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Topic: Lombard League

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Battle of Cortenuova

Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor

Lega Nord

Legnano

Umberto Bossi

Conrad IV of Germany

1237

Brescia

1176

1198

Verona

1177

Marco van Basten

John of Ibelin

	Lombard League - LoveToKnow 1911
		LOMBARD LEAGUE, the name given in general to any league of the cities of Lombardy, but applied especially to the league founded in 1167, which brought about the defeat of the emperor Frederick I.
		During the absence of Frederick from Italy from 1168 to 1174, the relations between the pope and the league became closer, and Alexander became the leader of the alliance.
		Meetings of the league were held in 1172 and 1173 to strengthen the bond, and to concert measures against the emperor, the penalties of the church being invoked to prevent defection.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Lombard_League (669 words)

	Lombardy
		Geographically it was divided into eight regions:-Austria, to the north-east; Neustria, to the north-west; Flaminia and a portion of Emilia; Lombard Tuscia; the Duchy of Spoleto; the Duchies of Benevento and Salerno; Istria; the Exarchate of Ravenna, and the Pentapolis, a late conquest which did not remain long in the hands of the Longobards.
		The Lombard Duchy of Beneventum, after various divisions, was conquered by the Normans in the eleventh century, while the city of Beneventum passed (1051-52) under papal sway.
		The league of the communes was a thorn for the empire and in 1220 Frederick II tried once more to break it and to conquer the Guelph republics of Lombardy.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/l/lombardy.html (4705 words)

	Lombards
		The Lombards (Latin Langobardi, from which the alternative name Longobards found in older English texts), were a Germanic group that entered the late Roman Empire.
		When they entered Italy the Lombards were partly still pagan, partly Arian Christians, and hence got along very badly with the Roman Catholic Church.
		The last Lombard to rule as king of the Lombards was Desiderius, who ruled until 774, when Charlemagne not only conquered the Lombard kingdom, but in an utterly novel decision took the title "King of the Lombards" as well.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/lo/Lombards.html (308 words)

	Lombardy
		The region suffered heavily in the barbarian invasions that ended the western Roman Empire, and from AD 568 to 774 it was the centre of the kingdom of the Lombards, a Germanic people who gave their name to the region.
		The Lombard kingdom ended in 774, and Lombardy became part of the empire of the Frankish king Charlemagne.
		Conflicts within the Lombard communes between Guelfs and Ghibellines were only resolved in the 13th and 14th centuries by the rise of overlords or despots, some of whom, such as the Visconti and Sforza in Milan and the Bonacolsi and Gonzaga in Mantua, founded local dynasties.
	www.orbilat.com /Encyclopaedia/L/Lombardy.html (808 words)

	news80
		While on the scene, Lombard emergency personnel were alerted by Glen Ellyn police that a window at a nearby tanning salon was "sooty." The call was upgraded to a general alarm.
		Lombard investigators were assisted in the case by the DuPage County Major Crimes Task Force, the DuPage County Coroner's Office and the DuPage County State's Attorney's Office.
		Lombard voters were faced with a question for District 44 on the March 16 ballot when they were asked to approve a rate increase, raising the rate to 2.65, and increasing taxes on a $225,000 home to an additional $312 per year.
	members.aol.com /lombardian/news0450a.html (2305 words)

	AllRefer.com - Lombard League (Italian History) - Encyclopedia
		Lombard League, an alliance formed in 1167 among the communes of Lombardy to resist Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I when he attempted to assert his imperial authority in Lombardy.
		In 1176 the league defeated Frederick at Legnano.
		The league was revived in 1226 against Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, who in 1237 defeated it at Cortenuova.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/LombardL.html (292 words)

	Three Monkeys Bossi's Lega Nord - history and myth
		The pseudo-medievalism of its symbols and the focus on the struggle of the medieval Lombard League as an inspirational historical episode are characteristic of the early development of the modern League in the 1980s and early 1990s.
		Indeed as the army of Lombard league consisted of contingents from many cities, it is unlikely that it had a single carroccio at Legnano, despite the fact that nineteenth century paintings and prints of the battle often depict one centre-stage.
		The modern League is not original in seeking to use the exploits of the medieval League in support of its cause: precisely the same process occurred during the early stages of the Risorgimento.
	www.threemonkeysonline.com /threemon_printable.php?id=7 (2392 words)

	Lombard league (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
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		About lombard gospel chapel lombard district 44 or lombard lilac festival greek islands lombard, lombard street in san francisco is required for lombard canada.
		lombard fried gallery without lombard middle school, also known as village of lombard il is required by thomas kinkade lombard street by yorktown cinema lombard is dan lombard lombard post office depends entirely on matt lombard topic.
	c3.pubcomp.com.cob-web.org:8888 /lombard-league.php (1008 words)

	Lombards — FactMonster.com
		, Pepin's successor, intervened, defeated the Lombards, and was crowned (774) with the Lombard crown at Pavia.
		Of the Lombard kingdom only the duchy of Benevento remained, and it was conquered in the 11th cent.
		Lombard League - Lombard League, an alliance formed in 1167 among the communes of Lombardy to resist Holy Roman...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0830194.html (435 words)

	Lombard League - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		At the Battle of Legnano on May 29, 1176, Frederick I was defeated and, by the Peace of Venice, agreed to a six-year truce from 1177 to 1183, until the Treaty of Constance, where the Italian cities agreed to remain loyal to the Empire but retained local jurisdiction over their territories.
		The Lombard League was renewed several times and after 1226 regained its former prestige by countering the efforts of Frederick II to gain greater power in Italy.
		The Lombard League, founded in 1984 by Umberto Bossi and currently led by Giancarlo Giorgetti (national secretary) and Roberto Castelli (national president), is also one of the parties forming the Lega Nord.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Lombard_League (306 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Lombard League (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Lombard League LOMBARD LEAGUE [Lombard League] an alliance formed in 1167 among the communes of Lombardy to resist Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I when he attempted to assert his imperial authority in Lombardy.
		Near Legnano the Lombard League defeated (1176) Emperor Frederick I. Vicenza VICENZA [Vicenza], city (1991 pop.
		As an ally of Pope Alexander III and the Lombard League, he was at war with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, but in 1184 he made
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/07590.html (547 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Lombard League (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The anti-imperial alliance formed by the cities of Lombardy: Bergamo, Brescia, Mantua, Ferrara, and Verona; Vicenza, Padua, and Treviso belonging to an earlier league, with Pope Alexander III against the Emperor Frederick I. A fortress was built called Alessandria, and a great victory won by the League at Legnano, 1176.
		In the treaty of Venice, 1177, Frederick recognized Alexander as pope, which was the defeat of his pretensions to rule Italy and to interfere with papal elections.
		The League was renewed, 1226, against Frederick II; the struggle ended with the death of Frederick and the overthrow of the Hohenstaufens, 1250.
	www.catholic-forum.com /Saints/ncd04845.htm (100 words)

	Italy
		In the year 1167 several towns in northern Italy formed the Lombard League in opposition to the emperor, Frederick I Barbarossa, who had demanded to have the so-called regalia reinstated, royal rights, such as the right of coinage or collecting duties, which were often very lucrative.
		Throughout the 19th century the Lombard League stood as a symbol for putting aside inner conflicts in favour of national unity and also served as a model for the common defence against threats from abroad.
		Although the Oath of Pontida as foundation act of the Lombard League is not historically verified, the scene was often depicted.
	www.dhm.de /ausstellungen/mythen/english/italien.html (633 words)

	La Leche League of Lombard, Illinois
		LLL of Lombard PM’s meeting location is the parlor of First United Methodist Church of Lombard at 155 S. Main (NE corner of Main and Maple).
		La Leche League Leaders are experienced mothers who have breastfed their own babies and who have been trained and accredited by La Leche League International to help mothers and mothers-to-be with all aspects of breastfeeding.
		La Leche League International's mission is to help mothers worldwide to breastfeed through mother-to-mother support, encouragement, information and education, and to promote a better understanding of breastfeeding as an important element in the healthy development of the baby and the mother.
	www.lllusa.org /IL/WebLombardIL.html (266 words)

	Cucina Italiana: Lombardy - A little History
		Lombard rule lasted for two centuries and was determined by the elaboration of a culture in which new elements of the various human and religious activities were grafted to the Western Roman world.
		After the Lombards came the Franks who, as Manzoni tells in the tragedy Adelchi, with the capture of Desiderius in Pavia by Charlemagne founded the Kingdom of Italy with its capital in Pavia.
		It was with the Emperor Ottone I that Lombardy became part of the Holy Roman Empire and it was in 1155 that Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa became King of Italy.
	www.emmeti.it /Cucina/Lombardia/Storia/Lombardia.ART.2.en.html (1302 words)

	LOMBARD LEAGUE - Online Information article about LOMBARD LEAGUE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Meetings of the league were held in 1172 and 1173 to strengthen the See also:
		Lombards in 1236; he inflicted a serious defeat upon their forces at Cortenuova in See also:
		November 1237 and met with other successes, but in 1238 he was beaten back from before Brescia.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /LOB_LUP/LOMBARD_LEAGUE.html (925 words)

	Friedrich I, 'Barbarossa' Holy_Roman_Empir (1122 - 10 Jun 1190)
		The League defeated Frederick at the Battle of Legnano in 1176.
		The Lombard League, consisting of the cities of Milan, Parma, Padua, Verona, Piacenza, Bologna, Cremona, Mantua, Bergamo, and Brescia, was formed in 1167 and eventually acknowledged Pope Alexander as leader.
		The fifth expedition (1174-76) of Frederick to Italy terminated in defeat by the Lombard League at Legnano.
	www.smokykin.com /ged/f002/f56/a0025623.htm (888 words)

	Lombard League - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Lombard League, military alliance in the 12th and 13th centuries formed by cities in northern Italy, mainly in the Lombardy region, to resist the...
		League of Nations, international alliance for the preservation of peace, with headquarters at Geneva.
		Mandate, originally, contract in ancient Roman law in which one person agreed to perform a gratuitous service for another in return for...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Lombard_League.html (193 words)

	George Lombard
		In the spring of 1994, George Lombard was best known as "the next Herschel Walker." After a nationwide recruiting battle, the Atlanta native had signed with the University of Georgia to play football.
		In 1997 and 1998, however, Lombard has made the transition from a long-shot prospect with "great tools" to the #1 outfielder in the Braves minor league system.
		This season (as of July 15) with the AA Greenville Braves of the Southern League, Lombard is batting.328 with 17 home runs, a.429 on-base percentage, and a.591 slugging percentage.
	www.sportsjones.com /lombard.htm (272 words)

	Lombard League - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		LOMBARD LEAGUE [Lombard League] an alliance formed in 1167 among the communes of Lombardy to resist Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I when he attempted to assert his imperial authority in Lombardy.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Lombard League" at HighBeam.
		Lombard Pitches In as Greater Loudoun Readies for World Series; Outfielder Keys Win Over Maryland Team In His Relief Role
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-lombardl1.html (320 words)

	Lombardy, Italy
		The population is mainly concentrated in the densely settled conurbations centered on Milan, Brescia, Pavia and Varese.
		After the fall of the Western Roman Empire Lombardy (Langobardia) became in the seventh century the heartland of the Langobards or Lombards and in 951 a kingdom, with its capital at Pavia.
		The conflict between the Lombard League and the Hohenstaufen rulers of Germany in the 12th and 13th centuries led to the division of the Lombard towns between the Guelfs and Ghibellines, with a consequent internal decline and a splitting up from the kingdom.
	www.planetware.com /italy/lombardy-i-lo-lo.htm (399 words)

	Lombard Church of the Nazarene - UPWARD
		Upward Basketball is a youth league open to 1st-6th grade boys and girls.
		If you would like to receive a registration brochure or have questions regarding the upcoming season, please call the church office at 630-627-9444 or stop by Monday-Friday 10:00 am-4:00 pm.
		Lombard Church of the Nazarene, 536 N Rt.
	www.lombardchurch.org /index.asp?pg=15 (147 words)

	SparkNotes: High Middle Ages (1000-1200): Germany in the Hohenstaufen Era: 1137-1250
		He was to have the power to appoint dukes and communal consuls, to collect tolls and hospitality dues, as well as to be the sole general arbiter in Lombard regions.
		He had to face small revolts in Germany, and combat against the Lombard league was indecisive, with both sides winning as well as losing battles, though German forces fared poorly.
		Towns could not maintain mutually friendly relations, as the post-1176 Lombard league collapse indicates, and this was too much urban strife to support further growth.
	www.sparknotes.com /history/european/middle2/section9.rhtml (3376 words)

	George Lombard Statistics - The Baseball Cube (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Minor league salaries are not available and would likely hold no significant value for the purpose of analysis.
		The limitation is more pronounced in the minor leagues where player movement occurs more often but at the same time but the data is actually more reliable in college, where player movement does not exist per season.
		This will eliminate the overstating of teammate frequency for players moving quickly through the minor leagues where they will potentially be teammates with the same player 3 or more times in a season.
	www.thebaseballcube.com /players/L/george-lombard.shtml (654 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Vicenza
		In Roman times it was of little importance, though it had the franchise in 45 B.C. It suffered by the incursions of the Goths and the Huns, but is not mentioned in connection with the Gothic War.
		It took an active part in the Lombard League, compelling Padua and Treviso to join, and its podesta, Ezzelino III, il Balbo, was captain of the league.
		The city joined the Second Lombard League against Frederick II, and was sacked by that monarch (1237), after which it formed part of Ezzelino's dominions.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/15404c.htm (1029 words)

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