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Topic: Living organisms

	Chapter 5: The Living Environment
		Living organisms are made of the same components as all other matter, involve the same kind of transformations of energy, and move using the same basic kinds of forces.
		If a mutated gene is in an organism's sex cell, copies of it may be passed down to offspring, becoming part of all their cells and perhaps giving the offspring new or modified characteristics.
		Except for mutation of the DNA in an organism's sex cells, the characteristics that result from occurrences during the organism's lifetime cannot be biologically passed on to the next generation.
	www.project2061.org /publications/sfaa/online/chap5.htm?txtRef=&txtURIOld=/tools/sfaaol/chap5.htm (3702 words)

	Archaebacteria: Life On Mars?
		The submersed boulders and cobbles are encrusted with living colonies of stromatolite-forming cyanobacteria.
		The sun-baked boulders in the Colorado Desert of southern California are coated with a reddish-brown layer of clay and iron oxide precipitated by colonies of bacteria living on the rock surface.
		ethanogenic bacteria live in marshes, swamps and your gastrointestinal tract.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /ploct97.htm (5268 words)

	Policy Statement on Living Organisms
		FOSS selected organisms that were non-exotic, commonly available from local and regional suppliers, and, in some cases, found in the natural environments in many regions of the country.
		Living materials distribution centers are an ideal way to continue the care of organisms.
		Organisms are returned to the environment from which they were collected (if appropriate).
	lhsfoss.org /fossweb/teachers/materials/plantanimal/ethics.html (779 words)

	Biology: Living Organisms and Their Rhythms
		Organisms that thrive in extremes of temperatures and acidity are the interest of biologist Jonathan Trent.
		They live in volcanic hot springs and certain areas within the Earth's crust, where conditions are reminiscent of the primitive Earth.
		In fact, it is believed that these organisms are similar to some of the earliest life on this planet.
	www.anl.gov /Science_and_Technology/History/Anniversary_Frontiers/biohist.html (1013 words)

	BOL Ch. 5--The Living Environment
		All students, especially those who live in circumstances that limit their interaction with nature, must have the opportunity to observe a variety of plants and animals in the classroom, on the school grounds, in the neighborhood, at home, in parks and streams and gardens, and at the zoo.
		As students build up a collection of cases based on their own studies of organisms, readings, and film presentations, they should be guided from specific examples of the interdependency of organisms to a more systematic view of the kinds of interactions that take place among organisms.
		Organisms are linked to one another and to their physical setting by the transfer and transformation of matter and energy.
	www.project2061.org /publications/bsl/online/ch5/ch5.htm (7784 words)

	Living-Fossils.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This lack of change is referred to by scientists as "stasis." Living fossils and organisms that have not survived down to the present day, but which have left their fossils behind in various strata of the Earth's history are concrete proof of stasis in the fossil record.
		If a living thing survives in a flawless form down to the present day with all the features it displayed millions of years ago and having undergone no change whatsoever, then this evidence is powerful enough to entirely dismiss the gradual evolution model anticipated by Darwin.
		Living fossils show that the effect of the environment on living things is not evolution but rather "non-evolution." Species have not come by their present-day structures by undergoing a process of random change.
	www.living-fossils.com /2_1.php (2201 words)

	Concepts for organisms
		The behavior of individual organisms is influenced by internal cues (such as hunger) and external cues (such as changes in the environment).
		All living organisms use metabolize food for energy, move, respire, use water, reproduce, respond to the environment (sensitivity), grow, excrete waste, require nutrition.
		Living organisms can be sorted into groups in many ways by their common properties.
	www.huntel.net /rsweetland/science/concepts/physicalLife/organisms.html (463 words)

	Classification of Living Organisms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The number of living organisms is so staggering, that one must categorize them to make any sense of their relationship to one another.
		The organisms described do not change, just the way we look at them and what we consider to be important or easier to categorize them.
		For practical reasons, the names of unicellular organisms, are not based on their phylogenetic relationship, but on their means of identification in the laboratory, their pathogenicity (capacity to cause disease), their use for humans, etc..
	www.zoonotics.net /classification_organisms.htm (592 words)

	Functioning of organisms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Organisms have the potential to carry out the life processes of nutrition, movement, growth, reproduction, respiration, sensitivity and excretion
		It is true that they may not always be displayed but even the most inactive of organisms has the potential to carry out all these functions.
		It is equally true that there are times in the life cycles of some organisms where all these functions appear to be suspended as is the case with seed producing organisms (Lotus seeds have been grown after being stored for 160 years).
	www.le.ac.uk /se/centres/sci/selfstudy/org.htm (103 words)

	Model organisms
		In order to explore the advantages of using model organisms in classrooms, I will examine their desirable attributes, why certain organisms have been chosen as model organisms for teaching, the advantages of using model organisms in teaching, and examples of model organisms popular in biology instruction.
		Therefore, when selecting living organisms as models to work with, certain criteria are used depending upon the experimental purposes.
		Compared to general living organisms, model organisms are well-established experimental systems and are often ready to be used in classrooms.
	www.loci.wisc.edu /outreach/text/model.html (1861 words)

	Astrobiology: The Living Universe - Characteristics of Life (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		For something to be described as living, that something must display all seven of these characteristics.
		Living organisms adapt to their environment and evolve
		Because viruses satisfy six of the seven characteristics of living things, they are on the verge of being classified as a living organism.
	library.thinkquest.org /C003763/index.php?page=origin06 (499 words)

	Class Definition for Class 800 - MULTICELLULAR LIVING ORGANISMS AND UNMODIFIED PARTS THEREOF AND RELATED PROCESSES
		This class includes products obtained by modifications of multicellular living organisms and separated or severed parts thereof wherein the organism or part thereof is permanently changed (i.e., by genetic manipulation, by mutation, by cell fusion, or by tissue culture) so that subsequent progeny or offspring are likewise affected.
		This class also includes products obtained by modifications of multicellular living organisms and separated or severed parts thereof wherein the organism is permanently changed (i.e., by grafting) so that unique features or properties are conferred to the organism but its offspring are not affected, i.e., genetic lineage is not altered.
		A pathogenic or pest organism is one which is in some way deleterious or harmful to a living plant such as a virus, bacteria, insect, nematode, rodent, etc.
	www.uspto.gov /go/classification/uspc800/defs800.htm (4910 words)

	Living Martian Organisms Found
		Simple organisms that live by oxidizing metals are now known to be the cause of the mysterious "desert varnish" seen in terrestrial deserts and now on Mars.
		Dust and clay particles are carried by wind to the rock face, where the organisms and moisture cause it to stick, Iron and manganese in the dust is then oxidized by the organisms, producing the blue-fl color in this case.
		His website is here and provides a means for individuals to send their opinions to members of our government about the potentials of contamination by Martian organisms if a Mars sample return mission is sent.
	www.xenotechresearch.com /mvarnish1.htm (1700 words)

	Evolution
		Thus vestigial structures can be viewed as evidence for evolution: organisms having vestigial structures probably share a common ancestry with organisms in with organisms in which the homologous structure is functional.
		The universality of cytochrome c is evidence that all aerobic organisms probably descended from a common ancestor that used this compound for respiration.
		The similarities between living species-- in ancestry, in homologous and vestigial structures, in embryological development, and in biochemical compounds-- all could be explained as extremely remarkable coincidences.
	bioweb.cs.earlham.edu /9-12/evolution/HTML/live.html (768 words)

	FOSS Living Organisms Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		We believe that studying live organisms is a critical part of any life science curriculum.
		We are committed to including the study of live organisms as part of the FOSS curriculum.
		We know the use of live organisms comes with a unique set of challenges, but like you, we think it's well worth the effort.
	www.delta-education.com /science/foss/living.shtml (149 words)

	Gaia Theory: Science of the Living Earth
		Vernadsky showed, for example, that living organisms are the primary transformer of solar energy to chemical energy, and stressed the importance of biotransport systems.
		Living organisms maintain a salinity which is roughly equal to that of the oceans.
		Previously it was thought that this was because natural selection tended to assist those organisms which were in balance with their surroundings.
	www.gaianet.fsbusiness.co.uk /gaiatheory.html (2703 words)

	s9chap1ocn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It has been said that; "you have to be awfully small to want to live in the soil, and the smaller you are, the happier you will be; and if you live in the ocean, you can be as big as you like".
		Soil organisms span a wide range in size, from microscopic forms, such as bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, to large animals, such as insects, worms, and burrowing mammals.
		The rhizosphere is higher in soil organism activity due to increased food supply leaked by the root for the organisms to use.
	www.soils.agri.umn.edu /academics/classes/soil2125/doc/s9chap1.htm (2778 words)

	Taxonomy of living organisms
		They used 36 diverse living species to create an evolutionary tree that included all the major groups of organisms, then tied it to the fossil record at 6 points.
		They may have been able to protect their eggs from temperature extremes because they lived near cooling streams, or were able to adapt to the changing conditions faster than the long-lived dinosaurs.
		Most of the embryos found within the nearly 12-inch long females were "head backwards," a position thought to be abnormal, which the authors suspect could have caused the death of the 2 mothers and their young.
	focosi.altervista.org /taxonomyoflivingorganisms.html (10080 words)

	Reproduction of Living Organisms
		Living organisms produce offspring that look similar to their parents; but also slightly different.
		Organisms may be classified based on genetic relatedness, or the time since two species diverged from a common ancestor.
		If a strain of organism is mutant for a enzyme needed to make an amino acid, it must consume food containing the amino acid.
	biology.kenyon.edu /slonc/bio3/biol3_guide.html (4233 words)

	Living Environment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Describe the impact of pollution to living organisms and to the environment.
		Know that some organisms that lived long ago are similar to existing organisms, and some are quite different.
		Compare fossils to one another and to living organisms according to their similarities and differences.
	www.nesacenter.org /aerosaw/Standards/SCIENCE/ScienceStandards15-20.html (1661 words)

	Canada Gazette
		The proposed Living Modified Organisms Regulations are made pursuant to subsection 115(1) of CEPA 1999 and regulate all living modified organisms that fall within the scope of the Protocol.
		(6) For greater certainty, an acceptance of the first intentional transboundary movement of a particular living modified organism for intentional introduction into the environment of a particular Party of import is considered to be an acceptance of that living modified organism in respect of that Party of import for all Parties.
		I hereby certify that the transboundary movement of the living modified organism (brief description) to (Party of import) is in conformity with the Living Modified Organisms Regulations.
	canadagazette.gc.ca /partI/2002/20020928/html/regle-e.html (3810 words)

	Dielectric Responses of Living Organisms
		The electromagnetic properties of live organisms are of considerable fundamental interest and also hold the potential for numerous practical applications.
		The dielectric responses of the living cell suspensions are seen to be enormous at low frequencies and to decrease with frequency.
		One can see that strong frequency dependence is a unique property of living organisms, by comparing it to the flat responses of water, ethylene glycol, and inert powder suspensions (Fig.
	www.isso.uh.edu /publications/A2002/miller2.htm (2434 words)

	Structure and Function in Living Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Content Standard 11 (partial): Students understand that living things in similar environments have structures which function to make survival in their environment possible.
		All living organisms are composed of cells, from just one to many trillions, whose details usually are visible only through a microscope.
		In multicellular organisms, cells become specialized to function within tissues providing specific functions for an organism.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /IU/5-8corrls1.html (822 words)

	LiViNG Organisms Or noT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The question of whether viruses are living organisms or not is still unknown.
		Because viruses are inert outside of living host cells, in this sense, they are not considered to be living organisms.
		Depending on one view's point, a virus may be regarded as an exceptionally complex aggregation of non-living chemicals or as an exceptionally simple living microorganism.
	library.thinkquest.org /26802/living.html (189 words)

	Classifying living organisms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Scientists try to put related organisms together based on common ancestry.
		Euglena: A single-celled organism which is both photosynthetic and motile.
		Species: a group of organisms that freely interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
	www.mc.maricopa.edu /~brown/Bio_108_lectures/bio_108_lecture_4b_Classifying_Organisms.htm (458 words)

	soil organisms
		The living portion of soil is a diverse and dynamic collection of organisms, from types that you can easily see with an unaided eye down to creatures that you can observe only by using a high-powered microscope.
		Viruses are sub-microscopic organisms with a relatively simple structure, a DNA or RNA (ribonucleic acid) core and an encasing protein coat.
		Autotrophs — organisms (plants and other types) that use the sun to produce their own energy and obtain carbon from atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) or the breakdown of inorganic substances.
	grounds-mag.com /mag/grounds_maintenance_living_earth (1730 words)

	Cnes - Better understanding living organisms
		No matter how large or small, and whatever their biological make-up, all living organisms undergo the effects of microgravity, although these effects are reversible on returning to normal gravity conditions.
		And space is the only place to study the effects of microgravity on humans, in preparation for longer journeys to Mars.
		Experiments in space also bring wider benefits on Earth, by telling us more about living organisms and how they adapt to their environment, and by fostering advances in medical technology.
	www.cnes.fr /web/1765-better-understanding-living-organisms.php (158 words)

	ECO-PROS Biodiversity
		Ecosystem - all the living organisms and all the non-living components of a given area interacting as a whole functional unit.
		In the simplest terms related to our daily lives, you might compare taxonomy to our filing systems where we keep papers and letters organized in file folders, or the way we keep our things organized in drawers and cupboards in our homes, or the way items are organized in grocery stores.
		Homo sapiens are living organisms and part of the biodiversity of planet Earth.
	www.eco-pros.com /biodiversity.htm (724 words)

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