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	Liu Shaoqi - MSN Encarta
		Liu Shaoqi (simplified Chinese: 刘少奇; traditional Chinese: 劉少奇; pinyin: Liú; Shàoqí; Wade-Giles: Liu Shao-ch'i) (November 24, 1898 – November 12, 1969) was a Chinese...
		Liu was born the youngest of nine children to a wealthy rural family in Hunan province.
		In 1968 Liu was expelled from the CCP and imprisoned.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761565295/Liu_Shaoqi.html (619 words)

	Liu Shaoqi
		Liu Shaoqi (刘少奇 in pinyin: liu2 shao4 qi2), (1898 - 1969) was a leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the People's Republic of China.
		Liu received his university education in Moscow, USSR in 1921 and joined the CPC in the same year.
		Liu was elected as the CPC General Secretary in 1943.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/li/Liu_Shaoqi.html (227 words)

	Liu Shaoqi
		Liu was brought down during the Cultural Revolution.
		Liu became a tradeâunion organizer and, after joining Mao at his Jiangxi soviet (people's republic), participated in the âLong Marchâ of 1934â“35.
		Liu was rehabilitated posthumously in 1980, after the accession to power of Deng Xiaoping.
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /site/encyclopedia/article_show/Liu_Shaoqi/m0018947.html (604 words)

	Liu Shaoqi - FREE Liu Shaoqi Biography \| Encyclopedia.com: Facts, Pictures, Information!
		Attacked during the early stages of the Cultural Revolution (1966-76) as the "number one capitalist-roader," Liu was stripped of power in 1968.
		There, at the age of 24, she met Liu Shaoqi, who was nearly twice her age and had...
		A leader of the trades union movement, Liu Shaoqi was the chief theorist of the early Chinese Communist Party.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-LiuShaoq.html (881 words)

	Liu Shaoqi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Liu Shaoqi (Simplified Chinese: 刘少奇; Traditional Chinese: 劉少奇; pinyin: Liú Shàoqí; Wade-Giles: Liu Shao-ch'i) (November 24, 1898 – November 12, 1969) was a Chinese Communist leader.
		By 1967 Liu and his wife Wang Guangmei were under house arrest in Beijing.
		Liu was removed from all his positions and expelled from the Party in October 1968 and disappeared from view.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Liu_Shaoqi (591 words)

	President Liu Shaoqi, Chinese Military Leaders of the Korean War
		Liu Shaoqi came from the same region and more or less the same social background as Mao Zedong.
		Liu was born in Hunan Province in 1898, the youngest son of a rich peasant landowner.
		Liu was an energetic man, very disciplined, conscientious, a good speaker but quiet in his private life.
	www.paulnoll.com /Korea/War/gov-Liu-Shaoqi.html (447 words)

	Liu Shaoqi:a ex-president of China from Hunan
		Liu Shaoqi, the son of a landowner, was born in Yinshan, China, in 1898.
		Soon afterwards Liu Shaoqi was appointed Vice-Chairman in the party under Mao, and the president of the country.
		Liu Shaoqi resigned from all his posts on 13th October 1968, and died in 1969 in Henan.
	english.rednet.cn /c/2006/06/13/915127.htm (507 words)

	Liu Shaoqi - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Liu Shaoqi (1898-1969), Chinese Communist leader, who became the most prominent victim of the Cultural Revolution.
		Initially Liu Shaoqi attempted to contain the threat by establishing his own Cultural Revolution group.
		In 1959 he retired as head of state and was succeeded by the moderate Liu Shaoqi; he...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Liu_Shaoqi.html (90 words)

	The Mass Line: Chapter 37 - Chinese Revisionism and the Mass Line (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Liu Shaoqi was a high-ranking member of a Party which was led by Mao Zedong and which enthusiastically adopted and proclaimed Mao's mass line.
		For Liu, the important point was that the party member should devote himself selflessly to the cause of the people; the purity of that devotion was the best safeguard of his ability to act correctly on their behalf.
		In light of all the evidence that Liu Shaoqi never correctly understood the mass line and opposed it to the extent he did understand it, it is interesting to see the new revisionist rulers in China laud his "great contributions" and "faithfulness" to the mass line.
	members.aol.com /TheMassLine/MLch37.htm (8448 words)

	The Mass Line: Chapter 37 - Chinese Revisionism and the Mass Line
		For Liu, the important point was that the party member should devote himself selflessly to the cause of the people; the purity of that devotion was the best safeguard of his ability to act correctly on their behalf.
		In light of all the evidence that Liu Shaoqi never correctly understood the mass line and opposed it to the extent he did understand it, it is interesting to see the new revisionist rulers in China laud his "great contributions" and "faithfulness" to the mass line.
		Like Liu Shaoqi he wrote short expositions of the mass line such as the one contained in his 1956 report to the 8th Congress of the CPC on the revision of the Party constitution.
	www.massline.info /mlms/mlch37.htm (8665 words)

	[No title]
		Their personal relationships, close association with Liu Shaoqi, their pre-1966 ideological differences and policy disputes with Mao, and their disagreements with the Maoists about Wu Han's play were related to their loss of executive positions and political power to Mao's faction in the summer of 1966.
		Liu Shaoqi agreed with Mao that the nature of contradictions between proletariat and bourgeoisie had become "non-antagonistic" but held that the appropriate way of handling them was through unity, not criticism "from the outside." Mao had to exercise the authority of his chairmanship to get his way.
		The purge of Liu Shaoqi in late 1966, after all, was preceded by the fall from power of his protege Peng Zhen, who was accused of harboring the "Three-Family Village" and Liu Ren and building "an independent kingdom" in resisting the cultural revolution.
	mcel.pacificu.edu /aspac/papers/scholars/yick/yick.htm (7505 words)

	Liu Shaoqi Research \| Find Liu Shaoqi Articles \| Encyclopedia.com: FREE Online Dictionary, Encyclopedia, Articles And ...
		Liu Shaoqi was president from 1959 to 1967...
		Chen Yun have been added to those for Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi and Zhu De at the Memorial Hall of Chairman Mao, which is located...
		Liu, who is the son of the late Chinese president Liu Shaoqi,...
	www.encyclopedia.com /topic/Liu_Shaoqi.aspx (694 words)

	Wang Guangmei; former first lady of China; 85 \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Wang Guangmei, the widow of China's former President Liu Shaoqi and a powerful figure before she was imprisoned during the Cultural Revolution, died Friday in Beijing.
		Liu was president from 1959 to 1967, when he became one of the first high-level officials to be denounced as a “capitalist roader”; and purged by Mao during the Cultural Revolution.
		Liu Yuan, was appointed a political commissar of the Academy of Military Sciences, a rank equivalent to a Cabinet minister, according to Reuters.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20061019/news_1m19wang.html (607 words)

	Liu Shaoqi Biography Summary
		Liu Shaoqi was a tragic political figure, symbolizing the political struggle occurring in China over the first fifty years of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
		It reads, "The renegade, traitor and scab Liu Shaoqi must forever be expelled from the Party!" Note that the characters that form Liu Shaoqi's name are crossed out.
		In August 1988 Liu Xiaobo, a young literary critic in Beijing, left China for Norway, Hawaiiand finally New York, where he was a visiting scholar in Chinese literature at Columbia University, a status he still holds.
	www.bookrags.com /Liu_Shaoqi (213 words)

	The Cultural Revolution in China, 1966-1976
		Liu Shaoqi, the head of government of China, was deposed in 1968, beaten and tortured and died in 1969.
		As noted above, Liu Shaoqi, who was officially the head of government in China, and his wife were imprisoned and tortured.
		Liu's wife, Wang Guangmei, was lured by trickery out of her home and taken to a mass meeting and publically humiliated.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/cultrev.htm (2054 words)

	Wang Guangmei, 85, Dies; Former First Lady of China - New York Times
		Liu Shaoqi was president from 1959 to 1967, when he became one of the first high-level officials to be denounced as a “capitalist roader” and purged by Mao during the Cultural Revolution.
		Liu was rehabilitated by the Communist Party, and the notorious Gang of Four, who were accused of conspiring on Mao’s behalf, were imprisoned and put on trial.
		Liu Yuan, was appointed a political commissar of the Academy of Military Sciences, a rank equivalent to a cabinet minister, according to Reuters.
	www.nytimes.com /2006/10/17/obituaries/17wang.html?ex=1318737600&en=58691245f80dce18&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss (720 words)

	Liu Shaoqi - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		He became vice chairman of the Communist Party in 1959, but was forced from office during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1969).
		Liu Shaoqi (1898-1969), Chinese Communist leader and one-time political heir to Mao Zedong.
		In the mid-1960s Mao sensed that the Chinese Communist Party was becoming increasingly elitist and bureaucratic.
	encarta.msn.com /Liu_Shaoqi.html (136 words)

	China and Inner Asia Sessions (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Song Yongyi reveals a less-known Liu Shaoqi, who is often described as a chief victim of the GPCR but in fact acted as a persecutor in a number of political campaigns prior to the GPCR that inevitably led to his own downfall.
		Liu Shaoqi, the former PRC President and number 2 leader of the CCP, was certainly one of the biggest victims of the Cultural Revolution since he was persecuted to death in 1969.
		Liu led the "Four Clean-Ups Movement" in early 1960s in which many ordinary people and officials at the grass roots were persecuted.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/2006abst/China/C-172.htm (890 words)

	Liu Shaoqi
		Meanwhile, Liu Shaoqi died at the age of 71, implicating his glorious and great life.
		The tower is decorated by the background of plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum and lotus, which implies the lofty thought of Liu Shaoqi for persisting in the truth and never changing his aspiration.
		Moreover, Liu Shaoqi accompanied Jin Richeng to meet Mao Zedong from Beijing to Wuhan by the plane on the eve of discussion war between China and Soviet Union.
	www.shaoqi.cn /en/index.htm (532 words)

	The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in China, 1966-1976
		Liu Shaoqi, the head of government of China, was deposed in 1968, beaten and tortured and died in 1969.
		Liu's wife, Wang Guangmei, was lured by trickery out of her home and taken to a mass meeting and publically humiliated.
		Liu died from the beatings and his wife was imprisoned in solitary confinement for about a decade.
	www2.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/cultrev.htm (2209 words)

	花崗齋文集 Collected Writings from the Granite Studio: Wang Guangmei (Madame Liu Shaoqi), 1921-2006
		Too sick to resist, Liu was denied medical treatment for his condition and was finally left to die naked and alone on a concrete floor in a locked and uninsulated outbuilding near Kaifeng.
		What I've always found fascinating about Liu is the big counter-historical "what if?" In 1962, Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping began experimenting with many of the same policies that would characterize the first phase of the Reform Era (1978-1984).
		But it's not impossible to suggest that Liu and Deng were simply ahead of their times in 1963 and their main mistake was to underestimate the depths of Mao's commitment to permanent revolution.
	granitestudio.blogspot.com /2006/10/wang-guangmei-madame-liu-shaoqi-1921.html (956 words)

	Wang Guangmei, former China first lady
		SHANGHAI, China - Wang Guangmei, widow of President Liu Shaoqi and a powerful figure in China before she was imprisoned during the Cultural Revolution, died Friday in Beijing.
		Liu was president from 1959 to 1967, when he became one of the first high-level officials to be denounced as a "capitalist roader" and purged by Mao Tse-tung during the Cultural Revolution.
		After Mao's death in 1976, Liu was rehabilitated by the Communist Party, and the notorious Gang of Four, accused of conspiring in Mao's behalf, was imprisoned and tried.
	www.azcentral.com /arizonarepublic/arizona/articles/1018death1018.html (510 words)

	Cultural Revolution - China History - China
		Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping decided to end many Leap policies such as rural communes and restore the economic policies used before the Great Leap.
		Many prominent politicians and former leaders were also purged and labeled as "counterrevolutionaries"; Liu Shaoqi was sent to a detention camp, a virtual prison, where he later died in 1969 due to a lack of food and other necessities of life.
		In Beijing, Liu and Deng were once again the targets of criticism, but others, who were not as engaged in the CCP criticism sessions, like Chen Boda and Kang Sheng, pointed at the wrongdoings of the Vice-Premier of the State Council Tao Zhu.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Cultural_Revolution (6148 words)

	Stefan Landsberger's Chinese Propaganda Poster Pages--Liu Shaoqi
		Until the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), Liu Shaoqi was considered to be the successor to Mao Zedong.
		After completing the Long March (1934-1935), Liu was active both in Yan'an and in the so-called white areas (territory neither occupied by the Japanese, nor governed by the Guomindang or the CCP).
		In October 1968, Liu was officially denounced as "a renegade, traitor and scab hiding in the Party, a lackey of imperialism, modern revisionism and the Guomindang reactionaries", formally stripped all his positions and permanently expelled from the Party.
	www.iisg.nl /~landsberger/lsq.html (683 words)

	Wikipedia: Liu
		Since the English transliteration depicts several chinese characters, liu represents family names 劉; (Lau in Cantonese Chinese), 柳, 留 and 六.
		In Cantonese transliteration, Liu is another Chinese name 廖.
		Liu Wenjing, one of the advisors of Tang Gaozu
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/l/li/liu.html (124 words)

	Video 1 - Segment 2
		Liu Shaoqi took over as Chairman after Mao withdrew and greatly struggled to help rebuild one Chinese state, however China did manage to recover quite fast.
		Mao then retreated from the political position of chairman and was succeeded by Liu Xiaoqi who, along with Deng Xiaoping and Zhou Enlai adopted a careful economic plan where they shifted from the heavy industry model to consumer goods and allowing communal farmers to profit from outside farming.
		Liu Chi and other major party officials were publically ridiculed and overthrown.
	www-agecon.ag.ohio-state.edu /class/AEDE439/mao_era.htm (2181 words)

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