.litz-wire.com /applications.html (694 words)

	Litz Wire Information on GlobalSpec
		Litz wire construction is designed to minimize the power losses exhibited in solid conductors due to "skin effect." Skin effect is the tendency of radio frequency current to be concentrated at the surface of the conductor.
		Litz constructions counteract this effect by increasing the amount of surface area without significantly increasing the size of the conductor.
		When choosing a Litz wire for a given application, there are a number of important specifications to consider which will greatly affect the performance of the wire.
	wire-cable.globalspec.com /LearnMore/Electrical_Electronic_Components/Wires_Cables/Litz_Wire (516 words)

	Re: Soldering Litz Wire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		We are a contract manufacturer and tin litz wire up to 1 inch in diameter.
		There is solderable litz wire and non-solderable litz wire.A solder pot with a 5 lb capacity is only good for wire up to.25 " diameter.
		Depending on the diameter you may need to leave the wire in for 2 to 60 seconds.
	www.midnightscience.com /_web/00001b42.htm (78 words)

	Lodestone Pacific - Shielded Coil Forms
		Litz wire is described as 7/41 (7 strands of 41 AWG), or 15/44 (15 strands of 44 AWG.) and will tend towards larger bundles of smaller strands as frequency is increased.
		Above 1 Mhz, the advantages of reduced resistance using Litz wire are nullified by the disadvantages of increased capacitive losses created by the stranding.
		As the capacitance of adjacent turns as well as the capacitance from the winding to the core becomes significant, stranded wire should be abandoned in favor of heavier solid wire.
	www.lodestonepacific.com /products/vscf/pg6.html (557 words)

	Speculation: litz wire, sewer ground (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Myself, i would not get litz wire, fearing that the small strands would be subject to corona losses.
		Litz wire should, due to the "internal" insulation, always have lower "linear packing density" (which i understand to bea good thing...) than plain insulated solid wire.
		Litz wire was developed for flexibility (irrelavant to tesla coil work) and hf perfromance (relavant, but I do not believe Litz wire is apropos for hi power hf work.) (For those unfamiliar with litz wire: it is a specialized form of stranded wire, with the individual conductors "insulated" from erach other.
	www.pupman.com /listarchives/1995/march/msg00026.html (392 words)

	Elektrisola \| fine and ultrafine enamelled copper wire \| litz wire \| magnet wire
		It is also essential to position each individual strand in the litz construction in a uniform pattern moving from the centre to the outside and back in a given length.
		Wires intended for higher frequency ranges require more strands of a finer gauge size than litz wires of equal cross sectional area but composed of fewer and larger strands.
		Litz wires are generally further insulated with a single or double wrap or serving, of a textile-typically nylon.
	www.elektrisola.com (865 words)

	More on Litz Wire
		Litz wire for the VLF inductors is covered also in Watt's book and in "Antenna Engineering Handbook" by Richard Johnson (1993).
		Litz seems to be essential for the very high power VLF rigs.
		The example on the New England Electric Wire page shows an example calculation at 100Khz where the AC resistance is reduced from 51.3 ohms to 2.79 ohms/1000ft using Litz.
	www.amrad.org /pipermail/tacos/1998/000198.html (624 words)

	Condenser Microphone Litz Wire Source (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Litz wire is normally used in lower frequency rf circuits to reduce "skin effect" losses.
		This wire can be tinned and soldered by holding a hot soldering iron at the end until the enamel melts and the solder flows on the end.
		The reason you need lightweight flexible wire is the fact that the element only weighs a little more than a half ounce and to permit the shock mounting to be effective, it must be suspended primarily by the small rubber band.
	members.cox.net /xsamo/amp-litz.htm (278 words)

	Litzendraht Wire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Litzendraht Wire (Litz wire) is a bundle of multiple insulated strands which, in theory, has lower ac resistance than a single strand of the same cross sectional area.
		The use of conductors consisting of a number of fine wires to reduce the skin effect is common.
		The resistance ratio for the composite stranded wire (for moderate frequencies) will be about 1/4 to 1/3 of the way between the two values.
	home.earthlink.net /~jimlux/hv/litz.htm (1075 words)

	Litz Wire, High Q capacitors
		Litz wire is used for high power RF applications because of the high currents involved and the skin effect at RF frequencies.
		Litz wire avoids the problem by handling much larger currents without skin effect losses.
		The wire size of a 0.01 uF might be the same as a 0.05 uF.
	lists.altadena.net /pipermail/speleonics/1997-March/000544.html (554 words)

	diyAudio Forums - Making car amplifier SMPS with tl494 + DC Protection
		Litz wire is the only way to go, it gets rid of the "skin effect" and makes the supply more efficient.
		Litz wire was designed to get around what is called the "skin effect" of wire.
		Litz wire is just a lot of verry small wire braided together to make a large conductor.
	www.diyaudio.com /forums/showthread.php?postid=735378 (526 words)

	Crystal Radio Construction Hints
		Larger litz, such as the 3/54/38 (162 strand 38 gauge) is difficult to solder all the conductors properly when all bunched together.
		After that, move the part of the wire you want to solder about a quarter inch (6 mm) from the terminal you wish to have that wire soldered to.
		Once the wire is aligned parallel with the terminal, touch the iron to the wire and move both, touching the diode terminal.
	www.schmarder.com /radios/misc-stuff/cp.htm (1359 words)

	Primary AC resistance measurements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Yes, I am sure that this is in fact Litz wire with individually insulated strands, and that all strands at both ends were stripped and tinned together.
		If my Litz wire were made of #38 strands as the vendor had indicated, things would probably have measured very differently.
		I often hear advice saying that aluminum wire is utterly unsuitable for use in a Tesla coil, due to the skin effect forcing the surface currents into the outer oxide layer.
	users.rcn.com /laushaus/tesla/primary_resistance.htm (1681 words)

	Magnet Wires - Hitachi Cable, Ltd.
		Hitachi Cable, Ltd. is a leading supplier of Litz wire for DY applications in compact, lightweight and high performance electrical equipment.
		Litz wire, the commonly used term for "Stranded Enameled Wire", is used to reduce temperature increases that occur when equipment operates at high frequency.
		Litz wire production uses the most technologically advanced equipment and is manufactured under the tightest quality control system.
	www.hitachi-cable.co.jp /en/magnet (198 words)

	Litz Wire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The term "Litz," derived from the German word "Litzendraht," describes a conductor consisting of a number of separately insulated strands that are twisted or braided together.
		In 1898, New England Electric Wire Corporation became the first company in the United States to manufacture Litz wire on a commercial basis.
		Typical applications for Litz conductors which we have manufactured include high frequency inductors and transformers, inverters, communication equipment, ultrasonic equipment, sonar equipment, television equipment, radio equipment and induction heating equipment.
	www.iadpartners.com /iad/neewc/litz/litz.htm (159 words)

	Litz wire available at Corning Electronics Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		So I bought a pound spool of 40/44 SPNSN from MWS Wire Co. This is served litz wire made with 40 strands of 44 gauge insulated wire with a nylon wrapping.
		The wire will be spooled off in a 4 to 6 inch diameter loop, attached with a couple of twist ties.
		When you receive your wire, please wind the wire on a drum (oatmeal box or large plastic soda bottle) so as not to kink or tangle the wire.
	www.lightlink.com /cornelec/catalog/litzwire.htm (205 words)

	Connector assembly for internally-cooled Litz-wire cable - Patent 4963694
		The insulation is stripped from the copper wires or strands 16 by dipping in hot (400 degrees C.) alkali solution and scouring with a hard wire brush.
		The ends 16A of the wires are then formed into the annular configuration having a mean thickness roughly equal to one skin depth in brass.
		Then after the wire ends are soldered to the transition component 20, the collar 28 is slidably moved forward toward the transition component 20.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4963694.html (4054 words)

	Custom cables, litz wire, flat braided wire, copper magnet wire, enameled magnet wire, magnet wire, and magnet wire ...
		Litz wire conductors are beneficial for reducing A.C. losses in high frequency windings.
		New England Wire Technologies, the premier magnet wire manufacturers in the industry, has taken the principle behind Litz wire and improved it.
		In most Litz magnetic wire applications, the magnet wire coating is generally not sufficient for insulating between winding turns, separate windings, and between the winding and ground as the magnet wire coating can easily be damaged.
	www.newenglandwire.com /litz.asp (505 words)

	Litz wire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Litz wire is stranded wire with individually insulated strands, used to reduce eddy-current losses (skin effect and proximity effect) in high-frequency (typically 5 kHz to 1 MHz) applications.
		Although litz wire manufacturers publish information on recommended sizes of strands for different frequencies, and on calculating losses for a given frequency and construction, the actual mangetic field in a transformer or inductor is different from what they base the calculations on.
		For more information, visit this list of papers on this topic and related subjects.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~sullivan/litzwire.html (92 words)

	Litz wire
		I always though that Litz wire was for high requency and coilguns are considered more like a low frequency even though they are DC and frequency is an AC thing.
		Litz wire, being composed of lots of thin wires, has more surface so more of the conductor is used.
		The greatest advantages of litz wire is that AC resistance will remain more constant over a band of frequencies given fine enough strands or a bounded window of frequencies.
	old.4hv.org /index.php?board=5;action=display;threadid=5111 (1541 words)

	Skin Effect
		The actual losses in one strand of a litz bundle are simply a result of the total external field, due to the currents in all the other strands present.
		The objective of twisting or weaving litz wire, as opposed to just grouping fine conductors together, is to ensure that the strand currents are equal.
		The analysis described here considers the strands of all litz bundles to be uniformly distributed in the window, as they would be in a single winding using N turns of wire the diameter of the litz strands.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~sullivan/litzwire/skin.html (580 words)

	Re: Litz wire verses solid wire what is the difference?
		You have an excellent set of references there, all the applicable formulae are the usual ones, but modified by reference to the impedance tables for a specific litz wire.
		Litz wire has a HIGHER resistance at low frequencies than an "equivalent" section solid wire, but it has a much lower HF resistance than solid, since the wires are insulated and randomly woven through the material.
		I have to confess, that, apart from a couple of exotic bridge transformers and an ultra flexible connector to a record deck pickup (don't ask) I have never had to use Litz wire, and I haven't used it in an RF transformer, The first ref you give seems pretty helpful.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/jul2000/964825820.Eg.r.html (147 words)

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