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	International Longshore and Warehouse Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Longshoremen on the west coast ports had either been unorganized or represented by company unions since the years immediately after World War I, when the shipping companies and stevedoring firms had imposed the open shop after a series of failed strikes.
		Longshoremen in San Francisco, then the major port on the coast, were required to go through a hiring hall operated by a company union, known as the "blue book" system for the color of the union's membership book.
		Those activists soon joined the International Longshoremen's Association, despite their reservations about its reputation for corruption and lack of militancy, when passage of the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933 led to a explosion in union membership in the ILA among west coast longshoremen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_Longshore_and_Warehouse_Union (1567 words)

	Unions alleged to pad payrolls with children - The Boston Globe - Boston.com - Mass. - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Attorney General Thomas F. Reilly's office is probing allegations that longshoremen's unions in Boston have for years padded payrolls with children as young as 2 1/2 years old, in a scheme designed to guarantee higher wages for their dependents once they are old enough to join the union, state officials said yesterday.
		For decades, longshoremen's locals have been controlled by clans, and it is not uncommon for grandfathers, fathers, and sons to be in the union at the same time.
		While anywhere from 50 to 100 longshoremen are working the docks at any given time, they come from a much larger pool of hundreds of union members and ''scallywags" -- nonmembers sanctioned to work when there are not enough card-carrying members to fill the available shifts.
	www.boston.com /news/local/massachusetts/articles/2005/06/09/unions_alleged_to_pad_payrolls_with_children (1055 words)

	[No title]
		Longshoremen ILA, 447 U.S. 490 (1980), remanded Dolphin Forwarding2 and Associated Transport3 to the Board for reconsideration of its earlier deci- sions finding that the Rules on Containers and their enforcement violated Sections 8(e) and 8(b)(4)(B) of the Act.
		Longshoremen ILA, 105 S.Ct. 3045 (1985), the Supreme Court held that the Board's partial invalidation of the Rules on Containers as applied to "shortstopping" truckers and "traditional" warehousers was inconsistent with NLRB v.
		Longshoremen ILA, the Board found that the signatory employers could control the assign- ment of this work by prescribing the conditions for the release of their containers to nonmembers.
	www.nlrb.gov /nlrb/shared_files/decisions/278/278-220.txt (4125 words)

	Longshoremen and their unions under attack (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The hiring will be done because of the aging of the approximately 2,700 active Longshoremen in the port and because of increased activity in the port.
		When the West Coast Longshoremen recently opened their books in Oakland, California, the opening of the books was done in consultation with the community and special care was taken that minority communities got a fair shore of the job opportunities being offered.
		Longshoremen and their unions around the world have been under attack in recent years and continue to be under fire.
	www.pww.org /past-weeks-2000/Longshoremen2.htm (920 words)

	Willamette Week Online \| News \| \| Cargo Kings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Longshoremen-- the term encompasses men and women-- are generally divided into three groups: Longshoremen, who load and unload cargo; clerks, who handle the paperwork; and foremen, who manage work gangs.
		Longshoremen load the railcars and lash the cargo down, and woe betide anyone who would usurp these duties--even something as trivial as unhooking the ropes that tether a ship to the dock.
		Ironically, the longshoremen, with their proud tradition of solidarity, are probably better equipped to withstand a prolonged shutdown than the shippers, who must ultimately bow to the bottom line.
	www.wweek.com /story.php?story=3228 (3278 words)

	America on the Move \| Longshoremen’s Time Book
		Workers who load and discharge ships are called longshoremen, a name derived from the days when men would gather along the shore as a ship arrived, in hopes of getting work unloading its cargo.
		In the first quarter of the 20th century, the work of unloading ships became increasingly dangerous, as longshoremen were pressured to work ever faster to unload huge ships full of heavy cargos.
		Modern longshoremen can keep track of their hours on a job in record books like this.
	americanhistory.si.edu /onthemove/collection/object_199.html (257 words)

	Harry Bridges - A Biography
		The isolated life at sea, the miserable and humiliating living conditions, the ever-present struggle against the captain's autocratic power, the discussions held with sailors in foreign ports or the talk that went on in the foc'sle, the international character of the crews - all seemingly tended to illuminate class relationships.
		As the longshoremen hung about in the early morning fog, as they shivered in the rain and wind, or loitered in the fresh sunshine, they talked and Harry Bridges listened to their complaints.
		Though strongly opposed by Michael Casey, for forty years president of the teamsters, the longshoremen induced the teamsters to stay away from the docks for the duration of the strike.
	www.ilwu19.com /history/biography.htm (8272 words)

	Indicted longshoremen adopted as union crusade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Longshoremen are holding their annual rally and picnic today at the Coastal Carolina Fairgrounds, and the Charleston 5 will be the topic of the day.
		Longshoremen are proud of their history, and to understand the emotions behind the Charleston 5 campaign, it's helpful to go back to the aftermath of the Civil War when former slaves organized the Longshoremen's Protective Union Association.
		Longshoremen felt these jobs were under attack when Nordana Line, a small Danish ocean carrier, decided in late 1999 to use Winyah Stevedoring Inc. of Georgetown to load and unload their ships.
	archives.charleston.net /news/ilariot/lngshr0903.htm (4302 words)

	NLRB v. International Longshoremen's Assoc. (1980)
		The amount of work available for longshoremen has been further reduced by the shipping companies' practice of making their containers available for loading (stuffing) and unloading (stripping) away from the pier by shippers and by freight consolidators who combine the goods of various shippers into a single shipment.
		The longshoremen checked the cargo, sorted it, placed it on pallets and moved it by forklift to the side of the ship, and lifted it by means of a sling or hook into the ship's hold.
		The amount of work available for longshoremen has been further reduced by the shipping companies' practice of making their containers available to shippers [447 U.S. 490, 496] and consolidators8 for loading and unloading away from the pier.
	www.admiraltylawguide.com /supct/NLRB1980.htm (10303 words)

	Longshoreman's Strike of 1934
		When 95 percent of the longshoremen on the Pacific Coast voted to go on strike, the issue of hiring halls and methods of dispatching the men was the paramount question.
		It was to be an increasingly important issue between longshoremen and owners as new machines began to replace men on the docks and in the ships' holds.", As far as Tacoma was concerned, Local 38-97 was exempted from the joint hiring hall provision mandated by the NLB Award.
		The position of the longshoremen's unions was strengthened in the 1934 strikes by their recognition, for the first time, as bargaining agents under the National Recovery Act (NRA).
	www.ilwu19.com /history/1934.htm (7081 words)

	Congress Investigates the 1934 San Francisco Strike
		It is significant that the dispute was as submitted to arbitration immediately upon the threat of longshoremen to support the strikers and that settlement was effected the same day; all, including the four stevedores allegedly discriminated against, were reinstated by decision of the arbitrators.
		The strike of the longshoremen might have been defeated except for the support given it by other unions, particularly the teamsters, who succeeded in tying up the commerce of the waterfront effectively.
		It is significant that the employers sought to compromise the issues on several occasions through international and district officers of the longshoremen after the locals had clearly indicated in May that proposals were to be referred back to the local membership before being accepted.
	historymatters.gmu.edu /d/5134 (3046 words)

	12/20/00 1:11 PM
		Longshoremen witnesses recalled use of brass check loans against hours worked but yet paid, and in some cases owed payment to the loan with future paychecks, trusting that there would be hours to work given the inconsistency of employment.
		Longshoremen F.J. Reiley described the limited space men had to work in because of the density of loads, particularly the long length of lumber.
		The board gathered that in order for a longshoremen to earn a least $15 a week, he would have to work a minimum of twenty hours; however, twenty hours straight time occurred rarely for most that waited in the hiring hall or for the arrival of a ship, which went unpaid.
	userwww.sfsu.edu /~epf/2001/garcia.html (9193 words)

	Longshoremen Worry That Port Security Proposals Could Hit Them HardestBy JOE EATONCapital News Service
		But many of the same longshoremen who found a solid paycheck at the Port of Baltimore worry that could change under a 2002 law that aims to protect American ports from terrorism.
		Officials at the International Longshoremen's Association, the union that represents longshoremen at Baltimore and other East Coast ports, guess that 200 to 300 of the nearly 2,000 registered union longshoremen in Baltimore will lose their jobs under the new security rules.
		Longshoremen said they understand the threat of terrorism, but they object to the idea that they are a security risk.
	www.stmarystoday.com /longshoremen_worry_that_port_sec.htm (843 words)

	LaborNET: The Big Strike
		Longshoremen were not even guaranteed jobs, no matter how skilled or experienced they might be.
		They drew their most important support from teamsters, who defied their own union officers and refused to cross longshoremen's picket lines to pick up or deliver cargo, and from sailors and other seagoing workers who called their own strikes over demands similar to those of the longshoremen.
		The longshoremen's union, their struggle to create it and the general strike the struggle inspired were extremely important signals that working Americans could finally win the basic rights so long denied them.
	www.labornet.org /viewpoints/meister/bloody.htm (1498 words)

	Police Open Fire At Anti-War Protest, Longshoremen Injured
		The longshoremen, pinned against a fence, were caught in the crossfire.
		Six longshoremen were treated by paramedics, as were at least a dozen protesters -- some of whom had bloody welts the size of a silver dollar.
		He said a union arbitrator was evaluating the situation, trying to determine whether the longshoremen should cross the protesters' picket line and go to work, when police started firing.
	www.truthout.org /docs_03/printer_040903A.shtml (760 words)

	Longshoremen and Mechanization - A Tale of Two Cities : Articles : Journal for Maritime Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The signal event on the West Coast was the 1934 general strike in San Francisco Bay, a moment of labor unity and assertiveness that is still commemorated by the faithful.
		Indeed it seemed that everyone on the waterfront was 'on the take’, with longshoremen routinely being required to kick back a portion of their earnings and participate in loan-sharking and other rackets.
		In taking this position he forthrightly declared his support for increased mechanization: like his contemporary John L. Lewis, the flamboyant leader of the coal miners, Bridges was prepared to accept a reduced workforce, and thus a smaller union membership, in return for higher pay and benefits for those who remained on the rolls.
	www.jmr.nmm.ac.uk /server/show/conJmrArticle.13/viewPage/3 (959 words)

	USATODAY.com - Coulda been a pretender? Docks allegedly paid kids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		BOSTON (AP) — The state said it was investigating allegations that longshoremen's unions in Boston have placed children as young as 2 1/2 years old on the payroll in a scheme to give them higher wages as adult dockworkers.
		John McMahon, a lawyer for the International Longshoremen's Association, said only that he had heard about the investigation of three union locals, which reported a total membership of 250 in 2000.
		Longshoremen in Boston offload shipping containers from ships and barges, and also handle cargo, supplies and baggage for cruise ship dockings.
	www.usatoday.com /news/nation/2005-06-09-boston-docks_x.htm?csp=36 (448 words)

	Longshoremen Locked Out on W (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The 36-hour "cooling-off period," which will immediately curtail the flow of goods across the nation, was announced after the Pacific Maritime Association accused the longshoremen's union of slowing down the pace of work as a tactic to gain leverage in increasingly acrimonious talks.
		The union says that five longshoremen have died in West Coast ports since mid-March, and that the crush of cargo has made the docks an even more chaotic and dangerous workplace.
		Spinosa said work rates have hummed along at record levels in recent weeks — but that longshoremen wouldn't continue to cut corners and risk their safety if the association wouldn't bargain in good faith.
	www.propertyrightsresearch.org /longshoremen_locked_out_on_w.htm (722 words)

	Free Carfax Report, Vehicle History Report, Used Car History, Carfax, Free Carfax Report, Vin Number Check, Vehicle ...
		Longshoremen were not even guaranteed jobs, no matter how experienced they might be.
		What the longshoremen wanted above all was to end the indignity and insecurity of the "shapeup." They wanted to decide for themselves how the dock work should be allocated, with pay and working conditions determined in negotiations between their union and employers.
		The longshoremen's victorious struggle to create the union - their Big Strike - was an extremely important signal to the nation.
	www.zongoo.com /article8404.html (1766 words)

	Longshoremen, Making $100K Per Year, Won't Reduce Demands
		The injunction initiated Taft-Hartley,s so-called 80-day "cooling off period." As of now, the ports are functioning again, longshoremen have returned to their jobs, and negotiations, overseen by federal mediators, between the ILWU and the Pacific Maritime Association (PMA), which controls and operates the ports, are ongoing.
		Longshoremen are among the most highly paid union workers in the country.
		The PMA responded by offering a 17% increase, which would hike the average salaries for longshoremen and marine clerks to $114,500 and $137,500 respectively.
	www.rense.com /general30/long.htm (710 words)

	Sweatshops from the CD Rom Shaping San Francisco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During the doomed waterfront strike in 1919, some gang bosses organized the Longshoremen's Association of San Francisco, better known as the "Blue Book," as a schism within the International Longshoremen's Association (ILA) and it was immediately recognized by the Waterfront Employers' Union.
		A November 1933 government report indicated that approximately 50% of working longshoremen were on relief rolls at any given time, due to the precarious nature of the work and the prevailing low wages.
		Organizing among longshoremen led to the emergence of of a mimeographed bulletin, the Waterfront Worker, in late 1932.
	www.shapingsf.org /ezine/labor/genstrike/main.html (965 words)

	Longshoremen strike or lockout could stagger nation's economy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Negotiations over a new contract for West Coast Longshoremen are turning into a high-stakes drama, one that could reach far beyond the docks and threaten the national economy.
		If negotiators can't settle their differences, a strike or lockout could ripple through the nation's economy, emptying store shelves and cutting into consumer spending that has helped prop up the economy, experts say.
		Longshoremen, meanwhile, are unified and prepared -- but not eager -- to start a fight, says Max Vekich, the president of Local 24 in Aberdeen.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /business/73906_longshore10.shtml (898 words)

	10/06/02: West coast striking Longshoremen make more than $100,000 per year.
		In other words, the 10,500 longshoremen on the West Coast have the power to paralyze the $300 billion in cargo that flows through these ports every year.
		But if the longshoremen walk out, shipping lines cannot divert their cargo to other ports.
		Mexico's ports and roads cannot handle the cargo, Canadian longshoremen won't unload the diverted ships and East Coast ports are unavailable because the Panama Canal is too small to handle the huge Pacific ships.
	www.mrcranky.com /movies/reddragon/92.html (617 words)

	Five Alaskan Longshoremen Arrested in Carnival Protest - from TBO.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The arrests occurred when the longshoremen tried to place themselves in front of a tour bus headed to a Carnival Cruise Line ship in Whittier, Alaska.
		He was aware, he said, that the longshoremen refused to work the ship Wednesday.
		The cruise ship company also issued a statement in which it said the disagreement arose over the positioning of longshoremen inside the vessel during baggage loading and off-loading.
	ap.tbo.com /ap/florida/MGBT51HKQ9E.html (393 words)

	National Longshoremen's Board Statement - San Francisco General Strike - 1934
		The National Longshoremen's Board hereby appeals to all parties to the existing dispute between the longshoremen and the maritime workers and the employers to end at once the intolerable situation existing in the Pacific coast.
		The board is of the opinion that an amicable settlement of the issues involved in the controversy between the longshoremen and their employers can be reached by arbitration, if both parties to the controversy will request this board to act as arbitrator and agree to abide by its decisions.
		We recognize that there are difficulties in establishing a basis for collective bargaining between the maritime unions and the employers that do not exist to the same extent in the longshoremen's case.
	www.sfmuseum.org /hist4/maritime2.html (360 words)

	[No title]
		Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, where the commission determines to accept applications for inclusion in the longshoremen's register on its own initiative, that acceptance shall be accomplished in the manner deemed appropriate by the commission.
		In the event that the court enters a final order setting aside the determination by the commission to accept applications for inclusion in the longshoremen's register, the registration of any longshoremen included in the longshoremen's register as a result of such determination by the commission shall be canceled.
		The commission may include in the longshoremen's register, under such terms and conditions as the commission may prescribe, persons issued registration on a temporary basis as a longshoreman or a checker to meet special or emergency needs and who are still so registered by the commission upon the effective date of P.L.1999, c.206.
	www.njleg.state.nj.us /9899/Bills/pl99/206_.htm (956 words)

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