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Topic: Logical argument

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	Argument [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		An argument is a connected series of statements or propositions, some of which are intended to provide support, justification or evidence for the truth of another statement or proposition.
		Even the conclusion of an argument can be left unstated if it is obvious enough from context that the speaker intends his or her words to provide evidence for a certain proposition.
		The person stating this argument probably thinks that the conclusion is justified by the premise, but he or she would be mistaken.
	www.iep.utm.edu /a/argument.htm (1775 words)

	Logical argument - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In logic, an argument is an attempt to demonstrate the truth of an assertion called a conclusion, based on the truth of a set of assertions called premises.
		Less subjective criteria for validity of arguments are often clearly desirable, and in some cases we should even expect an argument to be rigorous, that is, to adhere to precise rules of validity.
		Grice, Logic and Conversation in The Logic of Grammar, Dickenson, 1975.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Logical_argument (2124 words)

	Alt.Atheism FAQ: Constructing a Logical Argument
		Logic will let you analyze an argument or a piece of reasoning, and work out whether it is correct or not.
		An argument is, to quote the Monty Python sketch, "a connected series of statements to establish a definite proposition".
		Denial of the antecedent This fallacy is an argument of the form "A implies B, A is false, therefore B is false".
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Olympus/7444/logic.html (5440 words)

	Logical Argument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Just like an argument that is valid is not necessarily a proof, a program that is syntactically correct (obeys the rules of the programming language) is not always properly done.
		When one speaks of the validity of the argument, you are speaking of whether or not the argument obeys the rules of logical argument.
		The truth or falsity of the premises of an argument are irrelevant to the validity of an argument.
	home.earthlink.net /~mylnir/debate/logic.me.html (1359 words)

	Atheism: Logic & Fallacies
		You should always state the premises of the argument explicitly; this is the principle of audiatur et altera pars.
		This fallacy is an argument of the form "A implies B, B is true, therefore A is true." To understand why it is a fallacy, examine the truth table for implication given earlier.
		This is the converse of Denial of the Antecedent.
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/mathew/logic.html (5866 words)

	Logical Arguments
		Logic is the discipline that studies this distinction—both by determining the conditions under which the truth of certain beliefs leads naturally to the truth of some other belief, and by drawing attention to the ways in which we may be led to believe something without respect for its truth.
		An argument is a set of two or more propositions related to each other in such a way that all but one of them (the premises) are supposed to provide support for the remaining one (the conclusion).
		No inductive argument is either absolutely perfect or entirely useless, although one may be said to be relatively better or worse than another in the sense that it recommends its conclusion with a higher or lower degree of probability.
	www.philosophypages.com /lg/e01.htm (1799 words)

	Logical Fallacies and the Art of Debate
		That kind of response is fine, except that the original argument still remains in the debate, albeit in a less persuasive form, and the opposition is free to mount a rhetorical offensive saying why it's important after all.
		This is the familiar argument that some policy, behavior, or practice is right or acceptable because "it's always been done that way." This is an extremely popular fallacy in debate rounds; for example, "Every great civilization in history has provided state subsidies for art and culture!" But that fact does not justify continuing the policy.
		For instance, you might make an evolutionary argument to the effect that the prevalence of a particular practice in existing societies is evidence that societies that failed to adopt it were weeded out by natural selection.
	www.csun.edu /~dgw61315/fallacies.html (5262 words)

	Logical Arguments
		Logical arguments are formal structures of thought [required orders or sequences of thinking] by which verifiable, falsifiable and verified Premises lead to logical [valid and true] Conclusions.
		Logical arguments, in their basic forms, are one of two types: P = Q = X or If P then Q.
		Logical Arguments in which the premises are verifiable/falsifiable/verified (by physical evidence/credible eyewitness reports of physical evidence) and are relevant to the conclusions which are (A) valid if relevant to the premises and (B) true if the premises are verified.
	www.bobkwebsite.com /logicalarguments.html (1815 words)

	[No title]
		And once we have an argument reduced to a formal logical structure (the extreme, of course, being a mathematical representation) we feel as though the issue is well understood.
		Logical reasoning provides us with an intellectually economical means of making sense out of the world around us in a manner that can be shared with other people and verified individually.
		The idea of extracting dinosaur DNA from the blood in mosquitoes that were trapped in amber may or may not be scientifically feasible, but it is plausible enough to meet the structural requirements of the genre and the expectations of the readers.
	home.gwu.edu /~jartz/stories/ROS2.doc (2428 words)

	Constructing a Logical Argument (2002 Apr 08)
		Logic allows us to analyze a piece of reasoning and determine whether it is correct or not (valid or invalid).
		Inductive arguments are not valid or invalid; however, we can talk about whether they are better or worse than other arguments, and about how probable their premises are.
		This line of argument is not always completely bogus; for example, reference to an admitted authority in a particular field may be relevant to a discussion of that subject.
	www.hacksaw.org /argue.html (4119 words)

	Constructing a Logical Argument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Logic allows us to analyse a piece of reasoning and determine whether it is correct or not (valid or invalid).
		Therefore it is not a conclusion, and the sentence is not an argument.
		This fallacy is an argument of the form "A implies B, A is false, therefore B is false".
	www.smouse.demon.co.uk /logargs.htm (3961 words)

	Logical Argument from Evil
		According to logical arguments from evil, some known fact about evil is logically incompatible with God's existence.
		Moreover, he argues that the kind of omnipotence and omniscience that theists ascribe to God is incoherent, and defends both evidential and logical arguments from evil against the existence of God.
		Smith argues that "There is evil" is logically incompatible with "God exists and is omnipotent, omniscient, and wholly good." In other words, Smith defends a logical argument from evil.
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/nontheism/atheism/evil-logical.html (572 words)

	NCPA Debate Central -- Logical Fallacies and Debate
		On the other hand, if you can show that the original argument actually commits a logical fallacy, you put the opposition in the position of justifying why their original argument should be considered at all.
		A better strategy (usually) is to wait for the other team to bring up an argument, and then refute it; that way, you don't end up wasting your time by refuting arguments that the opposition has never made in the first place.
		Although clearly fallacious, tu quoque arguments play an important role in debate because they may help establish who has done a better job of debating (setting aside the issue of whether the proposition is true or not).
	www.ncpa.org /debate2/fallacies.html (5283 words)

	Argument: Species and Forms
		In a deductively valid argument, the link between the premises and the conclusion is strict in the sense that the conclusion must be true in every case in which the premises are true, barring any exception.
		Argument from expert opinion creates a presumption that a proposition is true, based on an appeal to the opinion of a suitably qualified expert who has claimed that it is true.
		This type of argumentation is reasonable in many cases, but it can be used as a sophistical tactic to bring pressure against an opponent in argument, or to appeal to group interests or loyalties in an emotional way, in lieu of presenting stronger forms of evidence that should be provided.
	www.stanford.edu /~jonahw/PWR1-W04/Argument.html (901 words)

	A List Of Fallacious Arguments
		This fallacy is a variant of the Argument From Age.
		Argument By Slogan are useful adjuncts, particularly if you can get the audience to chant the slogan.
		This is a relative of Argument By Selective Observation, in that the arguer overlooks arguments that he does not like.
	www.don-lindsay-archive.org /skeptic/arguments.html (6778 words)

	English 101 Online: Logical Argument
		Logic allows us to analyze a piece of reasoning and determine whether it is correct or not.
		n argument is, to quote the Monty Python sketch, "a connected series of statements to establish a definite proposition." There are three stages to an argument: premises, inference, and conclusion.
		The following argument appeared in a letter defending the membership policy of the Century Club, an all-male club established in New York in 1847, which was under pressure to admit women in the 1980s.
	www.cod.edu /Course/eng101/logic.htm (4109 words)

	Constructing a Logical Argument
		The premises of the argument are used to obtain further propositions.
		Therefore it is not a proposition, and the sentence is not an argument.
		A sound argument is a valid argument whose premises are true.
	www.virtualschool.edu /mon/SocialConstruction/Logic.html (4282 words)

	Logical Argument in College Writing (Dennis G. Jerz, Seton Hill University) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Logical Argument in College Writing (Dennis G. Jerz, Seton Hill University)
		As a fully-fledged member of twenty-first-century society, you will often be asked to make (and defend) difficult choices among complex alternatives.
		In high school, you probably earned an A if you paper was correctly spelled and convinced your teacher that you did the assigned readings (or at least watched enough of the video that you could fake it).
	jerz.setonhill.edu /writing/argument/index.html (391 words)

	OWL at Purdue University: Argumentation/Persuasion: Logic in Argumentative Writing
		We use logic every day to figure out test questions, plan our budgets, and decide who to date.
		We borrow from the vocabulary of logic when we say, "Brilliant deduction" or even "I don't want to argue about it." In the study of logic, however, each of these terms has a specific definition, and we must be clear on these if we are to communicate effectively.
		You can use these terms and concepts to help you both analyze the arguments of others and generate your own arguments when you write.
	owl.english.purdue.edu /handouts/general/gl_argpers.html (226 words)

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