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Topic: Lively Ball Era

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	Sample Paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The crack of the bat connecting with a fastball, the slap of the ball on the mitt, and the roar of the crowd after a homerun are all common sounds of a baseball game.
		Al Spalding, the maker of Professional Baseball’s “dead balls” said, “It (the ball) was usually made on the spot by some boy offering up his woolen socks as an oblation, and these were raveled and wound round a bullet, a handful of strips cut from a rubber overshoe, a piece of cork, or almost anything.
		The start of the Lively Ball Era was influenced not only by the introduction of the cork-centered baseball, but also by the fact that baseballs were machine wound.
	www.bubblers.k12.pa.us /ybms/samplepaper.htm (2319 words)

	BaseballLibrary.com
		The umps were told that in the event a ball broke into more than one part during a play, the largest part of the core was to be used to complete the play.
		In 1987, there were record numbers of homers hit, and in 1996, veteran manager Sparky Anderson took to calling an apparent rebirth of the lively-ball phenomenon "nitro ball." And talk of the lively ball grew loud again in 1998 with the record-breaking race between Sosa and McGwire.
		Lively ball or no, certain rule changes have improved batting averages.
	www.baseballlibrary.com /baseballlibrary/excerpts/spitters4.stm (1507 words)

	Herb Score - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A left-hander, Score struck out 245 batters in his rookie year, a rookie record that stood until 1984, when it was topped by Dwight Gooden (Score, Gooden, Don Sutton and Kerry Wood were actually the only four rookie pitchers to top 200 strikeouts in the 20th century).
		Score returned late in the 1958 season, but fearful of being hit by another batted ball, his pitching motion was altered, and he was never quite the same pitcher.
		They explained what they called "the Smokey Joe Wood Syndrome," where a player of truly exceptional talent but a career curtailed by injury should still, in spite of not having had career statistics that would quantitatively rank him with the all-time greats, should still be included on their list of the 100 greatest players.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Herb_Score (510 words)

	DEADBALL ART
		Kid Eberfeld was such a man. A member of the 1st New York AL team to be in a pennant race he had the ill fortune to be at SS when Chesbro sailed a spitter over the catchers head in a pivotal game, with it went the Highlanders chance to win the AL title.
		In 1908 Gabby caught a ball dropped from the Monument, the next year the Reach Guide reported that Gabby was the first man to accomplish this feat, however 13 years earlier Pop Snyder of the Chicago team had completed the same feat with many teammates, including Cap Anson surrounding him.
		In an era of heavy workloads Ed twice pitched more than 420 innings winning 40 in 1908 the second most in a season in modern major league history, Ed was considered one of teh best looking of all teh white sox and was favored by the ladies.
	www.deadballart.com /players.htm (5858 words)

	American Heroes
		with the lively ball in use during the early 1920s, he lined 201 hits in '22 but was 49 hits shy of Rogers Hornsby's league leading total of 250...
		The advent of the lively ball that propelled the home run totals of Babe Ruth and the lofty.400 batting averages by George Sisler, Rogers Hornsby, Harry Heilmann and Ty Cobb in the early 1920s made the country's fans return to the Stadiums after the 'Black Sox' threw the 1919 World Series.
		The major leagues' baseball players during the 'lively ball era' of the 1920s and 1930s and the 'rapid ball' of the late 1990s running thru the present time have a much higher batting average than any other time period in baseball history.
	www.baseballhistorian.com /html/american_heroes.cfm?page=131 (1212 words)

	Sport! Science: That's the Way the Ball Bounces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Balls are suited to the games that we play with them.
		During this "deadball" era, long base hits were rare, and "hitting it where they ain't" was the strategy of the day.
		In 1911, the use of a corkcentered, springier, "lively ball" made the home run king, and paved the way for Babe Ruth, Hank Aaron, and generations of fence-busters.
	www.exploratorium.edu /sports/ball_bounces (346 words)

	Homerunweb -- Earned Run Average
		As the basic statistical measure of a pitcher, ERA determines the average number of earned runs scored against a pitcher every nine innings; an earned run is a run that's the pitcher's fault, while an unearned run, which is usually the result of a fielding error, is not.
		To be eligible for the yearly ERA championship, a pitcher must have thrown at least one inning for every game his team played, usually 162.
		From the war until the 1960s, ERAs fell slightly, and in the mid- to late-1960s, they reached lows that hadn't been seen since the dead ball era.
	www.homerunweb.com /era.html (388 words)

	Homerunweb -- Lively Ball Era
		With this new ball, Babe ruth slammed 54 then 59 home runs, shattering the major league record, and for the rest of the decade, batters went wild and, more importantly, attendance soared.
		That's because the ball used from 1920 to 1926 was not in any substantial way different from that used from 1911from 1919.
		Actually, three important factors were responsible for the outrageous hitting totals of what became known as the "lively ball era": the banning of the spitball; the death of Ray Chapman on August 16, 1920; and the coming of Babe Ruth.
	www.homerunweb.com /livelyball.html (878 words)

	Babe Ruth - Short Porch - Baseball Fever
		He caught the 1st wave of 1919 lively ball, and later, the 1930 phase two of the lively ball.
		The explosion in BB attendance was due 99.999% to the lively ball.
		Once the more lively ball was used in 1919, the owners never forsaw the effects on offense.
	www.baseball-fever.com /showthread.php?threadid=12042 (5346 words)

	BaseballTruth.com Archive Document
		It can be figured by taking the league ERA for a certain year and multiplying it by the player's innings for that year, then doing the same for the next year and so on until we have each year covered.
		While his ERA of 4.87 was 55 percent above the league average of 3.14; the rest of the team had a 5.99 ERA in 333.33 innings.
		His career replacement-level ERA is the second-lowest of all-time among pitchers with more than 500 innings, and the only player ahead of him -- Albert Spalding, yes, THAT Albert Spalding -- garnered most of his innings (98.0 percent) in only one year, with the rest in a second.
	www.baseballtruth.com /leadingoff/leadingoff_082702.htm (5229 words)

	Sports Central \| Sports Articles and Columns \| MLB \| Baseball's Numbers Game: One For the Record
		Whether attributable to smaller parks, the use of more easily seen white baseballs after the death of Ray Chapman by a pitched ball, the banning of the spitball, or the most common suspect, a lively "rabbit" ball instituted to increase attendance after the Black Sox scandal of 1919, records were shattered.
		Hitting records are not the same from the dead-ball era to the lively ball era, from expansion days to the 1968 season where Carl Yastrzemski led the American League with a.301 average, to the inflated numbers of the 1990s.
		For every era, there are dozens of artificial, circumstantial changes that make it difficult to compare the numbers that are put up in 1998 to those put up in 1961 or 1927.
	www.sports-central.org /sports/2005/08/17/baseballs_numbers_game_one_for_the_record.php (1265 words)

	The Mighty Fastball - Addict Baseball and Football Forum
		In the Dead Ball Era (1903-1919), a "hopping" fast ball was prized, because it led to strikeouts, pop ups, and fly balls, which were generally not dangerous in that era.
		In the lively ball era (beginning in 1920), the "sinking" fast ball was more prized, because it kept the ball in the infield, and kept down the number of home runs.
		However, while some pitchers could make a ball hop and some people could make a ball "sink," there is no evidence of any major-league pitcher, before 1950, doing both, or switching between one and the other (Satchel Paige threw two distinct fastballs in the 1930s, when he pitched in the Negro Leagues.
	www.addictsports.com /baseball/showthread.php?t=46185 (2842 words)

	BIOPROJ.SABR.ORG :: The Baseball Biography Project.
		Garcia's 2.37 ERA was second in the league to New York's Allie Reynolds.
		Their 2.78 ERA was the lowest since the lively ball era began in 1920.
		His 3.26 ERA was 17 percent better than the league average, after adjusting for the parks where he pitched, equal to that of Gaylord Perry and Bert Blyleven, who had much longer careers.
	bioproj.sabr.org /bioproj.cfm?a=v&v=l&bid=1153&pid=4904 (2924 words)

	OUR OPINION: This 'n that (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The crisis, as all followers of the sport are aware, is over the use of performance-enhancing drugs by some of baseball's biggest names, including perhaps the biggest current name of all, Barry Bonds.
		Will says there have been three "eras" in baseball, the "dead ball" era, the "lively ball" era, and the "livelier player" era, brought on by the use of those drugs.
		He also says the third era is about to end because of public outcry over the pervasiveness of the drug use.
	www.vvdailypress.com /2004/110251581150661.html (815 words)

	Historic hits \| Chicago Tribune
		Balls that another Sox backstop, Billy Sullivan, failed to catch before finally succeeding in a similar stunt at the Washington Monument in 1910: 23.
		It's said he once asked for a few balls to sign for some pals and the stingy Sox business manager refused, citing the $2.75 per-ball cost.
		He found that if he dug his fingernails into the horsehide, he could keep the ball from spinning on its way to the plate, making it fly unpredictably.
	www.chicagotribune.com /news/specials/chi-baseball7-story,0,2492952.story (965 words)

	Cy Williams - BR Bullpen
		Traded to the Philadelphia Phillies for Dode Paskert, his success increased greatly as the lively ball era started.
		His batting average also shot up in the lively ball era, to a peak of.345 in 1926, when he was fourth in the league.
		None of the ten most similar players, using similarity scores, is from his era - showing how unique he was - and none of them seems convincingly similar.
	www.baseball-reference.com /bullpen/Cy_Williams (680 words)

	Re: Baseball Eras Defintion?
		During this period, a single syndicate could own all or part of multiple teams, which allowed them to engage in nasty manipulation, like moving all of the best players from one team to another in order to build a superteam.
		- present) The Lively Ball era is more frequently used to refer to the Babe Ruth dominated inter-war period of roughly 1920-40.
		I have an unpleasant feeling that the 1993-present period is going to be unfairly nicknamed the Steroid Era.
	www.talkaboutbaseball.com /group/rec.sport.baseball/messages/573175.html (327 words)

	1920 AL Stargell Award
		Pitchers would often throw the ball at slow speeds in order to save their arm strength; that's why they could throw 400 innings a year.
		Ruth, Sisler and Speaker all benefitted tremendously from the arrival of the lively ball; Jackson's power surge this year indicates that he too could have been one of the best players of the decade.
		Observers felt that Chapman never saw the pitch coming; the ball by that time, after having been in the muck and spit upon and slobbered on and scuffed up and more, had turned a shade of brown.
	venus.lunarpages.com /~double2/History/400Pages/al1920.html (863 words)

	Who you ask is Harry Heilmann?
		While a dramatic increase in offense would suggest that there was a "lively ball" era that began in 1920, a livelier ball was not the sole reason for the increase.
		It was speculated that Chapman had had a difficult time reacting to Mays' submarine pitch because he could not see the ball, which had been stained by tobacco juice and licorice.
		Heilmann did not live long enough to enjoy his induction ceremony; he died the day before the game at the age of 57.
	www.ballparkguys.com /Who_you_Ask/Harry_Heilmann.html (1666 words)

	Why Bobby Murcer Should Be in the Hall of Fame
		You always felt that Nettles could gun the ball to first to beat any runner by a mile, but was so good he'd toy with everyone -- runners, fans, and George Steinbrenner alike -- in casually launching his semi-arc to first, perfectly timed to just beat the runner by a stride, every time.
		At the plate, Nettles had league leading power -- he led the league once in homers (32 in '76) and just missed once (37 in '77), and perennially was amongst the top 5 to 7 in the league in homers, even though that number was generally in the twenties.
		Those numbers projected in today's lively- ball era might equate to like 45-50 homers and 140 RBI and a.355 batting average.
	www.paperbacknovel.com /sports/bobbymurcer.htm (916 words)

	Happy Felsch - BR Bullpen
		The lively ball era was starting, and while that inflated everybody's batting average, Felsch truly had his best year.
		One can speculate that he would have thrived in the rest of the lively ball era, as he adjusted to hitting home runs very quickly when times changed.
		He is said to have played Triple-A ball in 1932.
	www.baseball-reference.com /bullpen/Happy_Felsch (546 words)

	CNNSI.com - Baseball - The fans react: Bonds' place in history - Monday August 12, 2002 07:37 PM
		As a 39-year-old left-hander in Fenway Park (the Coors Field of its era), and despite nagging injuries, Grove went 15-4 and led the league in ERA.
		According to Bill James' new Win Share system, Lefty Grove's 1931 season, when he went 31-4 with a 2.06 ERA in a hitters' park and a hitters' league, is the best season in the Lively Ball era (post-1920).
		Eddie played in an era of baseball that fell between the Nintendo-like numbers of the Gehrigs and the Bondses; otherwise, he too would have had inflated stats.
	sportsillustrated.cnn.com /baseball/news/2002/08/12/bonds_top25_react (1205 words)

	Mexican League - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Long known as a last stop for over-the-hill major leaguers, the Mexican League has swung back and forth between dead-ball and lively-ball eras.
		A new lively-ball era commenced in 1984: In 1983 no player hit 20 home runs; in 1986 14 hit more than 30.
		February 19, 1946: New York Giants OF Danny Gardella becomes the first major leaguer to announce he is jumping to the "outlaw" Mexican League, the first shot in the series of events that will dominate baseball even more than the return of all the war veterans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mexican_League (1251 words)

	Vox Populi Nebraska
		Those were the true days of baseball when a home run meant you had to run home (all the way around the bases to beat a relay throw from the outfield).
		When baseball went urban, however, fences became a necessity and the lively ball era brought what should be called the home trot.
		Remember this: had there been no fences, Babe Ruth would still have hit the lively ball a mile but would have had to dash around the bases to get a dinger.
	www.voxpopuli-ne.com /2005_04/page80.html (735 words)

	Linear Weights
		For the lively ball era, the basic skeleton of (TB+.5H+W-.3(AB-H)) works fine, just use a multiplier of.33 for the 1940s and.34 for the 1920s and 30s.
		For the dead ball era, you can use a skeleton of (TB+.5(H+SB)+W-.3(AB-H)) with a multiplier of.341 for the 1910s and.371 for 1901-1909.
		The formulas are reasonably accurate in the dead ball era, but not nearly as much as they are in the lively ball era.
	gosu02.tripod.com /id16.html (1858 words)

	ESPN.com - The high cost of doing nothing
		There will still be a huge cloud of suspicion because they are not testing for human growth hormone, and the little secrets that come out of the NFL about masking agents always being two steps ahead of the testing.
		When it comes to the debates about eras, yes, this one will be called "The Steroids Era," but it is an era when kids began lifting at 12 and home runs and power pitching became in vogue.
		They played in an era when pitching so dominated the sport that they lowered the mound by five inches, not to mention the fact that so many of the National League stadiums were cookie cutters that were not home-run friendly, like so many of the post-Camden Yard ballparks.
	sports.espn.go.com /espn/print?id=2002123&type=story (941 words)

	Boston.com / Sports / Baseball / Ladies and gentlemen, the greatest sluggers of all time *
		The Red Sox ratified the new emphasis on quantitative analysis by hiring Bill James, a pioneer in the field, as an adviser.
		In the so-called ''dead ball'' era of 1901 to 1919, the average ballplayer hit 2.3 home runs and had a batting average of.254.
		In the ''lively ball'' era, Ruth's prime, the numbers jumped to 7 home runs and.276.
	www.boston.com /sports/baseball/articles/2005/04/10/ladies_and_gentlemen_the_greatest_sluggers_of_all_time_ (477 words)

	Thomas Sowell
		For a long time, the period before 1920 has been referred to as the "dead ball" era and the period after 1920 as the "lively ball" era.
		If it was the ball that was responsible for the big surge in home runs, then the old and the new batting stars alike would have seen dramatic increases in homers.
		But the three top pitchers all had earned run averages under 3.00 in 1961, while throwing the same ball as the rookie pitchers who were rushed into the big leagues and the washed up pitchers who were able to hang on with expansion teams.
	www.jewishworldreview.com /cols/sowell123101.asp (813 words)

	History of Detroit Tigers Shortstops by Brad Smith
		By this time the lively ball era was well under way, and batting averages were soaring.
		Keeping in mind that this was an era of very high offensive output, he still hit for solid averages, hitting.271,.295,.296,.275,.274, and.276 before dropping to.259 in 1938.
		In any case, this era developed a host of players who drew enormous numbers of walks, even though they were neither high average hitters nor particularly powerful hitters.
	www.people.virginia.edu /~pw7e/tigershistory/shortstops.html (7726 words)

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