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	GetWiki \| Logical NAND
		Logical NAND, for Not And, sometimes denoted by a symbol "" or "↑" called the Sheffer stroke, is a logical operation that is equivalent to the negation of the conjunction operation, expressed in ordinary language as "not both".
		The NAND operation is a logical operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of false if and only if both of its operands are true.
		NAND is not used in everyday sentences because it exhibits an inherent inversion, which makes it confusing like a double negative.
	www.getwiki.net /-Logical_NAND (993 words)

	Logical conjunction Summary
		In logic and mathematics, logical conjunction (usual symbol and) is a two-place logical operation that results in a value of true if both of its operands are true, otherwise a value of false.
		Logical conjunction is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of true if and only if both of its operands are true.
		Logically, the sentence "it's raining, but the sun is shining" is equivalent to "it's raining, and the sun is shining", so logically, "but" is equivalent to "and".
	www.bookrags.com /Logical_conjunction (2184 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Sheffer stroke
		The Sheffer stroke, written "" or "↑", denotes a logical operation that is equivalent to the negation of the conjunction operation, expressed in ordinary language as "not both".
		The NAND operation is a logical operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of false if and only if both of its operands are true.
		NAND is not used in everyday sentences because it exhibits an inherent inversion, which makes it confusing like a double negative.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/NAND (968 words)

	Logical Effort Review
		In order to calculate the logical effort of a NAND gate, we size the transistors so that their conductance is the same as the single transistors in a reference inverter.
		Since the logical effort when γ=2.33 is practically the same, and γ=2.33 corresponds to setting the P and N transistors equal in size, we choose γ=2.33 for 3-NAND gates in the vsclib.
		Since the logical effort when γ=2.5 is practically the same, and γ=2.5 has the same discrepancy in output drive strengths as γ=2 (but the other way round), and &gamma=2 has been chosen as the normal P:N transistor ratio for the vsclib, we choose γ=2.5 for 4-NAND gates.
	www.vlsitechnology.org /html/le_nd.html (520 words)

	Logical nor
		Logical nor is a boolean logic operator which produces a result that is the inverse of logical or.
		Nor has the interesting feature that all other logical operators can be expressed by various functions of nor.
		This is similar to the logical nand operator.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/no/Nor.html (63 words)

	Truth table - MathWeb
		Logical negation is an operation on one logical value, typically the value of a proposition, that produces a value of true when its operand is false and a value of false when its operand is true.
		Logical disjunction, also called logical alternation, is an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of false if and only if both of its operands are false.
		The logical implication and the material conditional are both associated with an operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of false if and only if the first operand is true and the second operand is false.
	www.mathweb.org /wiki/Truth_table (573 words)

	Glossary - Logical Operators
		Logical operators are generally derived from Boolean algebra, which is a mathematical way of manipulating the truth values of concepts in an abstract way without bothering about what the concepts actually mean.
		As with other image arithmetic operations, it is also possible to logically combine a single input image with a constant logical value, in which case each pixel in the input image is compared to the same constant in order to produce the corresponding output pixel.
		Logical operations can also be carried out on images with integer pixel values.
	homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk /rbf/HIPR2/logic.htm (511 words)

	Components
		Logical NAND gate, with number of inputs variable from two to five.
		Logical NOR gate, with number of inputs variable from two to five.
		Logical NOT gate, with one input and one output.
	hal.trinhall.cam.ac.uk /grouphotel/manual/node4.html (310 words)

	Amplitude to phase conversion logic - Patent 5466925
		The NAND function is produced by carefully balancing the input levels so that when all of the plurality of input beam sets are on, the energy sum balances the bias beam set so that the at least one output is off at a low level.
		To provide multiple independent logic actions, each logic action to be performed uses a separate frequency (or wavelength.) The input beam sets react with the portion of the bias beam set that has that same wavelength.
		Broad band optics to accommodate the many wavelengths needed for frequency multiplexed logic in the present invention can be constructed by aligning the multi-wavelength energy beam sets (both bias and input,) so that the DI component areas are superimposed onto the same location(s) on the image component separator where image component separation takes place.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5466925.html (4429 words)

	The Basic RS NAND Latch
		In order for a logical circuit to "remember" and retain its logical state even after the controlling input signal(s) have been removed, it is necessary for the circuit to include some form of feedback.
		The same logic 1 will also be applied to the second input of the other NAND gate, allowing that output to fall to a logic 0 level.
		Now, the unconnected input is held at a logic 1 through its resistor (an electronic component that allows an electrical connection without causing a dead short), while the connected input is held at logic 0 by the direct connection through the switch.
	www.play-hookey.com /digital/rs_nand_latch.html (909 words)

	GetWiki \| Logical NNOR
		The logical NNOR, for Neither Nor, also called NOR, for Not Or, or joint denial, is a boolean logic operator that produces a result that is the inverse of logical or.
		The NNOR operation is a logical operation on two logical values, typically the values of two propositions, that produces a value of true if and only if both operands are false.
		The logical NAND or Sheffer stroke roperator also has this ability to express all logical operations.
	www.getwiki.net /-Logical_NNOR (382 words)

	WebWire® \| Toshiba’s new LBA-NAND(TM) Flash Memory to Launch in Global Market
		NAND Flash memory currently uses the physical address access method that defines each physical page of a memory, from the chip to the block, to the page and down to the cell.
		The logical address access method of LBA assigns each cell a unique address that is not geometry dependent.
		While LBA-NANDTM are also fully compliant with the standard NAND Flash interface, it is possible to connect to the interface of current NAND flash memory controller.
	www.webwire.com /ViewPressRel.asp?aId=17800 (525 words)

	Assembly Language Programming - Lesson 6 - Binary Logic - AtariAge Forums
		Logical OR in an 'inclusive-OR', not an 'exclusive-OR' as represented by the XOR function to be discussed next.
		The functions NAND, NOR, and XNOR are the logical opposites of AND, OR, and XOR.
		For each input byte you perform the logic function between the corresponding pairs of bits from each input byte, and place the result bit in the corresponding position in the result byte.
	www.atariage.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=39747 (2578 words)

	neuros-firmware: nand.c File Reference
		Function writes to the logical sector, which is specified by the FAT file system layer, NAND flash will always appear to be contiguous to the FAT file system on a sector level.
		actvSecOffset = (unsigned long)logSec and 0x003F; 00651 #else 00652 Nand.
		02832 #ifdef HARD_CODED_OPTIMIZATION 02833 phySec = ((unsigned long)phyBlk<<6) + ((unsigned long)sec and 0x003F); 02834 #else 02835 phySec = (unsigned long)phyBlk * Nand.
	neuros-firmware.sourceforge.net /deepb/doxygen/nand_8c.html (3992 words)

	[No title]
		NAND flash may contain bad blocks; bad bits may develop in previously good blocks; and heavily used blocks will “wear-out”.
		These ensure that all the blocks in a NAND flash array are written to evenly within a configurable maximum distance metric.
		NAND flash is constantly evolving and HCC work to ensure that the product works with the latest technology.
	www.hcc-embedded.com /site.php?mid=20 (814 words)

	General Blocks - Logical
		The model to perform a logical XOR (exclusive - or) on the two input values.
		The model to perform the logical NOR operation on two input values.
		The model to perform the logical NAND operation on the two input values.
	www.csim.com /models/general_blocks/Logical.html (145 words)

	Toshiba Embedded NAND Solutions
		By combining high-density MLC NAND and the controller function in the same package, the need for host software drivers and memory management functions is minimized and the time to market is reduced.
		NAND Flash memory is the preferred non-volatile data storage solution today due to its high capacity, low power consumption, and cost/performance advantages.
		As NAND Flash memory advances to smaller process geometries at 56nm and below, the robustness of the NAND decreases and the need for ECC increases because of the physics of the smaller memory cell.
	www.toshiba.com /taec/adinfo/embeddednand (2378 words)

	Nohau UK - Embedded Hardware, Tools and Software
		To allow a higher level system – such as a file system – to use NAND flash effectively it is necessary to use an FTL which carefully manages the flash while providing a simple logical sector interface to the host system.
		NAND flash is constantly evolving and HCC work to ensure that the product works with the latest technology.
		The FTL requires some functions for accessing the NAND flash device to be provided – included with the package are sample drivers for several NAND flash types though the interface is designed to be easy to port to any NAND device.
	www.nohau.co.uk /Suppliers/HCC-Embedded/ftl.htm (733 words)

	EDN Access--04.10.97 VHDL and Verilog fundamentals--expressions, operands, and operators
		Logical bit-wise operators take two single- or multiple-bit operands on either side of the operator and return a single-bit result.
		Verilog does not have the equivalent of a NAND or NOR operator, but you can implement their functions in Verilog by negating the AND and OR operators.
		If the logical expression is false, Verilog evaluates the expression after the colon and assigns the result to the output.
	www.edn.com /archives/1997/041097/08df_08.htm (1827 words)

	logical operation@Everything2.com
		Logical operations include AND, OR, NAND, XOR, and NOR.
		Being a function, a logical operation depends only on the truth values of its inputs (and not, say, on context).
		=2 logical "operations" with no inputs; these are called the constants 0 and 1.
	www.everything2.com /?node_id=768110 (269 words)

	Chapter Three Introduction to Digital Design
		The symbol "" represents the logical AND operation; e.g., A B is the result of logically ANDing the boolean values A and B.
		The symbol "+" represents the logical OR operation; e.g., A + B is the result of logically ORing the boolean values A and B.
		Logical complement, negation, or not, is a unary operator.
	webster.cs.ucr.edu /AoA/Windows/HTML/DigitalDesign.html (2128 words)

	Derived Logical Functions and Gates
		With the gate shown to the left, both inputs must have logic 1 signals applied to them in order for the output to be a logic 0.
		However, for practical reasons, commercial NAND gates are most commonly manufactured with 2, 3, or 4 inputs, to fit in a 14-pin or 16-pin package.
		Where the OR gate allows the output to be true (logic 1) if any one or more of its inputs are true, the NOR gate inverts this and forces the output to logic 0 when any input is true.
	www.play-hookey.com /digital/derived_gates.html (721 words)

	nand content at silicon.com
		White Paper The trend of using NAND in mobile platforms is pushed by new and growing data services offered by carriers, increasing the requirement for data storage, and by hardware manufacturers' desire to decrease BOM cost.
		White Paper An optoelectronic NAND logical gate is composed of thin film photoconducting and electroluminescent elements, made of cadmium sulphide and zinc sulphide respectively, doped with copper, chlorine and manganese.
		NAND stands for 'N and', a reference to how data is retrieved.
	www.silicon.com /tags/nand.htm (573 words)

	Image Processing AND, NAND
		The NAND binary operator is the complete inverse of the AND binary operation.
		NAND outputs 0 when both the inputs are 1, else it produces 0.
		The AND and NAND operations are performed through a single pass module which during operation passes through the each pixel of each image and calculates the pixels of the output image by doing the respective operation on the corresponding pixels to calculate the output pixels.
	www.codersource.net /csharp_image_processing_and_nand.aspx (597 words)

	Glossary of Electronic Technical Terms
		Logical function which is TRUE if and only if not all of the inputs are TRUE.
		Type designator: xxyzz, where xx is the number of inputs, y is either L for active low outputs or H for active high outputs, and zz is the number of outputs; example: 16L8.
		A variable resistor the value of which is determined by the position of a slider or a knob.
	www.zytrax.com /tech/glossary/gloss.htm (4197 words)

	Logic [ steve-parker.org ]
		The Logical NAND gate is an AND gate followed by a NOT gate.
		The Logical NOR Gate is an OR gate followed by a NOT gate.
		The Logical XNOR Gate is an XOR gate followed by a NOT gate.
	steve-parker.org /logic (408 words)

	Point Operations - Logical AND/NAND
		The AND (and similarly the NAND) operator typically takes two binary or integer graylevel images as input, and outputs a third image whose pixel values are just those of the first image, ANDed with the corresponding pixels from the second.
		The reason is that the object has rather low pixel values (similar to a logical 0) whereas the background has a high values (similar to a logical 1).
		However, we normally associate an object with logical 1 and the background with logical 0, therefore we actually ANDed the negatives of two images, which is equivalent to NOR them.
	homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk /rbf/HIPR2/and.htm (1021 words)

	TOSHIBA DEVELOPS LBA-NAND FLASH MEMORY WITH LOGICAL BLOCK ADDRESSING FOR EMBEDDED APPLICATIONS
		NAND Flash memory currently uses the physical address access method that defines each physical page of a memory, from the chip to the block, to the page and down to the cell.
		NAND Flash has become one of the leading technologies for solid-state storage applications because of its high-speed programming capability, high-speed erasing, and low cost.
		Toshiba’s NAND Flash memory products are optimized for general solid-state storage, image file storage and audio for applications such as solid-state disk drives, digital cameras, audio appliances, set-top boxes and industrial storage.
	www.toshiba.com /taec/news/press_releases/2006/memy_06_337.jsp (990 words)

	Micron NAND Flash Products - Applications
		NAND Flash provides increasingly portable, convenient patient monitoring by enabling weeks or even months of detailed information storage in a very rugged, compact, battery-friendly system.
		The rapidly increasing density and cost reductions of NAND Flash make it a promising supplement or even replacement for the hard disk drive in many portable computer platforms.
		NAND disks improve performance and reliability while stretching precious battery life.
	www.micron.com /nandcom/nand_applications.aspx (256 words)

	Micron Technology (MU)
		DRAM and NAND provide memory storage and retrieval for various electronic devices such as personal computers and MP3 players; iPod Nanos, for example, utilize NAND memory to store songs.
		While this makes NAND a logical market for Micron, the company must compete with NAND heavyweights such as Samsung (SSNLF) and Sandisk (SNDK) which, in 2006, generated flash memory revenues of $6.4 billion and $3.2 billion respectively.
		NAND Memory NAND memory or flash memory is used largely in cell phones, digital cameras, USB devices, and MP3 players such as the iPod Nano and Shuffle.
	www.wikinvest.com /stock/Micron_Technology_(MU) (1577 words)

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