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Topic: Local Interconnect Network

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	Local Interconnect Network - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		LIN is a broadcast serial network comprising one master and many (up to 64) slaves.
		The microcontroller generates all needed LIN data (protocol...) (partly) by Software and is connected to the LIN network via a LIN transceiver (simply speaking a level shifter with some add-ons).
		Due to the fact, that LIN Slave nodes should be as cheap as possible, they may generate their internal clock by a RC-oscillator combination instead of a quartz or a ceramic oscillator.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Local_Interconnect_Network (1030 words)

	Vehicle bus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The main driving forces for the development of vehicle network technology have been the advances made in the electronics industry in general and government regulations imposed, especially in the United States, in order to make the automobiles environmentally friendly.
		Networks were not new, but their application to the vehicle was.
		Although the vehicle network did not place too much emphasis on the data throughput, the demand for more on-board computing is continuing to drive changes to these networks to provide higher-speed communication between modules.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vehicle_bus (729 words)

	Storage area network - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computing, a storage area network (SAN) is a network designed to attach computer storage devices such as disk array controllers and tape libraries to servers.
		A network whose primary purpose is the transfer of data between computer systems and storage elements.
		Storage networks are distinguished from other forms of network storage by the low-level access method that they use.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Storage_area_network (1436 words)

	IXXAT [Introduction LIN]
		LIN (local interconnect network) was specified between 2000 (LIN 1.1) and 2003 (LIN 2.0) by a group of renowned car manufacturers.
		A special feature of LIN is the synchronization of the slave devices via the bus, which makes the implementation of low-cost nodes without quartz clocking possible.
		The transmission of a LIN telegram begins with a 13-bit long dominant level (sync break) transmitted by the master, which is used to identify the start of the frame.
	www.ixxat.de /introduction_lin_en,7490,5873.html (677 words)

	Automotive Local Interconnect Network (LIN) Applications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Local interconnect network (LIN) is a UART-based, single-master, multiple-slave networking architecture originally developed for automotive sensor and actuator networking applications.
		It is very important that the LIN network not radiate very much energy, since these busses pass information through long wires that result in antennae that send emissions to the rest of the vehicle.
		LIN is designed as a single-wire bus, switching from ground to battery-level voltages.
	www.freescale.com /webapp/sps/site/application.jsp?nodeId=02WcbfNZnLnRysPGDq (1631 words)

	Proda Corp. ---- Automotive (About LIN)
		LIN operates under a CAN platform, but it doesn't require the robust data rate and bandwidth performance, or the higher cost, associated with CAN.
		LIN is a single-master/multi-slave bus that communicates via a single wire, reducing wiring complexity as well as cost.
		The LIN Consortium was initiated in 1998 as a group of seven companies focused on developing the LIN specification as a low-end multiplex solution to complement the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol, while reducing the development, production and servicing of automotive electronics.
	www.prodaeng.com /lin.html (343 words)

	LIN Bus
		LIN is a new low cost serial communication system intended to be used for distributed electronic systems in vehicles, which complements the existing portfolio of automotive multiplex networks (see figure below).
		LIN is a holistic communication concept for local interconnect networks in vehicles.
		The LIN consortium has been developed to standardize a concept of a serial low cost communication concept in conjunction with a development environment, that enables the car manufacturers and their suppliers to create, implement, and handle complex hierarchical multiplex systems in a very cost competitive way.
	www.sorion-group.com /lin_bus.htm (310 words)

	Robust LIN Protocol Demonstrated
		The AMIS LIN protocol exhibits robustness against noise spikes, ground shifts, variations in supply voltage level and duty cycle that are often encountered in automotive applications.
		Network speeds of 20K bits/s can be reliably achieved in these harsh environments without needing to use crystal oscillators that would incur additional cost and complexity.
		In a situation where a module within a network fails, dynamic addressing is able to locate and isolate the fault and ensure that all remaining modules continue to operate unaffected.
	www.amis.com /news/releases/2002/021112_lin.html (392 words)

	Project Overview
		A low-swing reconfigurable interconnect scheme using self-timed signaling allows for a transparent and effortless connection and synchronization of core processor and co-processors, each of which may be operating at different voltages and clock frequencies.
		In the future, multimedia terminals and network computers will need to be able to support multi-modal communications and display flexibility and adaptivity in the peripheral devices to accommodate for the changing conditions in communication bandwidth and data sources.
		This is combined with an "locally synchronous island" approach at the circuit level that allows for the reconfigurable interconnect network to operate in a self-timed mode at low voltage swing.
	bwrc.eecs.berkeley.edu /Research/Configurable_Architectures/texts/overview/overview.html (6270 words)

	Automotive Industry Moves Closer to 'Plug and Play' Electronics with LIN 2.0
		"LIN 2.0 is a robust release based on three years of product development and road testing with previous versions of the standard," said Bernd Rucha, chairman of the LIN Consortium and manager of the Computing in the Car Laboratory at Motorola.
		LIN 1.0 was released in March 2000 with the objective of defining and implementing an open standard for class-A serial buses in vehicle networks.
		The LIN Consortium was initiated in 1998 as a workgroup of seven companies focused on developing the LIN specification as a low-end multiplex solution to complement the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol, while reducing the development, production and servicing of automotive electronics.
	www.theautochannel.com /news/2003/09/24/169303.html (1653 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Discussion: The LIN (Local Interconnect Network) is a cost-effective commination networking protocol originally designed as a sub-network of CAN for automotive applications.
		LINbus is a Local Interconnect Network to interface low data rate devices on a single wire bus.
		LIN bus' simple protocol, low processing requirements and single wire bus makes it ideal for any application that needs robust, local connectivity.
	www.microchip.com /stellent/idcplg?IdcService=SS_GET_PAGE&nodeId=1420¶m=en001007 (120 words)

	LIN Local Interconnect Network : FUJITSU EMEA
		The LIN (Local Interconnect Network) became standardised in 1999 as a Low-Speed Network for automobile bodies and is likely to become the 'De Facto Standard' in the European market due to its low networking cost.
		LIN is based on a master-slave transfer system with a maximum Data Transfer Speed of 20 kbps (4.800 bps, 9.600 bps, 19.200 bps).
		Basically it is planned for very local network, like e.g.
	www.fujitsu.com /emea/services/microelectronics/micros/lin (179 words)

	STMicroelectronics \| ST7 - LIN (LOCAL INTERCONNECT NETWORK) SOLUTIONS
		Th e goal of this specification is to ease communications between the parties involved in the developm ent of a LIN network like car manufacturers and their suppliers.
		The LIN tran sce ive r is the physical line interface between the SCI (Serial Communication Interface) TDI and RDO pins of the microcontroller and the LIN bus line.
		The "SleepModeCOmmand" frame is sent by the master to set the LIN network in sleep mode and is therefore not part of the normal communication.
	www.st.com /stonline/books/ascii/docs/8130.htm (8144 words)

	[No title]
		LIN (Local Interconnect Network) is the communication protocol for a low-speed network to which all comfort and convenience applications in the car are connected.
		LIN has the potential to cover all applications which cannot be directly connected to CAN because of high costs.
		Melexis has developed for LIN a completely new MCU concept, which combines the efficiency, robustness and cost level of a state machine and on the other side the flexibility of a conventional MCU solution by separating the processing of the LIN protocol and the application.
	www.melexis.com /Application.aspx?nID=137 (338 words)

	LIN - Local Interconnect Network - HW server - lin,local interconnect network,bus,vehicle industry,can,master and slave ...
		The LIN is derived from the single-wired standard ISO 9141 which is mostly used in diagnostic devices and has a few enhancements.
		Other network management features are available only in the applications which are the next level of LIN bus.
		This sequence is unique in the whole LIN communication and provides enough information for any slave task to detect the beginning of a new frame and be synchronized at the start of the identifier field.
	www.hw-server.com /docs/lin.html (1588 words)

	Local Interconnect Network (LIN) Bus Automotive Waveforms
		As you can see from the example waveform, the LIN bus waveform is a square wave, representing the binary states in a serial data stream.
		Local Interconnect Network (LIN) bus communication is becoming more common on modern CAN Bus-equipped vehicles.
		The LIN bus is proving popular because of its low cost and also because it reduces the bus load of the supervising CAN network.
	www.picotech.com /auto/waveforms/lin_bus.html (282 words)

	Embedded.com - Silicon-on-insulator technology optimizes in-vehicle networking
		The Local Interconnect Networking (LIN) bus standard was first developed for low-speed in-vehicle sub-networks.
		Its goal is to improve both the cost-effectiveness and the flexibility of car networking, especially for decentralized implementations of local, in-vehicle functions, within the door, for example, for the lock, mirror and window lift.
		“Interconnecting locally applied sensors, actuators, and switches (such as in switch panels, door, and seat modules) to the CAN backbone with a standardized front end, LIN significantly helps reduce costs and design-in effort for a wide range of human-reaction time triggered applications, such as powered mirrors and windows in each door,” Philips indicates.
	www.embedded.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=181500644&pgno=2 (916 words)

	Embedded.com - Test equipment optimizes intelligent automotive CAN and LIN
		LIN enables manufacturers to offload traditional CAN network tasks to a lower-cost implementation that is more flexible, albeit at a lower speed.
		CAN network optimization issues will surface when physical interfaces support a lower-cost, buffer-based system and network traffic levels are "bursty" enough to outstrip the buffers and data is lost.
		With the various implementations of protocols on a single network inter-connected using a gateway, there is a need for accurate and in-time communication between different segments of network across that gateway.
	www.embedded.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=180205398 (1229 words)

	Dashwerks, Inc. - Carputer Industry Links
		A serial bus system that is well suited for networking "intelligent" devices and sensors and actuators within a system or sub-system.
		A new low-cost serial communication system intended to be used for distributed electronic systems in vehicles, which complements the existing portfolio of automotive multiplex networks.
		A consortium of leading transportation companies that have found TTP to be the best in-vehicle data communication network and the most suitable technology for their emerging products.
	www.dashwerks.com /carputer_resources.php (281 words)

	Circuit Cellar - Digital Library - 159 Pfeiffer
		Using standard network protocols allows you to use development tools (e.g., network monitors, analyzers, simulators, and loggers) and to possibly integrate off-the-shelf components in the network.
		LIN is a simple network protocol that works on almost any UART.
		A typical example would be to have a LIN subnetwork in each of a car’s seats (connecting all the switches and motors) and have one microcontroller in a seat act as a gateway between the local LIN subnetwork and the CAN bus.
	www.circuitcellar.com /library/print/1003/Pfeiffer-159 (790 words)

	More functionality for LIN interface family: News from Melexis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The LIN protocol is processed by one task of the CPU.
		LIN specification 1.3 is supported now and the upgrade to 2.0, or SAEJ2602, is under development.
		Combining the physical layer LIN transceiver, the LIN protocol controller, a switch matrix or single switch inputs and PWM outputs on one chip make it possible for Melexis customers to develop simple, but powerful and cheap switch slave nodes in LIN bus systems.
	www.electronicstalk.com /news/mle/mle103.html (511 words)

	Motorola - Auto standard promises 'plug & play' compatibility
		“LIN 2.0 is a robust release based on three years of product development and road testing with previous versions of the standard,” says Bernd Rucha, chairman of the LIN Consortium and manager of the Computing in the Car Laboratory at Motorola.
		In these units, LIN’s cost-effective nature is said to enable the introduction of mechatronic elements, such as smart sensors, actuators and illumination.
		LIN’s “holistic approach” and the availability of well-defined tool interfaces is said to allow reduced design time of network systems with robust and fully predictable behaviour in the time domain.
	www.ferret.com.au /articles/28/0C01A628.asp (330 words)

	8-bit Microcontrollers with LIN-compatible UARTs from Fujitsu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		LIN, along with the Controller Area Network (CAN), has emerged as a de facto, low-cost communications standard for in-vehicle networks.
		LIN is an inexpensive, reliable automotive-grade local area network.
		LIN-compatible networks can include automobile climate sensors, remote air-conditioning temperature and airflow controls, and other analogue equipment.
	www.microcontroller.com /news/printer_Fujitsu__MB89210_LIN.asp (343 words)

	TJA1020; LIN transceiver
		The TJA1020 is the interface between the LIN master/slave protocol controller and the physical bus in a Local Interconnect Network (LIN).
		The transmit data stream of the protocol controller at the TXD input is converted by the LIN transceiver into a bus signal with controlled slew rate and wave shaping to minimize EME.
		The receiver detects the data stream at the LIN bus input pin and transfers it via pin RXD to the microcontroller.
	www.vlsi.com /pip/TJA1020T_N1.html (504 words)

	INTERNATIONAL Rectifier - 197AL - LIN-controlled alternator regulator
		The LIN solution can be uniquely addressed for compatibility with up to 15 other modules on the bus and all data can be transmitted or received in a single pass.
		The LIN interface provides a simplified method of reliably achieving the bidirectional communication required for maximum alternator performance in an intelligent charging system.
		The LIN serial interface is used by the engine control unit (ECU) to transmit charging voltage setpoint from 10.7V to 16V, load response control ramp and cut-off speed and the field excitation limit.
	www.ferret.com.au /articles/30/0C028B30.asp (390 words)

	CONSORTIUM AND STANDARDS LIST
		The Local Interconnect Network Consortium (LIN) defines and implements an open standard for class-A serial buses in vehicle networks.
		The standard, named Local Interconnect Network (LIN) was created as the enabling factor for the implementation of a hierarchical vehicle network in order to gain enhancement and cost reduction of vehicles.
		Typical applications for the LIN bus are assembly units such as doors, steering wheel, seats, climate regulation, lighting, rain sensor, or alternator.
	consortiuminfo.org /links/detail.php?ID=428 (145 words)

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