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Topic: Llywelyn the Great

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	Llywelyn the Great - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Llywelyn was born in 1173, possibly at Dolwyddelan, the grandson of Owain Gwynedd.
		Llywelyn had now established himself as the leader of the independent princes of Wales and in December 1215 led an army which included all the lesser princes of Wales to capture the castles of Carmarthen, Cardigan and Cilgerran.
		Llywelyn was a notable castle builder, his castles at Deganwy, Dolbadarn and Castell y Bere being among the best examples.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Llywelyn_the_Great (1304 words)

	Facts about topic: (Llywelyn the Great) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Llywelyn was born in 1173, the grandson of Owain Gwynedd (additional info and facts about Owain Gwynedd).
		Llywelyn died in 1240 and a power struggle arose between his legitimate son, Dafydd, and his older, illegitimate son, Gruffydd (additional info and facts about Gruffydd), who according to Welsh law (additional info and facts about Welsh law) had equal rights of inheritance.
		Llywelyn had departed from tradition by naming Dafydd as his sole heir, as he recognised the Welsh custom of dividing inheritance equally amongst all male sons prevented a cohesive polity from forming, preventing a united Wales.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/ll/llywelyn_the_great.htm (349 words)

	Llywelyn the Great - RecipeFacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Following King John's death Llywelyn concluded a treaty, the Peace of Worcester, with his successor Henry III whereby he was confirmed in possession of all his recent conquests.
		Llywelyn was a notable castle builder, his castles at Deganwy and Castell y Bere being among the best examples.
		Llywelyn himself died in 1240 and was buried at the abbey of Aberconwy.
	www.recipeland.com /encyclopaedia/index.php/Llywelyn_the_Great (668 words)

	Llywelyn the Last
		He was one of the four sons of Gruffydd, the illegitimate son of Llywelyn the Great.
		Although a capable military leader, Llywelyn lacked the political acumen of his grandfather, and made an unnecessary enemy of King Edward I of England by continuing to ally himself with the family of Simon de Montfort even after a precarious peace with the English had been concluded.
		Llywelyn's daughter, Gwenllian, was sent to the convent of Sempringham in Lincolnshire, where she died in her fifties.
	www.teachtime.com /en/wikipedia/l/ll/llywelyn_the_last.html (483 words)

	Welsh Fairy Stories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Llywelyn the Great rose into power in 1194, and reigned until 1240 - a long reign, and in many ways the most important of all the reigns of the Welsh princes.
		He was great as a general; his detection of trouble before the storm broke, his instant determination and rapidity of movements, his ever-ready munitions for battle and siege, made his later campaigns always successful.
		Great and successful in war and policy, in touch with the nobles influences in the life of the time, Llywelyn applied himself to one last task.
	www.red4.co.uk /ebooks/shorthistory/llywelyngreat.htm (1043 words)

	Dafydd ap Llywelyn - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He was the only legitimate son of Llywelyn the Great by his wife, Joan of England (daughter of King John).
		Llywelyn had Dafydd recognised as Prince of Wales by his uncle King Henry III of England in 1220 (the first to hold this title officially), and also had Dafydd's mother Joan declared legitimate by the Pope to strengthen Dafydd's position.
		In April 1247 Llywelyn and Owain met the King at Woodstock and came to terms with him at the cost of the loss of much territory.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/David_ap_Llywelyn (416 words)

	BBC - History - Llywelyn ap Gruffudd 1220 - 1282 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Llywelyn was the second son of Gruffudd, the eldest, but illegitimate, son of Llywelyn the Great.
		Llywelyn refused on the grounds that the king was harbouring his enemies and had seized his future wife.
		Llywelyn and his allies had a measure of success but, by December 1282, with Gwynedd under attack by land and sea, Llywelyn was in the lordship of Builth, possibly as a result of a deceitful message that the de Breos family was prepared to support him.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/timelines/wales/gruffudd.shtml (639 words)

	Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (Llywelyn the Great) / 100 Welsh Heroes / 100 Arwyr Cymru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This was the situation faced by Llywelyn ap Iorwerth when he inherited one third of the ancient kingdom of Gwynedd.
		Llywelyn was as astute a political manipulator as any medieval prince.
		The treaty of Magna Carta in 1215 led to a period of civil strife in England that yielded considerable dividends for Llywelyn.
	www.100welshheroes.com /en/biography/llywelynabiorwerth (397 words)

	Llywelyn the Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Following the birth of a legitimate heir, Dafydd ap Llywelyn, and a daughter, Elen (who was married off to the Norman Earl of Chester), Joan committed adultery with William de Braose or Breos, aNorman noble of south Wales who had allied himself with Llywelyn by the marriage of his daughter, Isabella, to Llywelyn's son,Dafydd.
		Llywelyn died in 1240 and a power struggle arose between his legitimate son, Dafydd, andhis older, illegitimate son, Gruffydd, who according toWelsh law had equal rights of inheritance.
		Llywelyn had departed from tradition by naming Dafydd as heir, because he recognisedthe inherent flaws in Welsh law.Gruffydd was killed attempting to escape from the Tower of London in 1244, leaving the field clear for Dafydd, but Dafydd himself died without heirs in 1246, and was eventually succeeded by his nephew, Llywelyn the Last.
	www.therfcc.org /llywelyn-the-great-58063.html (317 words)

	Llywelyn the Great
		Also known as "Llywelyn Fawr" (Llywelyn the Great) and "Llywelyn ap Iorwerth" (patronymic).
		His father having been disposed of by Owain's other sons after Owain's death, Llywelyn was left to fend for himself until, as a youth, his natural superiority made itself felt and he defeated his uncles to take Gwynedd for himself.
		Despite occasional disputes with John and his successor, Henry III of England, Llywelyn succeeded in maintaining Welsh independence.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ll/Llywelyn_the_Great.html (216 words)

	Data Wales: A note on the castles of the native Welsh princes.
		Llywelyn the Last united Wales and king Henry III was forced to acknowledge him as prince of Wales in 1267.
		Llywelyn incurred the wrath of the new king Edward I, however, and was killed in a skirmish in 1282.
		It is presumed that the inner ward was built by Llywelyn the Great between 1230 and 1240.
	www.data-wales.co.uk /map_princes.htm (811 words)

	BBC - History - Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (Llywelyn the Great) 1203 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		As the baby, the legitimate heir to Gwynedd, was a threat to the ambitions of his uncles, he was probably brought up among his mother's relations in Powys.
		In 1210, John, by then fearful of Llywelyn's ambitions, invaded Gwynedd and, despite the pleas of his daughter, restricted the prince's power to the lands west of the River Conwy.
		In 1212, with the king in conflict with the Pope and with his own barons, Llywelyn recovered the lands he had lost.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/timelines/wales/llywelyn.shtml (385 words)

	Death of Gelert
		When Gruffudd Llywelyn's oldest son, for there was Dafydd as well, was old enough to crawl the youngster was as rough as he could be with him, in fact many times the great dog could be seen walking around the lodge with young Gruffudd hanging on to his tail.
		Ooh the howl of great dog, as it sunk to the the floor in its dying throes, reverberated around the mountains and I am sure that such was the noise that it was heard at Aberffraw as well.
		When Llywelyn returned after the hunt Gelert had met his master with a great sense of achievement and pride, but his reward was to feel the sharp thrust of steel into his side for something he could not understand what he had done.
	www.red-dragon-wales.com /MythsandLegends/Gelert.htm (1147 words)

	I6667: Llywelyn Fawr the Great Prince of Wales ( - )
		I6667: Llywelyn Fawr the Great Prince of Wales (-)
		Spouses of Llywelyn Fawr the Great Prince of Wales
		Descendants of Llywelyn Fawr the Great Prince of Wales and Unknown
	web.ukonline.co.uk /nigel.battysmith/Database/D0015/I6667.html (42 words)

	The Struggle for Survival: A History of Wales
		In the year 1200, Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, the grandson of Owain Gwynedd, became ruler of the kingdom of Gwynedd, and under his strong and determined leadership, Wales was once more united as a single political unit.
		Llywelyn was ultimately successful in resisting English influence in Wales, and the charismatic leader received homage from the other Welsh princes.
		The laments of the court poets who had enjoyed something of a cultural renaissance during the great prince's long reign, were also laments for the passing of the old bardic order that died with the death of their beloved patron.
	www.suite101.com /lesson.cfm/17851/1247 (522 words)

	Welsh Rulers
		Llywelyn made a bold and successful attempt to put this dangerous Welsh law aside in favor of the English system, and finally got the consent of King Henry III - or his advisors - to agree to the succession of David as his sole heir.
		Then, when Llywelyn and a small band were 'roaming about', they fell upon them unexpectedly through the agency of 'a clerk or notary acting as a spy' killing Llywelyn and his accomplices with their swords.
		Llywelyn and Eleanor (the daughter of Simon de Monfort) were married in Worcester in 1278 following Eleanor's release at the end of a period of about three years as a prisoner of the English crown.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~vagirl/Lineage_Quest_Library/Historical_Accounts/welsh_rulers1.htm (4223 words)

	Local culture around Betws-y-Coed, Snowdonia National Park, Wales
		Nant Conwy was given to Llywelyn's father in 1170 and it was here, in a building that stood to the south-west of Dolwyddelan castle, that Llywelyn the Great was born.
		This is Gruffydd, a great great grandson of Llywelyn the Great.
		Llywelyn the Great built a church here on the site of St Mary's Church for his wife, Siwan; it is said to save her braving the elements to worship in the ancient church of Llanrhychwyn, set high up above the hills of Trefriw.
	www.snowdonia-accommodation.co.uk /culture.html (1057 words)

	Wikinfo \| Gruffydd ap Llywelyn
		Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (~1000-1063) was the ruler of all Wales from 1055 until his death, one of very few able to make this boast.
		He was the son of Llywelyn ap Seisyll and a descendant of Rhodri the Great.
		Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (~1200-1244) was the eldest, illegitimate son of Llywelyn the Great.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Gruffydd_ap_Llywelyn (487 words)

	GO BRITANNIA! Wales: Royals Families of Wales
		Gruffudd was a grandson of Maredudd ab Owain, King of Deheubarth and the son of Llywelyn ap Seisyllt, ruler of Gwynedd.
		Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, (Llywelyn Fawr or Llywelyn the Great: 1173-1240) can justly be called the greatest of the medieval Welsh kings.
		Though Llywelyn the Great had tried desperately to ensure that his Kingdoms would pass in entirety to his son Dafydd, it was not to be.
	www.britannia.com /wales/fam1.html (1696 words)

	Wales on the Web Llywelyn The Last — A Biographical movie of this Historic Man (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This was in stark contrast to his enigmatic father, Llywelyn the Great, the prolific and powerful Welsh monarch who led the Welsh for over fifty years.
		The agreement recognised Llywelyn as the undisputed ruler of Gwynedd, Powys and Deheubarth.
		Llywelyn had broken the terms of the Montgomery Treaty by failing to pay homage to Edward and twelve months later at Deganwy Castle, Edward imposed the Treaty of Aberconwy, that all but destroyed Llywelyn’s over lordship.
	www.worldwidewales.tv /html/movie-473.php (540 words)

	Llewellyn ap Gruffudd
		Llywelyn was the second son of Gruffudd, the eldest, but illegitimate, son of Llywelyn Fawr, later called Llywelyn the Great.
		Through military conquest, after imprisoning his brothers and taking the kingdom of Gwynedd for himself, Llywelyn was able to re-unite much of his country in order to assert his claim to be called King of Wales.
		They had three children, the eldest being Dafydd, named after his great uncle, Anne was name after Alexandra's mother Aine and was his middle born.
	www.geocities.com /anne_caera/characters/llywelyn.html (259 words)

	Encyclopedia: Llywelyn the Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Events Batu Khan and the Golden Horde sack the Ruthenian city of Kyiv Births Pope Benedict XI Deaths April 11 - Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, also known as Llywelyn The Great Prince of Gwynedd Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile...
		BBC - History - Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (Llywelyn the Great) 1203
		Llywelyn was the only child of Iorwerth, the eldest son of Owain Gwynedd.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Llywelyn-the-Great (457 words)

	WCBC: Medieval Exhibition - The Struggles for Independence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The century started badly when in 1201 Llywelyn the Great, prince of Gwynedd, had to agree that King John was his overlord.
		Despite this setback, Llywelyn was able to gradually strengthen his position while John was preoccupied fighting his barons and signing the Magna Carta.
		Llywelyn ap Gruffudd's career as prince of Gwynedd (1246-82) is the story of his attempted escape from being treated as just another baron by the English king.
	www.wrexham.gov.uk /english/heritage/medieval_exhibition/struggles.htm (435 words)

	WCBC: Medieval Exhibition - Castles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Llywelyn built this castle in 1221 according to the Brut y Tywysogion (The Chronicle of the Princes) to secure the southern border of Gwynedd.
		Llywelyn the Great, prince of Gwynedd (1194-1240) used castles to ensure stability, both political and economic, in North Wales.
		Llywelyn the Great built the great round tower to match William Marshall's great keep at Pembroke Castle.
	www.wrexham.gov.uk /english/heritage/medieval_exhibition/castles.htm (578 words)

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