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Topic: Logic languages

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	The World Wide Web Virtual Library: Logic Programming
		Prolog is the most generally used logic programming language.
		ALF (Algebraic Logic Functional language), an integrated functional logic language based on narrowing/rewriting.
		Logic, Programming and Prolog, 2nd edition, by Ulf Nilsson and Jan Maluszynski.
	vl.fmnet.info /logic-prog (1454 words)

	Dagstuhl Seminar "Integration of Functional and Logic Languages" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Languages that integrate functional and logic programming with a complete operational semantics are based on narrowing, a unification-based goal-solving mechanism which subsumes the reduction principle of functional languages and the resolution principle of logic languages.
		Eden is a functional language with explicit process definitions and implicit communication, suitable for parallel as well as for concurrent programming in general.
		Its logic is captured in a single simplification function S which is designed to be applied in parallel to almost every subexpression of a given expression.
	www.cs.bris.ac.uk /~eder/dagstuhl.html (4001 words)

	www-rdf-logic@w3.org Mail Archives
		The www-rdf-logic list provides a forum for technical discussion concerning the design of logic-based languages for use on the Web.
		W3C provides the www-rdf-logic forum as a home for detailed technical discussion of all approaches to the use of classical logic on the Web for the representation of data such as inference rules, ontologies, and complex schemata.
		The logic list, through association with the RDF Interest Group, also serves as a mechanism to provide input into W3C's Semantic Web activities, in particular relating to future directions for the Resource Description Framework.
	lists.w3.org /Archives/Public/www-rdf-logic (194 words)

	KAW98: Visual Languages
		The use of visual languages is compelling for many reasons, not the least of which is that their graphical nature can act as an analogical representation of the actual domain in a way that is not possible with purely textual systems.
		The value of visual languages is evidenced by the wide variety and large number of visual languages in existence, as well as by a number of compelling psychological arguments and some empirical evidence.
		The syntax and semantics of visual languages is as varied as visual languages themselves, but Crimi et al (1991) have applied relational grammars to visual languages to formalize their syntax.
	pages.cpsc.ucalgary.ca /~kremer/papers/KAW98/visual/kremer-visual.html (5501 words)

	Programming languages
		Scala is a concurrent, object-oriented, functional language with a special focus on web services, and designed as a successor to Funnel, a language based on the Join calculus which combines FP with Petri nets.
		HOL is a theorem prover for higher-order logic.
		Cecil is a pure OO language with multi-methods; the Vortex compiler uses a whole-program optimizer to largely eliminate unnecessary dispatches.
	www.cs.uu.nl /people/franka/lang (1580 words)

	Computing Languages List
		The language was further extended to use computational reflection to manage distributed computing and other language extensions in a way that is as seamless as possible to the user.
		The language is suitable for expressing a large class of numerical processor in a form sufficiently concise for direct automatic translation into the language of programmed automatic computers.
		The algorithmic language has three different kinds of representations- reference, hardware, and publication, and the development described is in terms of the language are represented by a given set of symbols and it is only in the choice of symbols that the other two representations may differ.
	www.hypernews.org /HyperNews/get/computing/lang-list.html (17532 words)

	Programming Languages
		TOM is a new object-oriented programming language that advocates unplanned reuse of code (classes can be extended in very flexible ways, even without source code for them).
		The Java Modelling Language, is Java extended with specification facilities (class invariants, preconditions, postconditions etc.); These can be added within comments, so that existing Java tools are unaffected, but the JML tools can perform deeper analysis of the program to detect more errors.
		Haskell is the most popular functional programming language and is the one that I've used a lot (for example, my Z animator, Jaza).
	www.cs.waikato.ac.nz /~marku/languages.html (2219 words)

	Functional Logic Programming
		A functional logic programming language is a programming language that joins in a single paradigm features of logic programming and functional programming.
		The advantages of functional logic programming languages over pure functional or pure logic languages can be better understood by comparing the implementations of a textbook example of a well-known problem.
		Curry is a general purpose programming language proposed as the lingua franca of the functional logic community.
	www.cs.pdx.edu /~antoy/research/flp (1080 words)

	Logic-Based Composition of Logic Languages
		A logically sound basis to the work is vital and theoretical issues were explored in two of the papers.
		Hill described the design and implementation of a practical but generic module system for typed languages which is implemented as an extension of the existing Godel sysem.
		Moreover, a third paper concerned with languages but aiming at the representation of the design and implementation of logic programs was presented by Laemmel.
	www.cs.ucy.ac.cy /compulog/newpage111.htm (549 words)

	Logical languages
		Logical languages are a special kind of artificial languages, namely of speakable languages created from scratch rather than developed spontaneously within a culture.
		The typical feature of logical languages is that their structure and grammar are intended to express the logical relations within sentences in clear and effective ways.
		The English language with all forms and uses of the verb "to be" omitted.
	www.geocities.com /gataspus/loglangs.htm (671 words)

	Common Logic Proposal
		Bottom arrow labeled "identity" shows that the denotations must be identical for the language L to be CL conformant.
		Description logics (DLs) are a family of languages used to describe and classify concepts and their instances.
		Translation from a less expressive to a more expressive language is always possible; reverse translation is possible only on some subset of the more expressive language.
	www.jfsowa.com /talks/clprop.htm (623 words)

	UCL - Département d'Ingénierie Informatique (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Is it possible to implement a logic language as easily as writing a WAM-based Prolog, such that the language's performance rivals imperative languages?
		Second, it is possible for a logic language to approach imperative language performance.
		Logical State Threads is a package for SICStus Prolog and compatible systems that simplifies the development of large Prolog programs.
	www.info.ucl.ac.be /people/PVR/implementation.html (478 words)

	What are Logic Programming and Prolog? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Prolog and LDL are examples of declarative languages; since they emphasize the logical properties of a computation, they are often called logic programming languages.
		Prolog implements a subset of second-order logic (that is, it can deal with sets as well as atomic propositions), and the language's flexibility permits propositions which lie well outside the boundaries of any classification of formal logical systems.
		Logic programming languages are inherently ``high-level'' because they focus on the computation's logic and not on its mechanics (which in fact are inaccessible to the programmer).
	www.biocheminfo.org /moirai/cs_magenta/prolog.html (564 words)

	Issues in Implementing Logic Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is easy to implement a new logic language using existing tools.
		There are a variety of techniques and tools one can use, depending on the trade-off one is looking for: getting a new system up and running quickly, getting a reasonably efficient system running quickly, or achieving interoperability and the best efficiency.
		They are useful as the basis of the abstract machine, as the compiler intermediate language, and as the heart of code generation and abstract interpretation.
	www.info.ucl.ac.be /people/PVR/impltalk.html (268 words)

	Dean's seminar-Logic, Languages, & Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		We will apply the methods of modern mathematical logic to formalize the slippery notions of grammar and meaning in language.
		In the case of symbolic languages and certain fragments of natural languages, we will define and model phrases, formulas, and sentences.
		Student mini-conference will be held at the end of the semester at which students, divided in groups, will give presentations on their final projects.
	home.gwu.edu /~harizanv/S2004CompleteDeanSeminarDescr.html (235 words)

	Functional Logic Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Functional logic programming aims to amalgamate the most important declarative programming paradigms, namely functional programming and logic programming.
		In comparison with pure functional languages, functional logic languages have more expressive power due to the availability of features like function inversion, partial data structures, existential variables, and non-deterministic search.
		In comparison with pure logic languages, functional logic languages have a more efficient operational behavior since functions provide for more efficient evaluation strategies (lazy evaluation, deterministic reductions) than predicates.
	www.informatik.uni-kiel.de /~mh/FLP (142 words)

	Cetus Links: 18,452 Links on Objects and Components / Prolog
		The Prolog language is now defined by an ISO (1995) Standard.
		Linear logic systems such as Lolli and LLP are supersets (more or less) of Prolog that define additional operations for these purposes.
		Inductive logic often uses a schema of classes, instances and attribute values to define a rule base.
	www.cetus-links.org /oo_prolog.html (2177 words)

	Abstract: Logical Foundations of Object Oriented and Frame Based Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		We propose a novel formalism, called Frame Logic (abbr., F-logic), that accounts in a clean and declarative fashion for most of the structural aspects of object-oriented and frame-based languages.
		A small number of fundamental concepts that come from object-oriented programming have direct representation in F-logic; other, secondary aspects of this paradigm are easily modeled as well.
		The paper also discusses semantic issues pertaining to programming with a deductive object-oriented language based on a subset of F-logic.
	www.informatik.uni-freiburg.de /~dbis/Publications/95/flogic-jacm.html (216 words)

	The Twelf Project
		Twelf provides a uniform meta-language for specifying, implementing, and proving properties of programming languages and logics.
		Logical Frameworks---A Brief Introduction, lecture noes from the Marktoberdorf Summer School, July 2001.
		Below are other recent publications relevant to research on logical frameworks in the Twelf project.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~twelf (1116 words)

	[No title]
		A Logical Framework for Scheduling Workflows under Resource Allocation Constraints.
		An extension of Concurrent Transaction Logic to deal with constraint solving with applications to workflow management.
		Surveys a number of logic-based approaches to dealing with changing states in database languages.
	www.cs.sunysb.edu /~kifer/dood/papers.html (258 words)

	Open Directory - Science: Math: Logic and Foundations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Introduction to Mathematical Logic - Hyper-textbook for students by V. Detlovs and K. Podnieks.
		Math Front: LO Logic - Front end for the logic section of the mathematics e-print arXiv.
		Mathematical Logic and Foundations - From The Mathematical Atlas, a resource of mathematics maintained by David Rusin.
	dmoz.org /Science/Math/Logic_and_Foundations (184 words)

	LtU Classic Archives
		Although most functional languages (like Scheme) can mimic the logic languages, it's not necessarily natural nor intuitive.
		Though Mercury is really a pure logic language, the authors of the language have found a way to use functional techniques in way that compiles to pure logic techniques.
		While on efficiency and logic programming, it may be worthwhile to mention that there are many 'tricks' that are useful to speed up Prolog programs.
	lambda-the-ultimate.org /classic/message459.html (402 words)

	Visual Programming Languages Bibliography: A Branch of the Visual Language Research Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The papers are: (1) all the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages (VL) conference papers starting with VL'98, (2) Journal of Visual Language and Computing papers that authors have listed here (authors of all JVLC papers are strongly encouraged to list their papers here), and (3) any additional papers an author chooses to contribute.
		Ambler, Allen L. and Margaret M. Burnett, Visual Languages and the Conflict Between Single Assignment and Iteration, 1989 IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages, Rome, Italy, 138-143, Oct. 1989.
		An Empirical Study, 1993 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages, Bergen, Norway, August 24-27, 1993.
	www.cs.orst.edu /%7Eburnett/vpl.html (15333 words)

	Dale Miller (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Declarative programming; operational semantics; computational logic, proof theory, linear logic; automated deduction, unification, proof search.
		: International Workshop on Logical Frameworks and Meta-Languages: Theory and Practice.
		I am married to Catuscia Palamidessi and we have two children: Nadia and Alexis.
	www.cse.psu.edu /~dale (144 words)

	Workshop on Parallelism and Implementation Technology for (Constraint) Logic Programming Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Workshop on Parallelism and Implementation Technology for (Constraint) Logic Programming Languages
		A Static Analysis Method for a Classical Linear Logic Programming Language
		16:00-17:00 -- Panel on Modules for Logic Languages (participants still to be decided)
	www.cs.nmsu.edu /lldap/iclp99/papers (65 words)

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